Final

Question 1

Spontaneous recovery is typically associated with

Answer 1

Extinction

Question 2

Each time a buzzer sounds a puff of air makes a rabbit blink. Soon the rabbit blinks when it hears the buzzer. George believes that this means the buzzer has taken the place of the air puff. George is probably an advocate of

Answer 2

Stimulus substitution theory

Question 3

In ________therapy a stimulus that elicits an inappropriate response is paired with an unpleasant stimulus such as a a shock or an emetic drug

Answer 3

Aversion

Question 4

As discussed in our text Shepard Siegel work suggests that some deaths attributed to ___________ are actually the result of conditioning

Answer 4

Drug over-dose

Question 5

If a person sneezes after coming close to a realistic-looking artificial flower you can probably be sure that he or she is __________

Answer 5

Allergic to pollen

Question 6

The phenomenon of ________ suggests that we should be more likely to develop aversions to novel foods than to familiar ones.

Answer 6

Latent inhibition

Question 7

The law of effect says that

Answer 7

Behavior is a function of its consequences

Question 8

Operant learning is sometimes called _______ learning

Answer 8

Instrumental

Question 9

Negative reinforcement is also called

Answer 9

Escape or avoidance learning

Question 10

The opposite of a conditioned reinforcer is a

Answer 10

Primary

Question 11

Money is a good example of a _______reinforcer

Answer 11

Generalized , secondary/conditioned

Question 12

The Watson and Rayner experiment with little Albert may have involved operant as well as Pavlovian learning because the loud noise

Answer 12

Occurred as Albert reached for the rat

Question 13

Studies of delayed reinforcement document the importance of

Answer 13

Behavior stimulus contiguity

Question 14

An antecedent that impacts the effectiveness of a reinforcer is called a

Answer 14

Motivating reinforcement

Question 15

According to the one process theory of avoidance the avoidance response is reinforced by

Answer 15

Reduction in aversive stimulation

Question 16

Shaping is the reinforcement of successive

Answer 16

Behaviors

Question 17

The first step in building a behavior chain is to do a

Answer 17

Task analysis

Question 18

Early studies of learned helplessness used a ________ procedure

Answer 18

Escape training

Question 19

As discussed in class “achievement motivation” is characterized by the concept of “learned ___________”

Answer 19

Industriousness

Question 20

John spent his summer picking cantaloupes for a farmer. The farmer paid john a certain amount for every basket of a cantaloupes picked. John worked on a

Answer 20

Fixed ratio schedule

Question 21

The schedule to use if you want to produce the most rapid acquisition of new behavior is

Answer 21

Continuous reinforcement

Question 22

The schedule that is NOT an intermittent schedule is

Answer 22

FR1

Question 23

A reduction in response rate following reinforcement is typically called a

Answer 23

Post reinforcement pause

Question 24

CRF is synonymous with

Answer 24

FR1

Question 25

The schedule that is likely to produce a cumulative record with “scallops” is the

Answer 25

FI schedule

Question 26

The sudden reappearance of the target behavior characteristic of extinction is called

Answer 26

Spontaneous recovery

Question 27

In a ___ schedule reinforcement s contingent on the continuous performance of a behavior for an established period of time

Answer 27

FD (fixed duration)

Question 28

FT and VT are both kinds of ________ reinforcement

Answer 28

Noncontingent (NCR)

Question 29

This refers to the point at which a behavior stops or its rate falls off sharply

Answer 29

break point

Question 30

Googie trains a pigeon to peck a disk by reinforcing each disk peck. Once the response is learned, googie begins to cut back on the reinforcers. At first he reinforces every other response, then every third response, every fifth response, every tenth response, and so on. Googie is using a procedure called

Answer 30

Stretching the ratio

Question 31

Things are going pretty well for googie until he all of a sudden jumps from reinforcing every tenth response to reinforcing every 50th response. At this point the pigeon responds erratically and nearly stops responding entirely googie pigeon is probably suffering from

Answer 31

Ratio strain

Question 32

The PRE is parsimoniously explained by the

Answer 32

Response unit hypothesis

Question 33

Perhaps more than anything else the matching law simply reflects the fact that animal and human behavior is primarily driven by

Answer 33

Self interest

Question 34

According to our text , positive punishment is sometimes confused with

Answer 34

Negative reinforcement

Question 35

Delaying delivery of a punisher is most likely to

Answer 35

Reduce its effectiveness

Question 36

When disciplining their son, jeepers, Mr and Ms peepers begin with an extremely mild form of punishment and gradually increase its strength if the offenses continue. This procedure is most likely to result in

Answer 36

The use of excessively strong aversives / habituation