Final Flashcards
In humans the basic unit of structure and function is the
Cell
The principal parts of the cell include
The cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus
The outermost layer of the skin is the
Epidermis
An itchy swollen lesion such as an insect bite that lasts only a few hours
A wheal
Associated with excessive oiliness and a chronic inflammatory condition of the cheeks and nose
Rosacea
The least malignant and most common type of skin cancer is
Basal cell carcinoma
Malignant melanoma has five warning signs ABCDE
Asymmetry, borders, color, diameter, elevation
The 5 main functions of the skeletal system are
1)framework to support body structures
2) protects organs and tissues
3) attachments for muscles
4) manufacture blood cells in red bone marrow
5 store minerals like calcium phosphate and carbonate, magnesium and sodium
Bones that include those of the legs armed fingers and toes
Long
Inside long bones and consists of irregularly shaped spaces defined by thin, bony plates
Spongy bone
Consists of the ribs and sternum
Thoracic cage
Another term for synovial joints
Diarthrotic
The skeletal muscular system consists of over ____ large and small muscles
600
There are three types of muscle tissue, striated or ______, non-striated or ______, and the heart or ______ which is the only of its type.
Voluntary, involuntary, cardiac
Muscles controlled by the autonomic nervous system
Smooth
The capacity of muscles to receive and react to stimuli.
Irritability
the more mobile attachment of a muscle to bone
Insertion of a muscle
An enlargement of muscle breadth as a result of repeated forceful muscle activity
Hypertrophy
Another term for the circulatory system is
Vascular system
The heart is enclosed in a double layered membrane called the
Pericardium
The _____ valve, which is between the left atrium and ventricle, allows blood to flow only from the left atrium into the left ventricle
Bicuspid
_____ causes the body to make antibodies and T-cells directed against its own cells.
Autoimmune disease
The brain stem includes all of the following:
The medulla oblong at a, midbrain, and pons
The _____ nervous system regulates the actions of glands, smooth muscles, and heart.
Autonomic
A chemical that sends a nerve signal across a synapse
Neurotransmitter
Nerve that carries impulses toward the spinal cord and the brain
Afferent
The chemical substances manufactured by the endocrine glands
Hormones
The adrenal, pituitary, and thyroid are all important ______ glands
Endocrine
The endocrine glad known as the master gland
Pituitary
Epinephrine and norepinephrine are known as the “______” hormones
Fight or flight
The exchange between the external environment and the blood that occurs in the lungs
External
During respiration, the blood entering the lungs through the pulmonary arteries has a high concentration of
Carbon dioxide
With each inhalation, the _____ muscles contract, raising the ribs and expanding the thoracic cavity
Intercostal
The digestive system is composed of the _______ and accessory digestive organs.
Alimentary canal
The main function of the digestive system are digestion and
Absorption
The kidneys produce the hormone _____, which acts to regulate blood pressure.
Renin
The function of the excretory system is to eliminate or excrete _______ and undigested food from the body.
Metabolic waste
Region between the elbow and shoulder
Brachial
Region of the head
Temporal
Region of the armpit
Axillary
A diamond shaped area behind the knee joint
Popliteal
Region of the abdomen
Epigastric
Region of the knees and knee cap
Patellar
Slightly movable joint
Amphiarthrotic
Freely movable joint
Diarthrotic
Joints that are immovable
Synarthrotic
Farthest from the center
Distal
Pertaining to the middle
Medial
Toward the side
Lateral
Closer to the origin
Proximal
Toward the top
Superior
Toward the front
Anterior
Toward the feet or under
Inferior
Toward the back
Posterior
Closed fracture
Simple
Broken in several pieces
Comminuted
Hairline fracture
Green stick
Open fracture
Compound fracture
