Chapter 4

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

The study of the gross structure of the body and the interrelations of its parts

Question 2

Physiology

Answer 2

The science and study of vital processes, mechanisms, and functions of an organ or system

Question 3

Kinesiology

Answer 3

The scientific study of muscular activity and the anatomy, physiology, and mechanics of body movement

Question 4

Pathology

Answer 4

The study of the structural and functional changes caused by disease

Question 5

Homeostasis

Answer 5

The internal balance of the body

Question 6

Disease

Answer 6

An abnormal and unhealthy state of all or part of the body wherein it is incapable of carrying on its normal function

Question 7

Symptom

Answer 7

Subjective evidence of disease or bodily disorder

Question 8

Stress

Answer 8

Any psychological or physical situation or condition that causes tension or strain

Question 9

Adrenal glands

Answer 9

Situated on the top of each kidney, produce epinephrine, norepinephrine, and corticosteroids

Question 10

Atherosclerosis

Answer 10

Characterized by an accumulation of fatty deposits on the inner walls of the arteries

Question 11

Pain

Answer 11

The result of stimulation of specialized nerve endings called nociceptors. It has a primarily protective function in that it warns of tissue damage or destruction somewhere in the body.

Question 12

Ischemia

Answer 12

Localized tissue anemia caused by obstruction of the inflow of blood

Question 13

Bacteria

Answer 13

Minute, unicellular organisms exhibiting both plant and animal characteristics and are classified as either harmless or harmful.

Question 14

Virus

Answer 14

Any class of submicroscopic pathogenic agents that transmit disease

Question 15

Fungus

Answer 15

A diverse group of organisms potentially capable of causing disease that thrive or grow in wet or damp areas and live by absorbing nutrients from organic matter

Question 16

Parasite

Answer 16

An organism that can potentially cause disease that exists and functions at the expense of a host organism without contributing to the survival of the host

Question 17

Local infection

Answer 17

Invading organisms confined to a small area of the body

Question 18

Systemic infection

Answer 18

Invading organisms that have spread through out the body

Question 19

Inflammation

Answer 19

A protective tissue response characterized by swelling, redness, heat, and pain

Question 20

Fever

Answer 20

An elevated body temperature

Question 21

Scar

Answer 21

A dense fibrous tissue that forms as an injury, wound, burn, or sore heals.

Question 22

Wellness

Answer 22

A concept where people take personal responsibility for their own physical, emotional, mental, and spiritual state of health.