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intro to Chiro > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

Approximately ——— manipulations occur each year

A

250,000,000

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2
Q

Approximately what percentage of manipulation in the USA are performed by chiropractors

A

95%

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3
Q

True or false. Chiropractors receive more training in manipulation than any other provider type in the USA

A

True

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4
Q

Categories of injury

A

Benign (self-limiting)
Intermediate
Severe

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5
Q

Category of injury that is brief in duration, requiring no further assessment or treatment needed

A

Benign (self limiting)

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6
Q

Soreness of muscles, Local tenderness in the area of manipulation and Headache are examples of what category of injury?

A

Benign (self limiting)

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7
Q

Category of injury where symptoms are sustained beyond 48 hours, often requiring additional assessment or treatment focused on the complication

A

Intermediate

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8
Q

Nonspecific pain that radiates into an extremity (may resolve spontaneously or require additional
care), Sprain/strain to specific tissues that can be identified and Iatrogenic fracture are examples of what category of injury

A

Intermediate

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9
Q

In which category of injury do up to 50% of

patients have one or more symptom

A

Benign (self limiting)

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10
Q

Liberal estimate of percentage of patients that experience intermediate injury from manipulation

A

10%

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11
Q

Cauda equina syndrome, disc protrusion and vertebrobasilar stroke are examples of what category of injury from manipulation?

A

Severe

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12
Q

Incidence of cauda equina syndrome resulting from manipulation is estimated at?

A

1:100,000,000 to 1:128,000,000 manipulations

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13
Q

Incidence of disc protrusion resulting from manipulation is estimated at?

A

3-6:10,000,000

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14
Q

Vertebrobasilar artery dissection or thrombosis results in ———

A

Vertebrobasilar stroke

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15
Q

Of VBA dissection cases, chiropractors have performed manipulation proximate to the event what percentage of the time

A

about 55%

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16
Q

True or false. The risk of vertebrobasilar stroke is greater in patients having seen a chiropractor than it is in patients having seen a family practice MD.

A

False, there is NO difference in risk

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17
Q

True or false. Non-manipulation causes of VBA dissection are more common than manipulation-induced VBA dissection cases

A

True

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18
Q

the highest quality estimates suggest the incidence of Vertebrobasilar stroke caused by manipulation to be ————

A

1/ 2-3 million manipulations

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19
Q

The incidence of dissection or rupture of the aorta during lumbar spine manipulation is exceedingly rare at ———-

A

1:500,000 to 1:10,000,000

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20
Q

What percentage of chiropractic visits are pediatric patients?

A

17%

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21
Q

The cited complications to kids and manipulation include:

A
  • serious (e.g. subarachnoidal hemorrhage, paraplegia, missed neoplasm, missed meningitis)
  • minor (e.g. mid-back soreness)
  • moderate, requiring medical attention (e.g. severe headache)
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22
Q

What accounts for more cases than injury caused by manipulation?

A

Missed diagnoses

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23
Q

Chiropractor induced serious injury/death incident in pediatric patients is around?

A

58%

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24
Q

What percentage of pregnant women with LBP seek chiropractic care?

A

5.2 - 11%

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25
Q

True or false. All clinical trials involving manipulation for back pain in pregnant women demonstrated statistically significant benefit to patients

A

True

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26
Q

Arguments against chiropractors treating pregnant women include:

A
  • Chiropractors’ competency to adequately screen for complications and in general, to provide
    prenatal care
  • Substantially altered hormonal status
  • Ligamentous laxity secondary to hormonal effects
  • Hemodynamic variation from normal
  • Thrombophilia (thrombosis & thromboembolism) is a risk for manipulation in general
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27
Q

The most important source of jurisdictional control is?

A

The profession itself

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28
Q

Other influencers of jurisdictional control, other than the profession itself?

A
  • public at large
  • competitor professions
  • governmental/legislative bodies
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29
Q

True or false, because the Profession itself holds the greatest influence over the “prevailing viewpoint”, it is critical that the profession manage its factions (strata) of intra-professional claims?

A

True

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30
Q

What percentage of the profession subscribes to the “general problems tribe”?

A

17.1%

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31
Q

What percentage of the profession subscribes to the “biomechanical and general problems tribe”?

A

9.2%

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32
Q

What percentage of the profession subscribes to the “biomechanical and limited organic problems tribe”?

A

4.2%

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33
Q

What percentage of the profession subscribes to the “biomechanical tribe”?

A

43.1%

34
Q

What percentage of the profession subscribes to the “somatic dysfunction tribe”?

A

7.7%

35
Q

What percentage of the profession subscribes to the “chiropractic subluxation tribe”?

A

18.8%

36
Q

MSK/NMS/Spine related complaints comprise what percentage of the primary reasons patients visit chiropractors?

A

Over 80%

37
Q

the only group within chiropractic that is considered

“unorthodox”

A

Those who believe subluxation is an obstruction to human health

38
Q

expressing beliefs either inconsistent, or in conflict with current evidence and concepts in health care & public health is called?

A

Unorthodox

39
Q

What are considered unorthodox chiropractic views?

A
  • minimized role of scientific evidence in practice
  • Negative attitudes towards vaccination
  • Willingness to use X-rays outside generally accepted guidelines
40
Q

approximately what percentage of surveyed public considers chiropractors high or very high on
trustworthiness

A

38%

41
Q

True or false? The surveyed public considers chiropractors more trustworthiness than medicine and teachers.

A

False, chiropractors are considered less trustworthy

42
Q

True or false. Negative perceptions of chiropractic care are more common than negative perceptions of chiropractors?

A

True

43
Q

Which has a greater positive influence on DC utilization, perceptions of chiropractic care or perceptions of DCs

A

Perceptions of chiropractic care

44
Q

True or false. Most of the profession’s perceived shortcomings are either misconceptions or message
confusion emanating from the profession itself.

A

True

45
Q

Common themes of profession-generated misconceptions and message confusion are what?

A
  • failure of internal consensus
  • Fractured and inconsistent efforts to portray the profession as “one body with multiple strata”
  • Claims exceed evidence base supporting them
46
Q

Approximately what percentage of chiropractors are in solo practice

A

75%

47
Q

Approximately what percentage of the chiropractic profession is Caucasian/white

A

90%

48
Q

Approximately what percentage of DC’s identify as male

A

73%

49
Q

Approximately what percentage of the profession reports seeing greater than 150 patient visits per week, on average

A

10%

50
Q

The most common reported patient volume is between _____ and _____ patient visits per week on average

A

50-100

51
Q

Over 40% of surveyed practitioners report gross annual income of ________

A

$81,000- $200,000

52
Q

overhead runs between ____ and ____ of gross income

A

50-75%

53
Q

In 2009, approximately what percentage of practicing chiropractors hold staff privileges at a hospital and this has been trending up over time?

A

6.9%

54
Q

How many D C’s are employed to provide chiropractic care to active or retired military personnel?

A

100

55
Q

What percentage of DC’s treat patients 30-39 hours per week ?

A

Almost 50%

56
Q

What is the #1 priority of every state board?

A

protection of the public

57
Q

Boards are empowered to authorize practice through_____ and to restrict practice through ____ and ____ as well as through ____ ____ taken against individual licensees who fail to comply with the laws, rules and regulations pursuant to practice

A

licensure
rules and regulations
disciplinary actions

58
Q

True or false. Chiropractic boards can jail a doctor?

A

False, chiropractic boards cannot jail a doctor. They can only restrict, suspend or revoke a doctor’s license.

59
Q

True or false. Disciplinary actions of the board can limit the rights of the courts and police?

A

False, All courts can potentially have a crack at a bad doctor for the same offense, depending on the situation

60
Q

How many states consider chiropractors “physicians”? What other agency also considers the physicians?

A

32, Medicare

61
Q

Regarding diagnostic procedures allowed in various states, the most restrictive states were:

A

New Hampshire
Hawaii
Michigan

62
Q

All but how many states allow DC’s to order or perform venipuncture

A

All but 1

63
Q

PT modalities can be performed in all states except _____, where it can be ordered but not performed by a DC

A

Washington

64
Q

True or false, CT/MRI can be ordered or performed in all states?

A

True

65
Q

How many states allow DC’s to perform barium studies of the GI tract? How many prohibit it?

A

8 allow

11 prohibit

66
Q

How many states allow DC’s to sign birth certificates? Death certificates?

A

10 for birth certificates

19 for death certificates

67
Q

Which states prohibit performing an abdominal exam?

A

Michigan and Texas

68
Q

Which states prohibit EENT exam?

A

Michigan, Missouri, New Jersey and Texas

69
Q

Which states prohibits the use of a stethoscope by a DC?

A

Michigan

70
Q

How many states prohibit a DC from doing or ordering a female pelvic exam?

A

11

71
Q

Which states allows DCs to perform minor surgeries?

A

Oregon

72
Q

Which states allow vitamin injections?

A

Alabama, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Oklahoma, Tennessee

73
Q

True or false, all states allow diet formulation, vitamin supplementation & botanical therapies

A

True

74
Q

Which state prohibits DC’s to perform rehabilitation procedures?

A

Rhode Island

75
Q

Which states have the most liberal scopes of practice?

A 
Oregon & Missouri
New Mexico
Kansas
Utah
Oklahoma
Illinois
Alabama
76
Q

Which states have the most restrictive scopes of practice?

A 
New Hampshire
Hawaii
Michigan
New Jersey
Texas
Mississippi
77
Q

Which states allow DC to hire a MD, PA, NP and order the minor procedures done under their license (SC, SD, WA)

A

South Caroline
South Dakota
Washington

78
Q

How many states allow DCs to do veterinary chiropractic, but most require working in conjunction with a
veterinarian?

A

20

79
Q

How many states prohibit doing or ordering vaginal examination?

A

11

80
Q

How many states specifically prohibit performing a PAP test?

A

12

81
Q

Which state allows DC’s to order prescription medications with additional training?

A

New Mexico

intro to Chiro (2 decks)

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