FINAL

Question 1

Which causes is the soul for Aristotle

Answer 1

1. Efficient - principle activity of the body
2. Formal - it’s what makes us recognizeably human
3. Final - gives us our function

Question 2

Name 1 scholar who critiques human Ergon, 4 scholars who reject Aristotle’s golden mean/ virtue

Answer 2

1. Nagel

2. Owen flanagan, Keenan, Sidgwick, Louden

Question 3

How do the analogies of the divided line and the cave come together in Plato

Answer 3

imagination - tied up prisoners
perception - freed prisoners
reason - looking at the shadows outside of the cave
intelligence - contemplating the form of the good

Question 4

Curran on absolute moral norms

Answer 4

are reductionist of our human nature

Question 5

Cite an example of intuitionism in objective values

Answer 5

W.D. Ross’ prima facie principles - overridable by other moral principles
–> surely their rankings are based on his intuition

Question 6

How do non-cognitivists view intuition?

Answer 6

our pre-existing values and commitments

Question 7

According to Augustine why do we go against better judgement?

Answer 7

through ignorance, intellect misdirects will

Question 8

To augustine, how is conscience linked to god?

Answer 8

when we listen to our conscience, we hear the voice of god - see god as our witness
god implanted the knowledge of right conduct into human beings - being virtuous is not enough, we also need god’s grace

Question 9

according to augustine, why do people act in different ways?

Answer 9

there is one virtue (love) and what love demands varies according to situation

Question 10

what is the position of the hardline thomist view on conscience?

Answer 10

certain actions are intrinsically evil because they go against that it is to be human - here it is impossible to claim that someone’s conscience was calling them to act against these moral rules