Final

Question 1

What is matter

Answer 1

Anything that takes up space and has a mass

Question 2

What can matter be measured in

Answer 2

Mass (amount is substance)

Volume (amount of space occupied)

Question 3

4 states of matter

Answer 3

Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma

Question 4

Classifying matter

Answer 4

Matter = particles
Particles = properties
Properties = characteristics that describe the substance

Question 5

Pure substance

Answer 5

Made up of ONE particle
Elements = pure substance that cant be broken down (gold = g)
Compound = pure substance combining 2 or more elements (water = h2o)

Question 6

Mixtures

Answer 6

Mechanical = visible diff (heterogeneous)
Suspension = particles of one substance are held within the other, makes cloudy mixture (heterogeneous)
Solution = looks like 1 substance (homogeneous

Question 7

Who is Dmitri Mendeleev

Answer 7

He organized the elements into a table
He gathered: colour, density, melting point, and reactivity
Sorted it into rows and columns

Question 8

Who is Henry Moseley

Answer 8

He rearranged the periodic table according to atomic number

Question 9

What are the rows and columns called in the periodic table

Answer 9

Rows = periods
Columns = groups

Question 10

What 2 categories is the periodic table divided into

Answer 10

Metals and non metals

Question 11

Which atomic particles have a mass

Answer 11

Protons and neutrons mass unit of 1

Question 12

Formula or calculating protons, neutrons, and electrons

Answer 12

Protons = atomic number
Electrons = atomic number 
Neutrons = mass number - atomic number

Question 13

What is an alloy

Answer 13

A mixture of two metals

Question 14

What created the silver penny

Answer 14

The zinc coted the copper giving it that silver effect

Question 15

What created the gold penny

Answer 15

The zinc atoms mixed with the copper atoms with heat, creating an alloy (not actual gold)

Question 16

Adhesion

Answer 16

Physical property of water sticking to other substances

Question 17

Chemical change

Answer 17

a change that forms a new substance

Question 18

Chemical property

Answer 18

Characteristic of a substance that describes how it reacts when it changes into a new substance

Question 19

Chemical reaction

Answer 19

When a chemical change occurs

Question 19

Cohesion

Answer 19

Physical property of water sticking to itself

Question 19

Combustible

Answer 19

Ability of a substance to react quickly with oxygen to produce heat or light

Question 19

Medicine wheel

Answer 19

Way of First Nations to understand matter

Question 19

Physical property

Answer 19

Characteristic of a substance that can be observed or measured without change

Question 19

Property

Answer 19

Characteristic that describes a substance

Question 20

Alkali metals

Answer 20

``` Group 1 Grey ish colour Low melting points React easily with water 1 valence electron ```

Question 21

Bond

Answer 21

Attraction between atoms and ions

Question 22

Chemical formula

Answer 22

Formula that identifies which elements and how many atoms and ions are in a compound

Question 23

Covalent bond

Answer 23

Attraction of sharing electrons between atoms

Question 24

Diatomic molecule

Answer 24

Molecule that contains two atoms of the same element HOFBrINCl

Question 25

Halogens

Answer 25

Group 17 Non metals Very reactive as they have 1 spot left in their valence shell Different colours Usually gas or can be turned into a gas easily

Question 26

Ion

Answer 26

Atom or group of atoms with a charge as a result from losing or gaining electrons

Question 27

Ionic bond

Answer 27

Attraction of ions if opposite charges | Na+1 and Cl-1

Question 28

Ionic compound

Answer 28

Pure substance Non metal and metal combine Transfer electrons to support one another Formed by a Cation and Anion Cations (+) and Anions (-) are attracted to each other so they come together to form a compound Properties: high melting point Solids

Question 29

Isotope

Answer 29

Element with a different atomic mass then normal | It’s neutrons change

Question 30

Metalloids

Answer 30

Part of group 13-16 (other metals and non metals Lovely follow the stair case Properties of metals and non metals *B Si Ge As Sb Te Po At*

Question 31

Molecular compound

Answer 31

``` Pure substance when non metals combine chemically Share electrons (covalent bond) ``` Properties: Any state Low boiling point poor conductors

Question 32

Molecule

Answer 32

Group of atoms that share atoms

Question 33

Noble gas

Answer 33

Group 18 Full valence electron shell Not reactive Colourless gases

Question 34

Relative mass

Answer 34

Mass of one object in comparison to another

Question 35

Transition metals

Answer 35

Group 3-12 Metals Can forms ions of multiple different charges

Question 36

Alkaline earth metals

Answer 36

Contain 2 valence electrons They lose those electrons Form a +2 anion

Question 37

Other metals and non metals

Answer 37

Group 13-16 | Contains metalloids

Question 38

Lanthanides

Answer 38

1st row in island | Metals

Question 39

Actinides

Answer 39

2nd row in island | Metals

Question 40

John Dalton

Answer 40

Each atom was a hard indestructible sphere

Question 41

J.J. Thomson

Answer 41

Has positive and negative charges | The charges are mixed throughout the atom

Question 42

Ernest Rutherford

Answer 42

Mostly empty Nucleus Electrons = outside of nucleus Protons = inside of nucleus

Question 43

Niels Bohr

Answer 43

Electrons = in orbitals

Question 44

Differences between metals and non metals

Answer 44

Metals = form positive ion, conductors, malleable and ductible, shiny, room temp is solid Non metals = form negative ion, room temp is everything, non conductors, brittle, non malleable

Question 45

Polyatomic ion

Answer 45

Ionic compound with more than 2 different elements

Question 46

List 5 examples of physical properties

Answer 46

``` Colour Melting/boiling point Density Texture Hardness ```

Question 47

List 5 examples of chemical properties

Answer 47

``` Forms gas when heated Forms precipitate Emits heat during reaction Emits might during reaction Reacts with acid Reacts with water ```

Question 48

What are 5 clues a chemical change has occurred

Answer 48

``` Colour change Emits heat Emits light Forms a precipitate Difficult to reverse ```

Question 49

Physical change

Answer 49

Change in which case the substance does not result in a new substance *change in state is a physical change*