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Kin 168 Psychology of Coaching > FINAL > Flashcards

FINAL Flashcards

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1
Q

coaching attitudes that hinder team success

A 
inability to deal with crisis
unrealistic expectations
overcoaching and excessive interactions with team members
inability to make fair decision
inability to keep it simple
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2
Q

abilities of successful athletes

A 
imagery
attentional focus
maintaining concentration
positive self talk
goal setting
high confidence
...
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3
Q

scales that measure psychological skills used by athletes

A

psychological skills inventory for sport
test of performance strategy
ottawa mental skills assessment

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4
Q

two subcomponents the framework of mental toughness contains according to jones and colleagues

A

belief and focus

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5
Q

characteristics of mental toughness

A

unshakable believe
stay focused
regulate performance
cope with pressure

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6
Q

the psychological contruct of flow

A

state in which people are so involved in activity that nothing else matters
not directly associated with peak performance
intrinsically motivated

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7
Q

9 dimensions of experience flow

A

challenges of situation matches skills of athlete
awareness and action merge
goals are clear
feedback indicate correctness
total concentration on the task
paradox of control without being actively attempting to be in control
no self-consciousness or self evaluation
time seems to speed up or slow down
enjoyable - participation its own rewards

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8
Q

4 groups of emotional states associtated with Hanin’s Individualized Zone of Optimal Functioning (IZOF) model

A

positive performance enhancing
positive performance impairing
negative performance enhancing
negative performance impairing

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9
Q

when are athletes most likely to succeed

A

when emotional state is within Individual Zone of Optimal Functioning IZOF

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10
Q

characteristic necessary for success at the highest level in sport

A 
high self confidence
total commitment
strong performance focus
ability to cope well with stress and distraction
good attention focus
ability to rebound from mistakes
...
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11
Q

psychological characteristic during peak experiences in sport

A 
loss of fear
total immersion in activity
narrow focus of attention on the present
feeling in complete control
time/space disorientation
....
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12
Q

reasons why elite athletes might perform poorly

A 
over- or under arousal
worrying about losing
depart from normal routine
lose focus when under pressure
do not adhere to mental preperation plans
...
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13
Q

broad external attention focus

A

surveying the field

understand potential hazards, different conditions and potential targets

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14
Q

narrow external attention focus

A

deliver a pass
replay past action and reconsider results
make minor changes

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15
Q

definition of choking

A

significant drop in performance when under pressure
athletes cannot regain control without external assistance
focus on pressure -> physiological arousal gets too high

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16
Q

what can lead to choking

A

physiological and attentional changes

performance problems

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17
Q

attentional changes

A

narrowing of intention

internal focus of attention

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18
Q

what strategies reduce the novelty effect on performance

A

strategy 1 - dress rehearsal
strategy 2 - rehearsal of simulated competition experience
strategy 3 - mental rehearsal

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19
Q

strategy to stay centered

A

strategy 2 - centering

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20
Q

centering

A

reduces arousal and stops negative and task irrelevant focus
we are centered when our BW is distributed about our center of mass
conscious process used to adjust BW about center of mass

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21
Q

timing of centering

A

as close as possible to motor sequence

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22
Q

broad internal attentional focus

A

recall previous try - consider what affected activity and what might need to be changed

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23
Q

when is play to strengths as pressure increases benefitial

A

if dominant attentional style matches demands of task and if individual is confident in abilities

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24
Q

how does Nideffer describe the components of choking

A

progressive and uncontrollable performance decrease

attention becomes involuntarily more internally focussed

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25
Q

when does choking according to Nideffer occur

A

when physiological arousal increases beyond desired level

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26
Q

skill that teaches performers to hold attention on a predetermined task and if attention wanders to return it

A

focus training - similar to meditative practices

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27
Q

how could choking be prevented

A

eliminate physical feelings associated with excessive tension
ignore, reinterpret physical feelings
incorperate detailed pre-performance routine

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28
Q

when are you centered within a performance situation

A

when BW is distributed about the center of mass when it feels comfortable

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29
Q

what is the process of centering used for

A

adjust BW to feel centered and in control

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30
Q

why has a power gender imbalanced occured in coaching since Title IX was passed

A

nowadays money in female sports available - more male coaches are interested

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31
Q

definition of sexual discrimination

A

rooted in institutional practices that undermine the confidence, performance, and advancement prospects of an individual

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32
Q

whats tge problem with sexual harassment in sports

A

difficult to detect but a space to exist

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33
Q

feelings that many victims of harassment can feel

A 
humilation and degrading
undermines self-esteem
depression
not caring about appearance
blame self, ashamed
guilty
suicidal
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34
Q

possibe conseqeunce of being harassed for athletes

A

athletic performance deterioration
decreased interest in academic and personal goals
withdrawn from team/staff

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35
Q

sexual harassment components

A

submitting or rejecting this conduct is used as the basis for making decisions that affect the individual
such conduct has the ouropse of effect of interfering with an individual´s performance
conduct creates an intemidating , hostile or offensive environment

36
Q

objective and subjective nature of sexual harassment and discrimination

A

personal and psychological impact of same bahvior can be differnet

37
Q

definition of grooming

A

process in wich perpentrator isolates and prepares abb intended victim

38
Q

steps of grooming

A

targeting victim
building trust and friendship
developing isolation
initiation of sexual abuse

39
Q

policy for choaches and teachers

A

use discretion when alone with athlete
don´t drive alone with athlete
don´t touch athlete outside of necessary
document behavior
guard against any action that has slightest appearance of harassment
don´t say anything and listen to false accusation

40
Q

who is vulnerable to sexual harassment

A

women

individuals who feel little interest in them from loved ones

41
Q

two imagery techniques that elite athletes benefit from

A

external imagery perspective

internal imagery perspective

42
Q

external imagery perspective

A

seing themself performing from outside their body

43
Q

internal imagery perspective

A

see themself from inside
the way they normally see performance
only way to experience kinesthetic imagery

44
Q

how can imagery improve performance

A

if it is done systematically

can enhance emotions and thoughts

45
Q

senses involved in imagery

A 
auditory - sound
olfactory - smell
gustatory - taste
tactile - touch
kinesthetic - feel or sensation of the body as it moves in space
46
Q

basics of bioinformational theory

A

assumes that mental image is an organized set of propositions or characteristics, stored in the brain´s long-term memory

47
Q

basics of functional equivalent theory

A

imagery causes the brain to activate the same areas and processes as when the movement is actually executed
imagery has similar functional outcomes as the actual movement

48
Q

when is imagery more functionally equivalent

A

it includes feelings associated with event
all settings are similar to event
when its internal in perspective

49
Q

what is bioinformational

A

for imagery to facilitate sport performance, response characteristics must be activated to they can be modified, improved and strengthend

50
Q

how would an ideal self-imae exercise look like

A

athletes should imagine themselves display the skill they would like to have
compare ideal self image with current self image
continue doing that to make difference clear

51
Q

daily practice of imagery

A

before, after, and during practice

52
Q

types of use of imagery

A

daily practice
pre performance
post performance

53
Q

what kind of training does basic imagery training involve

A

mental training -> systematic practice and use of engaging in vivid and controllable polysensory images to enhance performance

54
Q

what is an athletes control of images

A

ability to imagine what they intend to imagine

manipulate aspects of images they want to change

55
Q

what is optimal time to practice imagery

A

daily in different locations and positions

56
Q

what does imagery help athletes with

A

optimize arousal (psych up, cool down), attention and confidence

57
Q

techniques for identifying self-talk

A

retrospection
imagery
keeping a self talk book

58
Q

what do steinmetz et al. say regarding self-talk

A

it is negative and /or based on irrational beliefs

59
Q

what are self-talk and particular thinking habits for

A

influencing confidence, feelings, and behavior/performance

60
Q

examples of distorted thinking

A 
perfection is essential
catastrophizing
worth depends on achievement
personalization
fallacy of fairness
blaming
polarized thinking and labering
61
Q

parts of the ABC cognitive restructuring technique

A

A -> briefly describe activating event whaht happends, what one saw and heard
B -> record exact content of whatever dysfunctional self-talk one thought or said loud
C -> record the resulting emotional and behavioral consequences

62
Q

what can paying too much attention to undesirable thoughts lead to

A

it can be detrimental/negative

63
Q

what needs to happen if an athlete focuses too much on undesirable thought

A

coach or psych. need to instruct athlete how to start dealing with those

64
Q

what are cognitive techniques to improve performance

A 
thought stoppage
changing neg. thoughts to pos. thoughts
countering
reframing
ABS cognitive restructuring
mastery and coping tapes
...
65
Q

ways to assess self-talk

A

countering

reframing

66
Q

countering

A

internal dialogue that uses facts and reasons to refute underlying beliefs that lead to neg. thinking

67
Q

reframing

A

creating different ways to look at the world

being able to identify irrational and distorted thinking

68
Q

what is sport devaluation

A

reflected by lack of concern for sport and performance quality

69
Q

symptoms of sport devaluation

A

reduced concern for sport and performance quality

question the value of sport

70
Q

what is the sens eof success and beign effective in one´s environment part of

A

self-determination theory

71
Q

self-determination theory

A

used to understand athlete burnout
athletes who don´t feel autonomous competent or related w/ others in sports will be motivated for less self determined reasons

72
Q

by what is physiological outcome influenced

A

the nature of one´s motivation

73
Q

what does most effective motivation result from

A

individual choice rather than internal or external pressure

74
Q

areas of worklife

A 
workload
control
reward
community
fairness
values
75
Q

what is Social connection to others reflected by feelings of acceptance and belonging,

A

relatedness

76
Q

what is positive psychological experience in contrast to burnout

A

engagement

77
Q

what si engagement characterized with

A

confidence
dedication
vigor and enthusiasm

78
Q

what is an important step in preventing athlete burnouts

A

assess situations
evaluate if potential symptoms exists
gathering as much info as possible

79
Q

sense of success and beign effective in one´s environment

A

competence

80
Q

what is the integral to training periodization

A

intense training

81
Q

recovery

A

mechanism to achieve higher level of functioning
following intense training
reducing fatigue and regaining vitality

82
Q

how are overtraining charactericed

A

performance decrements and exhaustion that fail to improve even with rest
repeated failure of body´s adaptive mechanisms to cope with stress

83
Q

what is overreaching

A

elevated fatigue and performance decrements that athlete can recover from
can be intentional as part of training
needs to be carefully planned

84
Q

A multidimensional, cognitive-affective syndrome characterized by emotional and physical exhaustion, reduced sense of accomplishment, and sport devaluation

A

burnout

85
Q

what does a negative impact of burnout include

A

performance decrements
decreased motivation
potential dropouts
troubled social relations

86
Q

psychosocial stress

A

imbalance between sport demands and ability to meet demands

Kin 168 Psychology of Coaching (3 decks)

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