Final Flashcards
1
Q
Cori Spezzati
A
- Developed by Giovanni Gabrieli (worked at St. Mark’s basilica in Venice)
- “Spaced Out Choirs”
- Polychoral technique that used small groups antiphonally to create a stereo effect
2
Q
Basso Continuo
A
- type 1: chords payed by a single instrument–harpsichord, organ, lute
- type 2: Doubled bass line on a linear bass instrument–viola de gamba, bassoon, cello
3
Q
Monody
A
accompanied solo song
- accomp by lute or keyboard
- high voice and figured bass
- forerunner of Italian Aria
4
Q
Jacopo Peri
A
- Dafne–1st opera
- L’Euridice–1st surviving opera
- recitative–voices move freely through consonance and dissonance over basso continuo
5
Q
Monteverdi
A
- L’Orfeo–1st opera masterpiece
- Poppea–used arioso style to depict love
6
Q
Oratorio
A
a large-scale musical composition that resembles an opera but has
- subject that is always religious
- little to no staging
- a narrator
- Chorus that takes on various roles
- more vocal variety (recit., aria, duet, chorus, instrumental interludes)
7
Q
Carissimi
A
one of the first oratorio composers
-best known oratorio: Jepthe
8
Q
Lully
A
French Opera
- simple recitative: natural flow of French words
- measured recitative: more songlike with more emotion in accompaniment
- airs: more metrically stable, simple and syllabic
9
Q
Trio Sonata
A
2 violins and basso continuo #2 (viola and cello)
10
Q
Corelli
A
outstanding composer of sonata
- sonata da chiesa (Church sonata)
- sonata da camera (chamber sonata)
11
Q
Vivaldi
A
Concerto style
- I and II Violin, Viola, Cello, Bass (doubles cello part)
- for solo instrument (mostly violin)
- 3 movt. (fast-slow-fast)
- recurring ritornello form
12
Q
Traite de l’harmonie
A
Rameau
- harmony based on triads
- chord identity not changed when bass changes
13
Q
Masque
A
aristocratic entertainment based on allegorical or mythological theme
- Henry Purcell
- “Dido and Aeneas” (3 act opera with only 4 roles)
14
Q
Bach’s cantatas
A
- text came from Lutheran Bible, chorales, combined biblical and chorale texts, original
- written for: solo singers, small choir 3 per part SATB, orchestra 1-3 players per instrument
15
Q
Handel’s Italian operas
A
- subjects: historical, mythological, romantic
- recitative types: simple (just basso continuo) or accompanied (orchestral throughout)
- da capo arias: eliminates excessive repetitions
- English opinion changed about Italian opera
16
Q
Galant style
A
- elegance, charm, clarity
- naturalness, pleasing to the ear
- light texture
- single melodic line in short phrases
- major key tonalities
- slower harmonic rhythm
- D. Scarlatti
17
Q
Empfindsamer stil
A
- exaggerated affective gestures of Baroque
- abrupt change of mood/harmony
- chromaticism
- flexible rhythms
- CPE Bach
18
Q
Bach dates
A
1685-1750
19
Q
First public opera house in Venice date
A
1637
20
Q
Intermezzo
A
La Serva padrona
21
Q
Gluck
A
opera reform, Orfeo ed Euridice, Alceste
