final

Question 1

In What ways has Marine Le Pen transformed the National Front Party?

Answer 1

• toned down anti semitism
• abandoned chauvanism and homophobia
• abandoned laissez faire capitalism
• new campoaign technology
• targets young and female voters

Question 2

What are some of the factors that may contibute to the National Front’s opportubnity for greater influence?

Answer 2

• High unemployment (especially for youth)
• public debt at 95%
• economy growing very very slowly (.4%)
• Concerns over immigration/islamic exrtremism.
• concerns of decay of natural culture and fam values

Question 3

What is the comintern?

Answer 3

was a russian communist financing group that helped communist nations take off (mao was supported by the comintern)

Question 4

Phase 1 of the CPC?

Answer 4

1947-1957 underr Mao:

• Wants to repay Russia for assistance
• Helps fight in Korean war (for soviets)
• Creates an Elite Communist Party
• Puts focus on Heavy industrial goods
• Creates state and collective farms.

Question 5

What transpired to cause CPC to go from Phase 1 to Phase 2?

Answer 5

Mao wanted nukes and needed soviet help, but the Soviets denied them so Mao broke away…

Question 6

Phase 2 of the CPC what happened and wat was it AKA

Answer 6

aka “the great leap forward”: 1958-1976

• Mao developed idea of a “permanent revolution”
• Developed all industries so that it could be for everybody and not just a few.
• Decentralization, wanted local governments to have more power.
• get rid of state and collectyive farms and make “communes” for the village communities.
• keeps control of elite party.
• “Cuultural Revolution” idea of 1965/red guards sent to clear out dissenters and sends them to reeducation camps.
• economy gets fucked up by the end of the phase and USSR becomes a threat to china.

Question 7

How did china go from phase 2 to phgase 3?

Answer 7

Economy was in shambles and the USSr posed a threat to communist china. They called on the help of the USA.

Question 8

Phase 3 of the cpc?

Answer 8

• Deng Xiaping elected: “the father of modern day china.
• creates the “Vanguard of the Proletariat”
• Economical changes: encouraged people to enrich themselves.
• merit system allowing for material incentives to be given for work performed.
• privatized small businesses
• allowd for buying of private goods.
• established a dual track pricing system**
• Special economic zones established for foreign investment.
• Education reform (sending students overseas and investing in them to return as engineers and such).
• collectively owned industries(owned by work force) are allowed to sell surplus goods privately for profit.

Question 9

What is a dual track pricing system?

Answer 9

The state sets a quota for a producer to make.
They establish a price with which the good will be bought.
If a surplus is created , the producer can sell the remaining at market price.
Thus creating an incentive for producers.

Question 10

How did Mao differ from Marx/Lenin in implementing a communist system?

Answer 10

• China did not have a capitalist phase and did not need one either to initiate class struggle.
• PEASANTS are the revolutionary class, not the workers, peasants initiate class struggle.
• cities are not the site of progress, the countryside is. (cities are parisitic).
• must have the idea of “Permanent Revolution”
• no vanguard of the proletariat,

Question 11

Perm Revol

Answer 11

the idea of wiping out those who accrue power every 10 years or so to keep commnism fresh.

Question 12

cultural revolution?

Answer 12

1965, Mao doing his perm rev thing by going after all the intellectuals/party leaders via the Red Guards who Mao thought were enjoying their power too much,

Question 13

What was the Congress of Berlin?

Answer 13

Where Europeans/colonial powers sat to gteher and drew up who got what of Balkan nations,.

Question 14

Major political characteristics of an LDC

Answer 14

1. Weak state structures/no legitimacy because of being ARTIFICIAL AND NOT HAVING A HISTORY(A-HISTORICAL)
2. Weak Bureaucracy. difficulty extracting resources froom citizens outside cities.
3. Repressive measures taken against those who deny legitimacy of system.
4. high levels of Corruption.
5. lots of UNREST (food riots and such)
6. Frequent government turnover.

Question 15

Major social structures in LDCs

Answer 15

1. Rigid class structure because of closed elite system..
2. Ascription. When jobs hire individuals not because of qualifications or merit but because they are tried via family/tribe/caste.
3. men rule the country aka PAtriarchy.
4. High population growth. the more kids, the better off u will be and the more socio econ and poli power u will have,.
5. Dual culture. The masses and the elite make up the LDCs and the elite are socialized and receive western educations. They bring this culture back to and cause culture clashing.
6. illiteracy..
7. Tribalism mentality.–loyalty to tribe and not nation state.

Question 16

major economic characteristics of ldcs.

Answer 16

1. Law of uneven development: a developed country wants the resources of an LDC. they buy it cheap. make an expensive product and sell it back to the LDC.
2. Monoculture meaning they only produce one or a few goods and can be easily fucked up by market fluctuations.
3. Rapid industrialization.
4. Capital flight: when the elite of an LDC pull their money from the national economy.
5. large black market….tax revenue non existent because of black market.
6. total depndence on foreign technology.
7. insnae national debt due to dependence on foreign tech.

Question 17

Explain the international debt crisis:

Answer 17

• 1973, US supports a war between israel and egypt result ibn OPEC to embargo oil.
• LDCs suffer the most from this because they now have to borrow money to get the oil.
• money borrowed was on VARIABLE INTEREST RATE from western banks.
• 1979 a second oil crisis occurs due to Iranian revolution.
• Massive inflation is occurring causing banks to need to increase interest rates to reduce money supply.
• The LDCs interest rates sky rocketed and debt went up to boot.
• Reagen had to bail out a bunch of these banks because they werent being paid back and allowed the countries that borrowed to pay at a lower interest rate but for a longer period of time .

Question 18

What is a multinational corporation?

Answer 18

is a corporate organization that owns or controls the prodction of good or services in multiple countries.

Question 19

What are the advantages for hjaving a multinaTIONal corp in an LDC?

Answer 19

1. Provides jobs.
2. Develops infrastructure.
3. Stimulates local economy.
4. Provides new technologies.
5. New management techniques.
6. generates tax revenue for the country,.

Question 20

What are the disadvantages for hjaving a multinaTIONal corp in an LDC?

Answer 20

1. Low pay
2. poor work conditions.
3. profit is repatriated meaning it goes back to home country usually.
4. provide only low level positions for natives
5. negative impact on local business.
6. meddle in politics.
7. corruption.
8. povertyy and overpopulation (not sure how this applies)

Question 21

What is the fourth world?

Answer 21

A country that has experienced 35 consecutive years of economic decline.

Question 22

What is the Political Elite Theory

Answer 22

The theory that in ALL SOCIETIES, there exist a few people who rule all people. or, in every society, there is an elite group that runs the society.

Question 23

What did Mosco contribute to the elite theory?

Answer 23

1. there are elites in every system,.
2. the thing that makes the elite will vary and includes wealth, religion, bloodline, military, or party.
3. The elites must have a moral and legal justification for being in charge which results in the political ideology.
4. must have an open elite.
5. the state is the “instrument of the elites”.

Question 24

What did Pereto contribute to the elite theory?

Answer 24

1. the idea of a governing and and non governing and that these tweo groups rotate and shift power.
2. the elite are essential and provide order to the state and society.

Question 25

What are the values that all power elite of america share?

Answer 25

1. economic structure (capitalism)
2. Political structure (Democracy)
3. Believe in the “rule of law”
4. Believe in a limited welfare state.
5. believe in limited government.