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Ortho > final > Flashcards

final Flashcards

1
Q

Which is true of hyaline cartilage?

A

No other substance can replace it (natural or synthetic)

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2
Q

Can any other substance replace hyaline cartilage?

A

No

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3
Q

Aggrecans resist what?

A

Resist compressive forces

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4
Q

MMP 13?

A

Degrades fibrillar collagen

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5
Q

Which injury does not use extrinsic repair?

A

partial thickness defect

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6
Q

when diagnosing osteoarthritis, what diagnostics do you want to do and in what order?

A

Physical exam, local anesthesia, then radiographs

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7
Q

What is true regarding medical treatment of osteoarthritis?

A

Corticosteroids can be used if used appropriately

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8
Q

Can you use corticosteroids for treating OA?

A

Yes

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9
Q

Young horse with chip fracture – what is best treatment option

A

fragment removal

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10
Q

Foal presents with effusion in L forelimb and L hindlimb. Painful on palpation. How would you treat

A

a. Broad spectrum antibiotics (assuming septic arthritis)

b. Immunosuppressants (assuming polyarthritis)- this is what I picked bc it was multiple joints but I’m not 100%

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11
Q

Which synovial fluid analysis is consistent with septic arthritis?

A 
WBC 45,000
92% neutrophils
degenerate neutrophils
no bacteria on cytology
TP 3.2
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12
Q

What is the best treatment option for septic arthritis?

A

Treat immediately with broad spectrum antibiotics, synovial lavage, and something else

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13
Q

A positive ortolani test is when a clunk or thunk is heard when the femoral head displaces from the acetabulum. T/F?

A

False

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14
Q

What procedure is contraindicated in an older old with severe degenerative radiographic changes due to hip dysplasia

A

Triple pelvic osteotomy

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15
Q

What is the ideal age for juvenile pubic symphysiodesis?

A

12-20 Weeks

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16
Q

What is the best treatment option for a 6yr old Lab with severe degenerative changes to the hip?

A

Total hip replacement - Better chance of return to function compared to FHO in large dog

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17
Q
  1. Most hip luxations occur
A

craniodorsally

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18
Q

Cranial cruciate ligament functions to resist

A

Cranial translation of the tibia relative to the femur

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19
Q

Meniscal injury commonly occurs after CCL rupture. T/F?

A

True

20
Q

In surgical repair of cranial cruciate ligament rupture, what bone gets the osteotomy?

A

Tibia

21
Q

What is true regarding patellar luxations?

A

Medial more common than lateral

22
Q

Give the MPL grade: patients patellas are sitting in trochlear groove when standing on exam table, you can manually luxate them medially and they don’t spontaneously reduce

A

Grade II

23
Q

Best treatment for subchondral defect on caudal aspect of humeral head and prognosis

A

Cartilage flap excision; excellent prognosis

24
Q

In 7 mo old German shepherd with UAP what is the likely treatment option

A

Distal ulnar diaphyseal osteotomy

In the notes it says Proximal Diaphyseal ulnar osteotomy

25
Q

Pathogenesis of FCP

A

Repetitive loading causing fatigue microdamage

26
Q

Panosteitis occurs at the physeal and epiphyseal ends of bones and is typically self-resolving. T/F?

A

False- diaphyseal pain

27
Q

An animal presenting with internal rotation of the limb, abduction of the elbow and painful non-weight bearing lameness likely has infraspinatus contracture. T/F?

A

False

28
Q

Regarding medial scapulohumeral luxations which is true

A

Joint arthrodesis may be the best option when the integrity of the glenoid cavity is compromised.

Wrong answers included lateral transposition of the biceps tendon, that it is congenital bc it presents in animals <12 months

29
Q

With bicipital tenosynovitis, what is a viable treatment option if medical management isn’t working

A

Transection/release of the tendon

30
Q

Which is true regarding elbow luxations

A

It may be hard to diagnose from a lateral radiograph -

Need orthogonal view

31
Q

Which is true regarding angular limb deformities in the dog

A

Distal ulnar physis can close prematurely with Salter Harris V fracture

32
Q

OCD lesions in the tarsus of the horse most commonly occur on the proximal portion of the tallus. T/F?

A

False

33
Q

In which case would arthroscopy not be preferable to conservative management in these horses with osteochondrosis

A

a. Skeletally mature horse about to start athletic training
b. Young foal with no appreciable lameness (this is correct- nonsurgical management can be used)
c. 2 yr old with effusion but no radiographic findings

34
Q

Images of horse- asking the deformity

A

Angular limb deformity; bilateral carpal varus

35
Q

Same images- horse is 1 yr old and varus- what is the most appropriate treatment option

A

Transphyseal bridging on the lateral side of the distal radius
Transphyseal bridging = growth retardation FYI

36
Q

Horse with digital hyperextension. What treatment option would you choose

A

Heel extension and controlled exercise to build strength

Note- heel elevation was also a choice with bandaging and is incorrect

37
Q

Majority of lameness occurs in the forelimbs because..

A

Of their role in shock absorption

Not: that they bear 80% of the weight or have propulsive role

38
Q

Horse presents with lameness on R forelimb. Lameness is worsened when horse is circled clockwise, but improved with low palmar digital nerve block. Likely dx?

A

Palmar foot pain (this is navicular syndrome)

39
Q

Treatment for type 3 P3 fracture

A

lag screw fixation

40
Q

Horse presented with effusion in R forelimb MCPJ (fetlock). With IA block the horse was no longer lame on R forelimb, but is now lame on L forelimb. There is nothing obvious on radiographs. What are you likely to see on MRI?

A

a. Incomplete sagittal fracture of proximal first phalanx
b. Non-displaced fracture of second phalanx
– I know blocking is not ideal in second phalanx fractures- this may be the answer but I know they occur more commonly in the hindlimb so I’m not sure

41
Q

Image with lateral condylar fx and medial condylar fracture side by side (the one from notes). Asked to describe the picture on the left, then the picture on the right

A

Lateral condylar fracture of the metacarpus; medial condylar fracture of the metatarsus

42
Q

Treatment for performance horse with incomplete dorsocortical fracture that is not resolving with medical therapy

A

Osteostixis, rest and then return to training

Other options included osteostixis and unicortical screw without rest, or unicortical screw on its own with rest which we know is for complete fx

43
Q

Carpus is painful on flexion in horse. Effusion in middle carpal joint, also mild effusion in radiocarpal joint. Where is a possible location for osteochondral fragment in this horse?

A

Proximal radiocarpal bone

Other answers included distal ulnar carpal bone, intermediate facet of the 2nd carpal bone, distal portion of intermediate carpal bone

44
Q

How would you perform facilitated ankylosis in the tarsus (osteoarthritis) if the DIT and PIT are communicating

A

Osteostixis

45
Q

In a horse with upward fixation of the patella you choose to do a medial patellar ligament desmotomy. What is a common complication

A

Chondromalacia of the patella and patellar fragmentation

–this was in a section that she told us would not be covered on the exam- surprise

Ortho (3 decks)

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