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Nursing 101 > FINAL > Flashcards

FINAL Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 3 levels of prevention? What are they?

A
  • primary is prevention of INITIAL occurrence of disease or injury
  • secondary is EARLY identification and TREATMENT of disease or injury to limit disability
  • tertiary MAXIMIZES recovery AFTER an injury or illness
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2
Q

What is acute care?

A

provided in hospital settings

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3
Q

What is community based care?

A
  • ambulatory care
  • surgical centers
  • clinics
  • dr. offices
  • home
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4
Q

what is community health nursing?

A
  • defined by philosophy of practice
  • family centered care
  • a nursing specialty like OB
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5
Q

what does clinical judgment include?

A
  • holistic approach

- noticing, interpreting, responding, and reflecting

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6
Q

what are the four main factors that affect blood pressure?

A
  • peripheral resistance
  • vessel elasticity
  • blood volume
  • cardiac output
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7
Q

what can negatively affect your blood pressure?

A
  • lack of exercise
  • consuming too much alcohol
  • smoking
  • long term chronic stress
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8
Q

what is orthostatic hypertension?

A

the fall in blood pressure when a person stands

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9
Q

what are the four categories of infection?

A
  • parasitic
  • fungal
  • bacterial
  • viral
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10
Q

what is the infectious process?

A
  • incubation period
  • prodromal stage
  • illness stage
  • convalescence
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11
Q

what is the chain of infection?

A
  • pathogen
  • susceptible host
  • reservoir
  • portal of exit from reservoir
  • mode of transportation
  • portal of entry to susceptible host
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12
Q

what populations are at greatest risk for infection?

A
  • very young
  • poor
  • uninsured
  • residents of areas with prevalent infection
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13
Q

what are the principles of surgical asepsis?

A
  • A sterile object remains sterile only when touched by another sterile object
  • Only sterile objects may be placed on a sterile field
  • A sterile object or field out of range of vision or an object held below a person’s waist is contaminated
  • A sterile object or fields become contaminated by prolonged exposure to air
  • Sterile surface comes in contact with a wet, contaminated surface, the sterile object or field becomes contaminated by papillary action
  • Fluid flows in the direction of gravity
  • Edges of sterile field or container are considered contaminated
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14
Q

what is the order of donning?

A

hand hygiene, gown, mask, eyewear, gloves

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15
Q

what is the order of doffing?

A

gloves, eyewear, gown, mask, hand hygiene

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16
Q

what is the nursing process?

A
  • assessment
  • diagnosis
  • planning
  • implementation
  • elavuation
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17
Q

how do you write an actual nursing diagnosis?

A

diagnosis r/t etiology AMB s/s

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18
Q

what do you do if you make a mistake while documenting?

A

draw one line through it, initial, and date it

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19
Q

what is the only thing that you can document in?

A

black ink

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20
Q

1 kg = how many lbs

A

2.2 lbs

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21
Q

is this a correct test question answer? .75 cm

A
  • no
  • should have a 0 in front
  • 0.75 cm
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22
Q

milligrams to micrograms to grams

A

1 gram = 1,000 mg = 1,000,000 mcg

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23
Q

teaspoons to mL

A

1 tsp = 5 mL

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24
Q

tablespoons to mL

A

1 T = 15 mL

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25
Q

teaspoons to tablespoons

A

3 tsp = 1 T

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26
Q

cups to ounces to milliliters

A

1 cup = 8 oz = 240 mL

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27
Q

The order is for 50 mg. The pharmacy sends 25 mg tablets. How many will the nurse give?

A

2 tablets

28
Q

The order is for 1.2 gram. The pharmacy sends 0.4 gram tablets. How many tablets will the nurse give?

A

3 tablets

29
Q

what are BADLs?

A

basic activities of daily living

30
Q

what are IADLs?

A

instrumental activities of daily living

31
Q

what is QSEN?

A

quality and safety education for nurses to minimize the risk of harm to patients and providers

32
Q

what is the most important way to prevent the spread of disease?

A

hand washing

33
Q

what is the 8th leading cause of death?

A

medication errors

34
Q

what does RACE stand for?

A

rescue, alarm, confine, and extinguish

35
Q

what does PASS stand for?

A

pull, aim, squeeze, and spray

36
Q

how long is the sleep cycle?

A

90 to 100 minutes

37
Q

what is shear?

A
  • when a patient slides down in bed

- caused by friction

38
Q

how often do you turn someone that is on bed rest?

A

q 2 hrs

39
Q

what is constipation? diarrhea? flatulence? impaction? incontinence?

A
  • hard, dry, small stools
  • several times as liquid
  • excessive painful gas
  • extreme constipation
  • inability to control passage of feces and urine
40
Q

what are hemorrhoids?

A

dilated engorged veins in the lining of the rectum

41
Q

what is the most common HAI? what is it caused by?

A
  • UTIs

- catheterizations

42
Q

what is urinary retention? stress incontinence? urge incontinence? transient?

A
  • accumulation of urine due to the inability to empty bladder
  • sneezing and coughing causes urine to leak out
  • all of a sudden you have a strong urge to urinate
  • an acute incontinence that comes and goes
43
Q

what is culture? ethnicity? race?

A
  • learned and provides direction for decisions and actions
  • a group of people based off of their heritage
  • biological attributes
44
Q

what is an example of enculturation?

A

transfer student from another country learning norms of America

45
Q

what is an example of acculturation?

A

immigrant from China develops a love for western foods and music

46
Q

ethnocentrism example?

A

white supremacy

47
Q

what is the gate control theory of pain?

A

that pain has emotional and cognitive components as well as physical

48
Q

acute pain

A

new onset with cause

49
Q

chronic pain

A
  • slow onset without cause

- longer than 3 months

50
Q

what are the side effects of opioids?

A
  • constipation
  • nausea
  • vomiting
  • urinary retention
  • altered renal function
  • itch/rash
  • dry mouth
  • respiratory depression
51
Q

what is Lewin’s change model?

A
  • unfreezing is to create an awareness of the changes that needs to be made
  • changing is to make the change
  • refreezing is to solidify the changes
52
Q

what is healthy people 2020’s and what does it do?

A
  • health promotion and disease prevention strategy for the nation
  • guide individuals toward making informed health decisions
  • measure the impact of prevention activities
53
Q

what are the overarching goals of healthy people 2020?

A
  • Attain high-quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death.
  • Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups.
  • Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all.
  • Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life stages.
54
Q

what is a health promotion?

A
  • used to make an already well person feel better

- example is eye glasses

55
Q

What is primary care?

A

preventative care

56
Q

what is secondary and tertiary care?

A
  • acute care

- diagnosis and treatment

57
Q

what is restorative care? what are 3 types?

A
  • serves patients recovering from an acute or chronic illness/disability
  • home care
  • rehabilitation
  • extended care in a facility like a rehab facility or nursing facility
58
Q

what is assisted living?

A
  • a long term care setting with a home environment
  • services include laundry, meals, personal care, housekeeping, and 24 hour oversight
  • allows residents to live in their own units
59
Q

what is respite care?

A
  • provides a short term relief for persons providing home care to an ill older adult
  • settings can be home, day care, or health care instituition
  • trained volunteers allow family caregivers to leave the home to run errands or social time
60
Q

what is an adult day care center?

A
  • -provide health and social services to populations who live in the community
  • services can include daily physical rehabilitation and counseling
61
Q

what is hospice?

A
  • focuses on palliative care
  • can be provided at home, in a homelike setting, or hospital
  • during terminal illness and time of death
62
Q

what is palliative care?

A
  • not curative

- comfort, independence, and dignity

63
Q

stereotypes of older adults?

A
  • ill, disabled, and unattractive
  • forgetful, confused, boring
  • unable to learn new things
  • not interested in sex
64
Q

developmental tasks for older adults?

A
  • death of friends and family
  • retirement and reduced or fixed income
  • changes in quality of life or living arrangements
  • failing health
65
Q

what is delirium? dementia? depression?

A
  • acute confusional state
  • generalized impairment of intellectual functioning
  • a mood disturbance characterized by feelings of sadness and despair
66
Q

what impact does technology have on nursing?

A

-it does not take the place of sound personal judgment

Nursing 101 (7 decks)

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