Final Flashcards
dendrochronology
history of counting tree ring
the plague of justinian
caused death, animals moving, uncleanliness
Borobudur
- 9th century
- Statue of Buddha in Java, Indonesia (Buddha temple)
- Buddhism in India has the less amount of those who practice
Constantine “the Great”
(r. 306-337)
- Post-classical age is the age of religion
- Is at war with the other half of empire
- After winning the war he legalizes Christianity
- Used Christianity as a unifying force of the Roman empire
- Christianity replacing the Roman empire
Council of Nicea
325 C.E.
- At the time of the Holy Trinity
- “pledging the allegiance” to Roman Christianity
Edict of Theodossius
380 C.E.
- If you want to be Roman you have to be Christian
- you can’t be anything but its illegal
The Prophet Muhammad
(570 – 632 C.E.)
- Merchant, relations with an older woman also business partner
- Recited versus after coming across a figure in the desert
- Listened to the revelation - people of the book
This took place when the Roman empire had exhausted themselves no money, no people
Shari’iah
Tort
- Theft
- Fornication
- Drunkenness
- False witness
- Highway robbery
- blastamy
The Hajj
in Mecca, Muslims must make at least one trip throughout their lifetime
North Arabian Saddle
fits best for 2 humps
One Lump or Two?
One: survive best in hot and dry climates - Middle East
Two: survive best in cold and dry climates - Central Asia
Technological Revolution of the Middle Ages
The Shariah, Sufism, camels, Hajj, North Arabian saddle
Three-field Rotation
Use 2 field give one a break to nurture soil this does not slow down crop production
Moldboard Plow
Attached to medieval harness this works for agriculture
Medieval Harness
Pairs with moldboard plow does not choke animals
Worn like a necklace can pull plows
The Blast Furnace
Oxygen and carbon in this furnace helps produce steel in an effective, economic way operated like a butter mill
The Grand Canal
Man made
almost 1,000 miles long
in china
during the sui dynasty
“Arabic Numerals”
has a zero - used for complicated math
- started in India later developed by others
al-Khwarazmi
used Arabic numerals to figure out spherical trigonometry - problem: pray in the direction of mecca
Paper
Extremely cheap
Spreads fast - radical implications
The University
12th century Europe studying communications
- 7 liberal arts (free): Triuium: grammar, rhedric, logic
- Quadriuium: music, physics, geometry, aritmetric
the Stirrup
one of two innovations, for the foot to help guide the horse
Compound Bow
Can penetrate armor, can shoot 2000 yards,
- Once every 68 seconds more effective than a musket
The Yasa
laws: 1. No more bride stealing 2. No more enslavement of any Mongols 3. All children legitimate whether by concubine or wife 4. No more livestock theft 5. Absolute religions tolerance temple or clergy of all faith free from taxations
Pax Mongolica
Karakorum - popular for merchants - gave 5x asking price lead to the largest free trade zone
- No more borders or taxes
proselytizing religion
recruiting other people as part of their religion
- my religion is the best join it
Xuanzang
d. 663 CE
voyage to the west brought more than 600 Sanskrit’s texts, 22 horses loaded with relics, paraphernalia 1,300 texts translated (Buddhism to Chinese)
Nestorian Christian Stele
8th century
tablet in the tang dynasty
early christianity in china
The people of the Book
people who follow the bible
under islamic rule
christian and jews could practice freely but could bend the rules like trade
Beijing
Mongols declared this city the capital
Rashid al-Din’s Jam’ at-Tewarikh
1316
- One of the four global thinkers of post Mongol Islam
- Academic guys created/wrote history
- Converted text to Islam history of everything (religion)
Ibn Battuta
(1304-1368)
- One of the four global thinkers of post Mongol Islam
- Academic guys created/wrote history
- Travel writer, documented diversity of Muslim community
Marco Polo
1254-1324
- Known as the Christian Ibn Battuta
- people were finding a way to get to China the Americas