Final Flashcards
expected behaviors and attitudes that come with one’s position in society refers to
social roles
gender ___ refers to a set of shared beliefs or generalizations about what men and women in a society have in common
stereotypes
male stereotype is centered around a set of qualities often labeled as ___
instrumental
___ is a cause that is present in the immediate environment
proximal
which of these examples describes the transition to adulthood?
leaving the role of student
becoming independent of parents
becoming a committed spouse
what is NOT one of the factors Gorman identified in the transition to parenthood?
husbands who become fathers showed higher marital satisfaction
which is NOT one of the five features that makes emerging adulthood different from adolescence?
age of stability
genetically programmed tendency for new parents to become more traditional in their gender roles is called
parental imperative
which of the following statements is NOT true about children born from unwed parents?
the % of children born to unmarried parents has decreased
which definition below fits the term “marital selection effect”?
statistical effect in which healthier people are more apt to marry and stay married, producing the appearance that marriage benefits health
___ is defined as a dynamic, recurrent pattern of interactions with other individuals
social relationship
a strong affectional bond formed by an infant to his/her major caregiver is
attachment
this system is activated in adults when they interact with infants & young children
caregiving orientation
as we grow older, we tend to prefer more meaningful social relationships. this is known as
socioemotional selectivity
which of the following statements about friendship is incorrect?
friendship networks decrease in young adulthood
___ is a voluntary interpersonal relationship carried out within social context
friendship
which relationship among grandchildren is considered the closest?
maternal grandmother
which description describes a dismissing attachment type?
“I am comfortable without close emotional relationships.”
this theory states that we can all have certain assets to offer in a relationship
exchange
what % of the population identify themselves as gay or lesbian?
1-4%
___ consists of a relatively enduring set of characteristics that define our individuality and affect our interactions with the environment & other people
personality
which is NOT part of the five factor model?
introspective
___ refers to the stability of individuals’ rank order within a group over time
differential continuity
___ occurs when we select roles and environments that best fit our personality and self-concept
proactive transaction
true or false- a person-environment transaction can be conscious or unconscious and happen in a variety of ways
true
what is a quality that can be inherited during reactive heritability and used as a basis to determine strategies?
strength & attractiveness
___ is concerned with establishing & guiding the next generation
generativity
which is the earliest stage that can be measured during the ego development?
impulsive
relaxation of gender roles at midlife was referred by Gutmann as
gender crossover
which stage is not included in Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development?
will vs. autonomy
when comparing hospice care with usual medical care, one characteristic of the hospice approach is that it
focuses on alleviating pain and providing comfort, while usual medical care focuses on prolonging life
what is one distinction in the way younger and older people think about death?
younger people are more focused about the loss of opportunity to experience things, while older people are more focused on loss of time to complete inner work
a person experiencing strong death anxiety is probably viewing death as a
loss
one distinction regarding death anxiety is that it’s higher among
women than men
the most common problem with home-care nursing for dying patients is the lack of
emotional support for the patient
coming to grips with one’s eventual death is known as
finitude
a study investigated that there was a link between sense of purpose in life and ___
death anxiety
which of these statements is the bargaining stage in preparation for death?
“If I do what I am told and don’t yell at everyone, then I’ll be able to live till Christmas”
true or false- hospice care began in England
true
true or false- rituals surrounding death can also give meaning to the death by emphasizing the meaning of life of the person who has died
true
the quest for meaning is also known as
spirituality
which of the following is stage two of the preconventional level of morality?
naïve hedonism orientation
according to Piaget, cognitive development as a movement outward from the self is ___
decentering
___ is a set of assumptions or understandings about the nature of our connections with others and the world in which we live
faith
mysticism is also known as
self-transcendent experience
according to Undersell, which of the following is stage two of mystical experience?
purification
according to the theory of gerotranscendence, one difference between young adulthood & midlife is that in young adulthood, people are focused on
career & family
according to Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, an individual who solves a moral dilemma and offers an explanation based on rules & expectations would be consistent with a ___ orientation
social order maintaining
in Fowler’s theory of faith development, an individual who believes that different beliefs may be true for different individuals is in the stage of ___ faith
conjunctive
Kegan theorizes that individuals have both a powerful and conflicting desire
connection & independence
according to the study on interactive effects of negative symptoms & suicide ideation
the desire for social closeness moderates the relationship between social role functioning & suicide
according to the study on multiple roles & psychological well-being
ppl who hold multiple social roles tend to have a higher well-being & higher self-efficacy
according to the study on the influence of different social roles on women
the goal of consumption is different depending on the activation of social roles
according to the study on the effects of gender on marketing combat sports
males have issues with female MMA advertisements
according to the study on individuals’ psych capital
some variables have more effect than others
according to the study on the transition from adolescent to later adulthood
culture shapes our identity
according to the study on age stereotypes on social role expectations
there is a positive relationship w/ wisdom & agreeableness & a negative relationship for other correlations
according to the study on personality & life satisfaction in China
an only child bears the weight of their family’s success
environment influences personality development
according to the study on parents’ perception of their relationship following the loss of a child
most parents say is strengthened their marriage
according to the study on temporary & long-term consequences of bereavement
losing a child has both short-term & long-term negative effects
grief does last
according to the study on mental disorders & the desire for death in cancer patients
69.5% have no desire for death
12.2% have genuine desire for death
no desire for death is linked w/ least distress
according to the study on death anxiety among New Zealanders
- marital status & gender predicts levels of death anxiety
- age isn’t a lone predictor
- lower levels of anxiety = cultural values
according to the study on social networking for relationship maintenance
long-distance relationships have higher social networking site usage & relational maintenance than geographically close relationships
according to the study on animal friendship bonds
the elderly-animal friendship bond has an equal number of males & females
according to the study on experiential gifts fostering stronger social relationships versus material gifts
those who get an experiential gift show a more positive change in relationship strength
according to the study on popularity at work
popularity is positively correlated with self-evaluation & career satisfaction
according to the study on muscle strength loss in old age
- retirement speeds up the age-related decline
- men suffer more negative consequences from retirement than women
according to the study on retirement being meaningful
most ppl associate retirement with negativity
according to the study on existential & virtuous effects of religiosity on mental health
religion helps with mental illness & aggression
according to the study on religiosity and social support
females scores higher for religiosity
according to the study on the perception of spiritual health in Iranian older adults
belief in God and religion is important for the salvation of mankind
according to the study on the development and testing of basic psychological needs
direct effects of psychological needs on the meaning of life are significant
