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INTRO adult health > FINAL > Flashcards

FINAL Flashcards

1
Q

accumulation of urine due to the inability of the bladder to empty

A

urinary retention

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2
Q

Results from catheterization or procedure

A

urinary tract infection

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3
Q

Involuntary leakage of urine

A

urinary incontinence

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4
Q

what is the purpose of Nephrostomy tubes

A

Small tubes tunneled through the skin into the renal pelvis. Placed to drain the renal pelvis when the ureter is obstructed

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5
Q

characteristics of urine

A

color, clarity, and odor

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6
Q

normal range of urine production

A

1-2 L a day

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7
Q

when the brain gives the bladder permission to empty, the bladder contracts, the urinary sphincter relaxes and urine leaves the body through the urethra

A

micturition

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8
Q

A patient with a long-standing history of diabetes mellitus is voicing concerns about kidney disease. The patient asks the nurse where urine is formed in the kidney. The nurse’s response is the:

A

nephron

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9
Q

areas of the brain involved in bladder control

A

cerebral cortex, thalamus, hypothalamus and brainstemqc

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10
Q

common side affect of opioid analgesics

A

constipation

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11
Q

why is it bad to drink alcohol and take acetaminophens

A

both are metabolized in the liver which can cause liver damage.

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12
Q

comes from bone, joint, connective tissue, or muscle.

A

somatic pain

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13
Q

pain that arises from organs

A

visceral pain

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14
Q

normal GFR rate is

A

125

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15
Q

protein is normal

A

6-8.3

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16
Q

rating pain on 1-10 scale for assessment of pain.

A

0-3 mild pain
4-6 moderate pain
7-10 severe pain (pain emergency)

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17
Q

Drug delivery system that allows patients to self-administer opioids (morphine, hydromorphone, and fentanyl) with minimal risk of overdose

A

patient controlled analgesia PCA

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18
Q

how is PCA given

A

IV push or subc

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19
Q

when does PCA deliver the meds

A

System delivers specific # of doses every 1-4 hours given every 1-15 min

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20
Q

discharge teaching for hydrocodone

A

look up !!!!!!!

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21
Q

Understanding of peripheral neuropathy in feet

A

Diabetics
Lose feeling
Wear shoes
This can affect the patient’s response to pain

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22
Q

Manual compression of the bladder walls with each attempted void

A

credes method

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23
Q

urinary incontinence affects perineal skin

A

excoriation/redness

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24
Q

turns urine orange

A

Phenazopyridine (Pyridium)

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25
Q

what to do for a hip fracture patient who needs to have a BM

A

raise the head of the bed

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26
Q

Inability of the intestine (bowel) to contract normally and move waste out of the body.

A

ileus

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27
Q

who’s at risk for an ileus

A

surgical patients

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28
Q

abnormal findings in the ileostomy stool

A

blood

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29
Q

Reduction of pressure points with immobile patients to prevent what

A

decubitus ulcers

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30
Q

Intact skin with non blanchable redness

A

stage 1

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31
Q

Partial-thickness skin loss involving epidermis, dermis, or both

A

stage 2

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32
Q

Full-thickness tissue loss with visible fat

A

stage 3

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33
Q

Full-thickness tissue loss with exposed bone, muscle, or tendon

A

stage 4

34
Q

what is primary intention healing

A

surgical incision; wound is closed

35
Q

what is secondary intention healing

A

wound is left open and closes naturally

36
Q

type of wound healing for a laparoscopic appendectomy

A

primary wound healing

37
Q

wound heals with scar tissue

A

secondary wound healing

38
Q

examples of secondary wound healing

A

burn, pressure ulcer, or severe laceration

39
Q

edges of a wound no longer meet.

A

wound dehiscence

40
Q

most common wound dehiscence

A

abdominal incisions- splints

41
Q

dehiscence with protrusion of visceral organs

A

Evisceration; medical emergency

42
Q

what to do for a wound dehiscence

A

Place sterile saline soaked gauze over extruding tissue and call physician

43
Q

what is important for wound healing

A

albumin

44
Q

what must be debrided

A

black ulcer covering

45
Q

type of patient that may require special assistive devices

A

black ulcers

46
Q

type of isolation that can occur with hearing and visual impairments

A

social isolation

47
Q

with obstructive sleep apnea, what will fall

A

pulse ox

48
Q

Maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance

A

kidneys

49
Q

if the urine has prolonged contact with the skin what can occur

A

skin breakdown can occur

50
Q

inflammation of the bladder

A

cystitis

51
Q

where is urine formed in the kidney

A

nephron

52
Q

drug that changes the urine intense yellow

A

riboflavin

53
Q

most UTIs are caused by

A

e. coli

54
Q

what is urge incontinence

A

when your bladder is full and you have to go pee soon bad but you wait and involuntary leakage of urine

55
Q

what is stress incontinence

A

when you sneeze, cough; urine associated with effort

56
Q

urine specimens need to reach the lab in how many hours

A

2

57
Q

treat urgency, frequency, nocturia and urgency UI

A

Antimuscarinics

58
Q

treat urinary retention

A

Bethanechol

59
Q

relax smooth muscle

A

Tamsulosin and silodosin

60
Q

shrink the prostate

A

Finasteride and dutasteride

61
Q

treat urinary tract infections

A

antibiotics

62
Q

adverse effects of Antimuscarinics

A

dry mouth, constipation, and blurred vision

63
Q

The exercises work by increasing the pressure within the urethra by strengthening the pelvic floor muscles and by inhibiting unwanted bladder contractions.

A

kegel exercises

64
Q

patient history of hay fever; asthma; and allergies to certain foods such as bananas, grapes, apricots, kiwi fruit, and hazelnuts

A

patients at risk for a latex allergy

65
Q

what to look for with a patient with PCA

A

monitor for over sedation or respiratory depression

66
Q

most common cause of peripheral neuropathy is

A

diabetes ; usually in hands and feet

67
Q

some people with an allergy to apsirin also have an allergy

A

to NSAIDS

68
Q

what is the braden score scale

A

6-23; 6 being the worst and 23 being the best

69
Q

what should you do before a dressing change

A

give medication for pain

70
Q

tactile

A

touch

71
Q

gustatory

A

taste

72
Q

the stimulation of sensory nerve fibers and the transmission of impulses to higher centers within the brain

A

sensory reception

73
Q

integration and interpretation of stimuli

A

perception

74
Q

stimulation of a receptor such as light, touch, or sound

A

reception

75
Q

Disruption of flow of fluids in inner ear

A

Ménière’s Disease

76
Q

what is stop bang

A 
S-snoring 
T- tired
O- observed apnea
P- blood pressure 
B- BMI more than 35?
A- age
N- neck circumference greater than 17 
G- ender
77
Q

what is malignant hyperthermia

A

excessive intracellular Ca

78
Q

protective reflex response

A

modulation

79
Q

awareness, and physiological and behavioral response

A

perception

80
Q

pain impulse up spinal cord to the brain

A

transmission

81
Q

thermal, mechanical, or chemical pain stimulus

A

transduction

INTRO adult health (4 decks)

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