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Health Behavior > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

Mediational Assumption of IMB model

A

Information and motivation are mediated by behaviour skills. But can also have an independant influence on behavior

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2
Q

3 processes in the IMB model

A

Elicitation research
Intervention development
Evaluation

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3
Q

Elicitation research

A

Open-ended data collection to identify knowledge gaps, evaluate, motivations and then tailor an intervention to the target pop’s needs

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4
Q

Information

A

Necessary but not sufficient for behavior change. Knowledge-prevention link in all groups except IVDU`

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5
Q

Motivation

A

Attitudes and subjective norms combine to influence behavioural intention, and in turn behavior

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6
Q

Attitude

A

(Belief of consequences of behavior) x (evaluation of those outcomes)

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7
Q

Subjective Norms

A

(perceptions of others wishes) x (motivation to comply)

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8
Q

Attiudinal Change

A

Alter the person’s beliefs of possible outcomes of behavior, or change the value they place on the outcomes

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9
Q

Normative Chnage

A

Change perceptions of normative support, or change motivation to comply with referrants

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10
Q

Behavioural Skills

A

Preventative practices activated only by information and motivation. Integration of actual skill and self-efficacy

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11
Q

Amount of teens who do not regularly use contraception

A

1/2–> People suggest LARC for them but they can cause complications like infertility

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12
Q

% of abortions that are repeated

A

38-45%

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13
Q

Amount of western girls who are unvaccinated for HPV

A

1/2

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14
Q

Sexual Dyfunction

A

Problems with pain or experiencing no pleasure, the UN and health promotion recognize pleasure as important to health

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15
Q

Life Windows

A

Successful IMB model for adherence to antiretrovirals

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16
Q

HIV treatment

A

Biomedical model dominated over psychological/educational factors that can be addressed. Too much medical treatment, not enough SDOH oriented prevention

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17
Q

Reproductive Health Behavior Sequence

A

Self acceptance of sexuality
Create personal sexual and reproductive health agenda
Bring up prevention and unsafe sex practices
Public preventative or enhancement acts
Consistent preventative practice with your partner

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18
Q

sexualityandu.ca

A

Fischer made it. Address need for sustainable and affordable interventions. Not good but its something.

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19
Q

Exhortation

A

Communicating by emphatically encouraging someone to do something. Information- focused interventions.

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20
Q

Gay men AIDS BEHAVIOR

A

Modify risky sexual behavior. Influence IMB constructs for best effect. Workshops and seminars

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21
Q

IVDU AIDS BEHAVIOR

A

Elicitation research is lacking due to reliance on self-report data. Stress reduction and needle exchange. Information to protect their partner from transmission

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22
Q

Female Prostitutes AIDS BEHAVIOR

A

Nairobi trial used testing and AIDS education to reduce risk

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23
Q

STD patients AIDS BEHAVIOR

A

Motivate condom use with favorable knowledge and attitudes. Eroticize condom use

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24
Q

Adolescents AIDS BEHAVIOR

A

Conceptually developed interventions without elicitation research. Lack of social support could be a barrier for teen runaways

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25
Q

Uni Students AIDS BEHAVIOR

A

No elicitation research. Information focussed interventions as opposed to IMB influence. Lack of experimental design makes it hard to attribute behavior change to intervention

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26
Q

General public AIDS BEHAVIOR

A

Informal and rare elicitation research. Primarily informational, mixed results

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27
Q

Dissemination and implementation

A

Active spreading of evidence based materials to a specific audience. DOI is most popular dissemination and implementation model

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28
Q

Who developed DOI

A

Mid west sociologists to study spread of hybrid corn seed in farmers

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29
Q

4 elements of the DOI

A

Innovation
Communication Channels
Time
Social System

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30
Q

Diffusion

A

New idea or practice that filters through channels, passively over time

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31
Q

3 factors in the newness of an Innovation

A

New knowledge
Persuasion influenced by others
Change in attitude effecting decision to adopt

32
Q

Attributes of a “likely to adopt” innovation

A 
Perceived advantage** most important
Compatibility with needs of pop
Demonstrability to others
Clarity of results
Complexity, cost, reversibility
Pervasiveness
33
Q

3 types of innovation

A

Incremental–> small changes
Distinctive–> Improvement but old tech, and approach
Breakthrough–> New tech and approach

34
Q

3 types of Communication Channels

A

Mass media
Interactive–> social media
Interpersonal–> Relationships affecting attitude

35
Q

DOI time

A

Interval between awareness of idea and actually adopting it

36
Q

Adopter categories

A

Innovators (2.5%)
Early adopters (13.5%)
Late majority (34%)
Laggards (16%)

37
Q

Adoption rate

A

S-shaped curve. Slow rise with innovators, step increase with late majority until a plateau

38
Q

Innovation Decision Process

A 
Awareness--> exposure and understanding
Persuasion--> attitude formation
Decision
Implementation--> behaviour change 
Confirmation--> seek reinforcement for change
39
Q

Homophily

A

People in society connected by a common goal. Innovations spread faster through similar groups

40
Q

Change Agent

A

People who motivate adopters decision favorably

41
Q

Opinion leader

A

Influential people in community that sway beliefs and actions either positively or negatively

42
Q

3 ways to speed diffusion

A

Promote perceived relative advantage
Change social norms by activating peer networks
Utilize champions to promote innovation

43
Q

4 limitations of DOI

A

No true innovations in health
Often designed for low SES, low literacy –> hard to adopt
PH is preventative, must adopt today
Adoption is rarely linear

44
Q

Pro-Innovation Bias

A

Rapid diffusion and adoption by all members of society with no rejection or reinvention–> this is impossible for many health objectives (smoking)

45
Q

Pool Cool

A

DOI for skin cancer prevention in kids/parents. Theory driven, intensive diffusion strategies have a positive effect on implementation and maintenance

46
Q

Social Marketing

A

Use of commercial strategies to help population acquire a health behavior. Popular in government and not-for-profit. Used for positive and negative health behaviors

47
Q

Aim of SM

A

Generate demand for a class of behavior by influencing attitudes and priorities. Change behavior’s with social implications

48
Q

SM development

A

1960s India, to promote family planning and condom use

49
Q

Exchange Theory

A

Exchanges by parties to create social change. Transactions must be beneficial and stress appeal of behavior.

50
Q

8 Ps of Marketing Mix

A 
Product
Price
Place--> where it is performed/exposure to message
Promotion--> communication method
Public--> primary/secondary
Partnership
Policy--> environmental support to sustain change 
Purse strings
51
Q

Weinreich 5 steps of SM

A 
Planning 
Message/material development 
Pre testing 
Implementation 
Evaluation
52
Q

4 steps in SM planning

A

Formative research
Analysis
Segment target audience
Strategy development –> 8 P’s

53
Q

2 Advantages of SM

A

Extensive formative research and use of marketing mix

Pretesting components before implementation

54
Q

4 limitations of SM

A

Requires a lot of lead time in planning
PH goal is to reach everyone–> SM segments audience
May be considered motivational manipulation
Lack of respect for SM at top levels

55
Q

3 topics Covered by LMHU

A

Birth control/reproductive health
STI testing
Needle Exchange

56
Q

3 services by LMHU birth control clinic

A

Birth control options, counselling and purchase
Pregnancy testing and counselling
Pap tests and STI swabs

57
Q

LMHU birth control clinic target pop

A

Women up to 50, some counties it is only 24

By appointment only mon-thurs, pill purchase in mon-friday

58
Q

LMHU STI clinic

A

Emergency contraceptive pill and pregnancy testing
No charge STI testing
– drop in mon-wed

59
Q

Sexual health promotion team members

A

1 clinic manager
3 full time PH nurses
1 full time health promotor
Students and volunteers

60
Q

4 duties of sexual health promotion team

A

Develop media campaigns, provide resources, fairs
Advocacy and policy development
Collab with community agencies and orgs
Parenting courses and sessions–> sessions free

61
Q

5 LMHU priority populations

A 
At risk women and youth 
Sex trade people
LGBT2Q
Prisoners
PWID
62
Q

3 campaign topics foccused on by LMHU

A

Chronic disease prevention and early cancer detection
Injury and substance abuse prevention
Child and reproductive health

63
Q

4 Ontario standards LMHU must do

A

Reduce transmission and number of people with STIS
Provide place for testing and treatment
Decrease unplanned pregnancies
Increase people making positive health choices

64
Q

Teen pregnancy, Chlamydia, Gonnorhea and HIV in london

A

TP–> falling rate, higher in london than Ontario
Chlamydia–> Highest rates in 20-24, falling sharply for LMHU
Gonnorhea–> Lower rates in lon, than Ontario
HIV–> still high in London

65
Q

Get Tested Western

A

Collaboration with USC to break word record for most STI tests. The goal motivated participation

66
Q

3 factors to consider in selecting a theory for PH

A

Behavior
Target population
Desired outcomes

67
Q

3 levels of interaction to consider in theory selection

A

Intrapersonal–> HBM, TTM, IMB
Interpersonal–> SCT, TRA, TPB
Community–> DOI, SM

68
Q

3 benefits of a school intervention

A

Captive audience because the kids have to be there
Easier to reach parents through schools
Implement programs by building on curriculum

69
Q

3 challenges in school interventions

A

Developmental stage of students vary
Schools have competing interests and few resources
Very political

70
Q

2 benefits of workplace intervention

A

Captive audience, lots of people work

Health promotion in workplace is cost-effective

71
Q

3 challenges in workplace intervention

A

Employees don’t want to mix business and personal
Programs don’t meet individual needs
Lack of time and incentive to engage

72
Q

Special population interventions

A

Focus on trust, confidentiality and honesty
Look beyond behaviour at hand, explore SDOH causation
Often a harm reduction approach

73
Q

Helicopter In

A

Go in, do job and leave, without getting to know population or considering SDOH

74
Q

4 considerations in PH interventions

A

Translation
Dissemination
Adoption
Effective implementation

75
Q

Translation

A

Innovations prepared for practitioners before release to general population . Modify to reach new audience and gain acceptance

76
Q

3 factors in PH intervention adoption

A

Program characteristics
Message characteristics
Adopter

77
Q

5 factors in effective implementation

A 
User receives correct content by following process
Delivered with the right dosage 
Right people are involved
Intended participants fully engage 
Delivered in correct setting

Health Behavior (2 decks)

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