Final Flashcards

1
Q

Sexuality

A

The ways in which we experience and express ourselves as sexual beings

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2
Q

Dimensions of sexuality

A
  • physical
  • psychological
  • orientation
  • developmental
  • reproductive
  • spiritual
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3
Q

What is sex?

A

Most people define it as penis/vagina intercourse but we need to be more specific

  • penis/vaginal penetration
  • oral
  • anal
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4
Q

What is abstinence?

A

represents a deliberate choice regarding our bodies, minds, spirits and sexuality

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5
Q

Is abstinence and virginity the same thing?

A

Not necessarily, you could choose to be abstinent after losing virginity…

  • virginity tends to be defined as penis/vagina intercourse
  • abstinence is broader
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6
Q

Carpenter study participants categorized losing their virginity as one of what three things?

A
  1. Gift
  2. Stigma
  3. Process
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7
Q

Tetro virginity research showed that people were resistant because they were waiting for…

A
  • the right partner
  • specific kind of person
  • special feelings
  • specific kind of relationship
  • relationship characteristics
  • the right opportunity
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8
Q

Sexual orientation

A

Combination of emotional, romantic, sexual or affectionate attraction to another person
- who you are attracted to, fall in love with and want to live your life with

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9
Q

Sexual identity

A

based on biology and begins at the moment of contraception

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10
Q

Gender

A

based on a sense of femininity or masculinity as defined by the society in which we live

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11
Q

Gender identity

A

refers to a persons self-identified sense of being male, female, neither or both

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12
Q

Gender presentation

A

refers to external appearance, dress, mannerisms, and behaviour through which an individual presents his or her gender identity or the gender they would like to appear as

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13
Q

Androgynous

A

refers to people who identify as neither male nor female

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14
Q

Intersex

A

refers to people who were born with male and female anatomy, or ambiguous genitalia
- based on gender, hormones, internal organs and chromosomal differences

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15
Q

Transgender

A

someone whose gender identity or expression differs from the sex they were assigned at birth

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16
Q

Heterosexual

A

an individual whose primary sexual orientation is toward members of the opposite sex

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17
Q

Homosexual

A

a person who is sexually or romantically attracted to or involved with individuals of the same sex

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18
Q

Homophobia

A

irrational fear and hatred of someone who is homosexual

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19
Q

Demisexual

A

person who must feel deep emotional or romantic connection to feel sexual attraction

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20
Q

Pansexual

A

someone who is attracted to others regardless of gender

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21
Q

Polysexual

A

someone who is attracted to more than one gender

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22
Q

Polyamorous

A

someone who loves more than one

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23
Q

Scoliosexual

A

someone who is attracted to non-binary, trans, or gender-non conforming individuals

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24
Q

Two-spirited

A

First nations term for gays and lesbians

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25
Q

Why do people have sex?

A
  • physiological need?
  • societal pressure
  • fun
  • stress relief
  • reproduction
  • love and connection
  • physical pleasure
  • attraction
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26
Q

3 Most common reasons people have sex?

A
  1. Physical pleasure
  2. Show affection
  3. Attraction
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27
Q

Why not have sex?

A
  • too tired/sick
  • too anxious/stressed
  • no longer committed to relationship
  • angry with partner
  • not feeling attractive
  • relationship issues
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28
Q

Trojan university sex survey reported that

A

88 percent of university students agreed that sexual health contributes to overall health and well being

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29
Q

What are some risks and benefits of sexual activity in university?

A
  • safety
  • emotional
  • pregnancy
  • health (risk and benefit)
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30
Q

Masturbation

A

self stimulation of genitals, produces similar physical responses to those of sexual activity with a partner

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31
Q

Why masturbate?

A
  • relatively few negative consequences
  • learn about body
  • pleasure and orgasm
  • enhance fantasy life
  • bladder control/cardio?
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32
Q

Physical health benefits of sex

A
  • cardiovascular fitness
  • improves cholesterol
  • increases flexibility
  • strengthens immune system
  • increases pain tolerance
  • weight loss
  • bladder control
  • helps prevent endometriosis
  • decreased chance of prostate cancer
  • increased life!
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33
Q

Emotional health benefits of sex

A
  • stress relief
  • improved sleep
  • reduced depression
  • maintains intimate connections
  • builds passion and excitement
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34
Q

Downsides of sex

A
  • emotional distress
  • relationship problems
  • stress
  • psychosocial discomfort
  • guilt
  • STIs
  • unplanned pregnancy
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35
Q

Sexual negotiation

A

Say what you mean strongly and clearly!

  • consent is ongoing (you can say no anytime)
  • no means no
  • no one owes sex to anyone
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36
Q

Ages of consent in Canada

A

12-13 year olds if partner is within 2 years
14-15 year olds if partner is within 5 years
16-18 except when partner is in position of authority

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37
Q

You can’t legally consent to have sex if…

A
  • you are under 18 and not married and having anal sex
  • you are under 12 and having vaginal sex
  • you are intoxicated
  • you are under 18 and having sex with someone in a position of authority
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38
Q

Sexting repercussions

A
  • moral shaming
  • emotional turmoil
  • sex offenders list
  • jail time
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39
Q

__ in __ people will get an STI by the age of __

A

1 in 2; age 25

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40
Q

About __% of women and __% of men infected with Chlamydia don’t have symptoms

A

75; 50

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41
Q

The highest rates of STI’s occur among…and are more widespread in _______

A

16 to 24 year olds; developing nations

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42
Q

STI pathogens like ______ and hate _____

A

dark, warm, moist body surfaces; light, cold, dryness

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43
Q

Various factors that put young people at risk of STI’s:

A
  • feelings of invulnerability
  • multiple partners
  • failure to use condoms
  • substance abuse
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44
Q

Most STI’s are _________ and 100% _________

A

curable; manageable with medication

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45
Q

Testing for STI’s is _______

A

free and painless

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46
Q

What are STI’s?

A

Infections you catch through sexual contact

- usually transmitted through exchange of body fluids such as semen, vaginal fluids and blood

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47
Q

STI’s cross all lines of ________

A

age, education, income level and ethnicity

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48
Q

Behavioural factors contributing to the spread of STIs

A
  • early initiation of intercourse
  • multiple partners
  • high risk partners
  • high risk sexual activity
  • incorrect condom use
  • substance abuse
  • sexual coercion
  • lack of knowledge and concern about STIs
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49
Q

Social factors contributing to the spread of STIs

A
  • poverty and marginalization
  • access to health care
  • secrecy and moral conflict about sexuality
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50
Q

Biological factors contributing to the spread of STIs

A
  • asymptomatic nature of STIs
  • resistance to treatment or lack of a cure
  • other biological factors
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51
Q

Most common STIs on campus are:

A
  • chlamydia
  • HPV (genital warts)
  • herpes
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52
Q

General signs and symptoms of STIs

A
  • sores
  • burning
  • pain
  • discharge
  • itching
  • growths or warts
  • abdominal pain
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53
Q

Heterosexual women spend __% of their reproductive years trying to prevent pregnancy years trying to prevent pregnancy and __% trying to become pregnant

A

90; 10

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54
Q

Abstinence and outercourse

A
  • kissing
  • hugging
  • sensual touching
  • mutual masturbation
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55
Q

Prescription contraceptives

A
  • birth control pill
  • contraceptive ring
  • contraceptive patch
  • contraceptive injectables
  • intrauterine device
  • diaphragm
  • cervical cap
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56
Q

Nonprescription contraceptives

A
  • male/female condom
  • vaginal spermicide
  • contraceptive sponge
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57
Q

Periodic abstinence and fertility awareness methods

A
  • cervical mucus method
  • calendar method
  • basal body temperature method
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58
Q

Emergency contraception

A

Use of a method of contraception to prevent unintended pregnancy after unprotected intercourse of failure of another form of contraception
- morning after pill

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59
Q

Sterilization

A

Surgery to end a person’s reproductive capability

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60
Q

Msost effective types of birth control

A
  • implant

- IUD

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61
Q

Most effective types of birth control

A
  • implant

- IUD

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62
Q

Vaginal irritants

A
  • UTI
  • bacterial vaginosis
  • yeast infections
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63
Q

2 common bacterial STIs

A

Gonorrhoea

Chlamydia

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64
Q

Characteristics of bacterial STIs

A
  • treated with antibiotics
  • mostly asymptomatic in women
  • can cause pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility
  • if symptoms are to develop, will do so in less than 10 days
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65
Q

2 common viral STIs

A

HPV

Herpes

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66
Q

Characteristics of viral STIs

A
  • related to immune system health
  • skin to skin contact
  • spread when asymptomatic
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67
Q

Hormonal birth control works by:

A
  • preventing ovulation
  • making uterine lining inhospitable to fertilized egg
  • thickening cervical mucus to hinder sperm movement
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68
Q

Most birth control pills contain _____

A

synthetic forms of estrogen and progestin

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69
Q

Birth control risks

A
  • cancers

- blood clots

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70
Q

Plan B prevents pregnancy by:

A
  • temporarily stops release of an egg from ovary
  • prevents fertilization
  • prevents fertilized egg from attaching to the uterus
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71
Q

Male contraceptive

A

Injectable contraceptive to suppress sperm

  • 96% effective
  • trials halted because risks outweighed benefits
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72
Q

Coitus interruptus

A
  • removal of penis from vagina before ejaculation
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73
Q

Unprotected sex should not occur…

A

during the middle of menstrual cycle (days 9-13)

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74
Q

Day one of menstrual cycle is ____ and the last day is _____

A

the first day of menstruation; the day before menstrual flow begins

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75
Q

Conception occurs

A

When sperm fertilizes the egg

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76
Q

Contraception

A

The prevention of conception through various forms of birth control

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77
Q

Implantation

A

The embedding of the fertilized ovum in uterine lining

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78
Q

Fertilization

A

The fusion of sperm and egg nuclei

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79
Q

Method of birth control used by about 100 million women all over the world?

A

Birth control pill

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80
Q

Friendship defined as…

A

the bond of society

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81
Q

Friends with benefits…

A

refers to relationships between friends who have sex

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82
Q

Hooking up

A

loosely defined as sexual activity with a casual partner who may be a friend or stranger

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83
Q

Dating

A

Any occasion during which two people share their time

84
Q

Sternberg’s love triangle

A

Theory that the three components of love are intimacy, passion and commitment and the various kinds of love are composed of different combinations of these three components

85
Q

Five love languages

A
  • words of affirmation
  • quality time
  • giving gifts
  • acts of service
  • physical touch
86
Q

Signs of emotional abuse:

A
  • attempting to control various aspects of your life
  • frequent humiliation
  • wanting to know your location
  • becoming jealous or angry
  • threatening to harm you
  • trying to coerce you
87
Q

Cohabitation

A

Two people living together as a couple, without official ties such as marriage

88
Q

Cohabitation determining factors

A
  • shelter
  • personal and sexual behaviour
  • services
  • societal
  • children
89
Q

Polyamory

A

Acceptance of having intimate relationships with more than one person at a time with both knowledge and consent of everyone involved

90
Q

Open relationship

A

Partners agree to sexual involvement with others outside of their primary relationship

91
Q

Serial monogamy

A

Committed monogamous relationship is entered into until the relationship ends and another monogamous relationship begins

92
Q

Social monogamy

A

the perception of being monogamous by others

93
Q

Emotional monogamy

A

Sets boundaries around emotional connections and affairs with others outside the primary relationship

94
Q

Physical monogamy

A

Exclusive physical sexual experience with one’s partner

95
Q

Celibacy

A

Means absolutely no sexual engagement (masturbation or with a partner)

96
Q

Crucial ingredients for commitment according to Sternberg

A
  • shared values
  • willingness to change in response to each other
  • willingness to tolerate flaws
  • match in religious beliefs
  • ability to communicate effectively
97
Q

2 common predictors of relationship unhappiness:

A
  • high level of arousal during a discussion

- defensive behaviours such as making excuses and denying responsibility for disagreement

98
Q

Tips for staying safe on campus:

A
  • learn about safety on campus
  • drink responsibly
  • be aware of who is serving you drinks
  • be especially vigilant about date rape drugs
  • take advantage of campus safe walk
  • lock up valuables
  • don’t give keys to anyone or let anyone in your living space
  • take all fire alarms seriously
  • ask for help when you need it
99
Q

What is sexual harassment?

A

All forms of unwanted sexual attention

100
Q

Factors that play a role in date rape

A
  • personality and early sexual experiences
  • situational variables (what happens during the date)
  • acceptance of sexual coercion
  • drinking
  • date-rape drugs
  • gender differences in interpreting sexual cues
101
Q

Sexual victimization on campus…

A

can undermine a student’s well being and academic performance

  • diminished ambition and self confidence
  • reduced ability to concentrate
  • sleeplessness/depression
  • physical aches and other ailments
102
Q

Nonverbal communication

A

Transmission of meaning from one person to another through means or symbols other than words

103
Q

General principles of nonverbal communication

A
  • conveys emotions
  • it is multi channeled
  • it is ambiguous
  • may contradict verbal messages
  • it is culture bound
104
Q

Elements of nonverbal communication

A
  • personal space
  • facial expression
  • eye contact
  • body language
  • touch
  • influenced by gender and cultural norms
105
Q

Intimate distance

A

begins with skin contact

- 18 inches

106
Q

Personal distance

A

18 in. to 4 ft.

107
Q

Social distance

A

4 to 12 ft.

108
Q

Public distance

A

+ 12 ft.

109
Q

Messages clothing can convey

A
  • economic status
  • educational level
  • social status
  • moral standards
  • interests
  • belief system
110
Q

What is at risk if we don’t learn to talk about sex?

A
  • consent
  • satisfaction
  • safety
111
Q

Autobiographical listening

A

means we listen from the perspective of our own experience

- we evaluate, probe, advise, interpret

112
Q

Empathic listening

A

active listening with the intention and commitment of truly understanding the other before seeking to be understood

113
Q

What are drugs?

A

Any chemical substance that has mind altering properties or in other ways interacts with and modifies the structure and function of the body

114
Q

Drug misuse

A

taking drug for purpose other than medically intended

115
Q

Drug abuse

A

excessive use that is inconsistent with medical practice

116
Q

Physical dependence

A

Occurs when person develops tolerance to the effects of a drug and needs larger and larger doses to achieve intoxication or another desired effect

117
Q

Psychological dependence

A

Emotional or mental attachment to the use of a drug and feel a strong craving for a drug because it produces a pleasurable feeling or relieves stress and anxiety

118
Q

Intoxication

A

refers to maladaptive behavioural, psychological, and physiologic changes that occur as a result of substance use

119
Q

Withdrawal

A

Development of symptoms that cause significant psychological and physical distress when individual reduces or stops drug use

120
Q

Polyabuse

A

Use of multiple drugs

121
Q

Concurrent disorders

A

A situation where a person has both a mental health and a substance abuse problem

122
Q

Routes of drug administration

A
  • oral ingestion
  • inhalation
  • injection
  • intravenous
  • intramuscular
  • subcutaneous
  • inunction
123
Q

Fastest route of administration?

A
  • intravenous injection
124
Q

Dose

A

Amount of drug an individual takes and this determines effects

125
Q

Toxicity

A

Dosage level at which drug becomes poisonous to the body

126
Q

What impacts an individuals response to a drug?

A

Internal and external environmental factors

127
Q

What is the most widely used psychotropic drug in the world?

A

Caffeine

128
Q

Coffee contains how much caffeine?

A

Approximately 100-150 mg per cup

129
Q

Health Canda recommends no more than ____ mg of caffeine a day

A

400

130
Q

What does caffeine do?

A
  • acts as a stimulant to relieve drowsiness
  • helps in performance of repetitive work
  • boost for athletic events
131
Q

Problems with caffeine

A
  • dependence
  • anxiety
  • insomnia
  • rapid breathing
  • upset stomach and bowels
  • dizziness
132
Q

What is the most common drug among young adults in Ontario?

A

Alcohol

133
Q

What is the most commonly used illegal drug among young adults?

A

Marijuana

134
Q

Characteristics of marijuana smokers?

A
  • single, white, partiers
  • less frequent studiers
  • less motivated
135
Q

What factors impact whether or not students will used drugs?

A
  • perception of risk
  • alcohol use
  • environment
  • availability
  • mental health
  • peer pressure
136
Q

Classes of drugs:

A
  • stimulants
  • depressants
  • hallucinogens
  • opioids
  • cannabis
  • inhalants
137
Q

What impacts the effect of drugs?

A
  • chemical composition
  • dosage
  • site of action
  • toxicity
  • tolerance
  • setting
  • individual factors
138
Q

Stimulant

A

temporarily relieves drowsiness, helps in performance of repetitive tasks, improves capacity for work

  • amphetamines
  • MDMA
  • Meth
  • cocaine
139
Q

Depressant

A

drug that depresses nervous system

  • alcohol
  • tranquilizers
  • rohypnol
  • GHB
140
Q

Hallucinogen

A

Causes hallucinations

  • PCP
  • LSD
141
Q

Opiods

A

Has sleep inducing and pain relieving properties

  • heroin
  • morphine
  • oxycodone
  • percocet
142
Q

Cannabis

A

drugs derived from cannabis plant containing THC - major psychoactive ingredient

  • marijuana
  • hash
143
Q

Inhalant

A

Produces vapours having psychoactive effects when inhaled

  • solvents/aerosols
  • nitrates
  • nitrous oxide
144
Q

Lindzie O’Reilly 2 strategies to think about:

A
  1. Have something to eat every 2 to 4 hrs and slowly taper off towards the end of the day
  2. Pair foods together (carbohydrates and protein)
145
Q

Serving size

A

Amount described on package that is used to give information about nutrients

146
Q

Portion size

A

Amount that YOU decide to eat

147
Q

Plate model

A
  • half should be fruit/veg
  • quarter whole grains and fibre rich carbohydrates
  • quarter protein rich
148
Q

Caffeine has a half life of?

A

4 hours

149
Q

For optimal energy, metabolism and nutrient intake:

A
  • eat often
  • make it balanced
  • aim for variety
  • include caffeine and high sugar foods as part of a balanced meal or snack
150
Q

BMR

A

basal metabolic rate

- how much energy your body needs just to sustain function if you lie in bed all day

151
Q

What does BMR depend on?

A
  • genetics
  • level of activity
  • age
  • gender
  • muscle mass
152
Q

Yo-yo of dieting

A

Low calorie diet causes body to burn muscle and protect fat > rapid weight loss of water and muscle > metabolism drops >body needs less energy > gain weight

153
Q

Achieving and maintaining a healthy weight

A

ONLY MAKE SUSTAINABLE CHANGES

- aim to eat mindfully

154
Q

Time saving strategies

A
  • keep healthy choices on hand
  • pack food the night before
  • pack food for the day
  • make food in large batches
  • cut up fruits and veg
  • keep extra snacks in bag for emergency
155
Q

HAES movement

A
  • peace no war
  • care not punishment
  • respect where the body is at
156
Q

Body image

A

mental picture we have of ourselves

157
Q

Self esteem

A

your opinion of yourself, how you value and respect yourself as a person

158
Q

Self care

A

Actions and attitudes that contribute to the maintenance of wellbeing

159
Q

Intuitive eaters have…

A
  • lowered body dissatisfaction
  • higher self esteem
  • better coping skills
  • higher optimism
  • lower BMI
160
Q

What is spirituality?

A

Ultimately feeling more complete and fulfilled as a human being

  • connection with everything in creation
  • unification
  • shared consciousness
  • movement toward authentic living and self
  • search for divine through life experience
  • growth process that leads to realization of ultimate purpose
  • Develop deep appreciation expanse of life
  • Built on idea of higher intelligence
161
Q

Common elements of all definitions of spirituality

A
  • hope
  • meaning
  • purpose
  • connectedness
  • honesty
  • compassion
  • forgiveness
  • rituals
  • recognition of what is held to be sacred
  • transcendent beliefs
  • experiences that may include sense of higher power
162
Q

How do I start being spiritual?

A
  • what does spirituality mean to you?
  • what personal experiences make you feel happy and well?
  • what kind of person do you want to be?
163
Q

Spiritual dimensions:

A
  • interconnectedness
  • mindfulness
  • transcendence
  • meaning/purpose/potential
164
Q

Interconnectedness

A

A state of being connected reciprocally

  • to others
  • to self
165
Q

Mindfulness

A

Bringing attention to a moment by moment experience

166
Q

Meaning

A

Significant quality or implication of a hidden or special significance

167
Q

Purpose

A

An object or end to be attained

168
Q

Potential

A

Expresses a possibility

169
Q

Transcendence

A

Being in harmony with what we do not understand

- moments are different than others and leave us changed

170
Q

Evidence suggests a relationship between spirituality and better _____

A

health outcomes

171
Q

__% of young people 15 to 24 attend a religious services at least once a week

A

16

172
Q

Studies show students with higher levels of spirituality…

A
  • are more physically active

- participate more in variety of campus activities

173
Q

There has been a move to integrate mind, body, and spirit wellness into campus life…how?

A
  • student services
  • counselling
  • integration of spirituality curriculum
174
Q

How is religion different from spirituality?

A

Religion is more organized

  • specific system of beliefs
  • involves rituals and code of ethics
175
Q

Environmental wellbeing

A

refers to our interaction with the environment - both how we effect the environment and the effect it has on us

176
Q

Environmental well being is the newest dimension of wellness

A

came about with the realization that it is hard for humans to be well in an unwell environment and we live in a closed system

177
Q

What is an ecosystem?

A
  • organisms sharing a physical and chemical environment

- interrelationship between land, air, water, wildlife, human beings and activities

178
Q

What are greenhouse gases?

A

Make up earth’s atmosphere

  • carbon dioxide
  • methane
  • nitrous oxide
  • ozone
  • water vapour
179
Q

Greenhouse effect

A

A natural phenomenon where CO2, an important gas in the insulation layer covering the planet, acts like a greenhouse and allows a small amount of solar radiation through the Earth’s atmosphere, trapping it so heat generates warmth for the earth

180
Q

Carbon dioxide is important for insulation…what does this mean?

A

It lets some radiation from the sun into our atmosphere and keeps it there and reflects the rest back into space

181
Q

What releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere?

A

Burning coal, oil, and lumber

182
Q

What effect has increased CO2 had on our weather patterns?

A

Raised temp of the whole planet!

183
Q

Climate change

A

Any long-term significant change in the average weather that a given region experiences
- variations within Earth’s atmosphere

184
Q

Climate forcings

A

Physical factors introduced by human activities that force a net increase or decrease of heat in the climate system as a whole

185
Q

Global warming

A

A sustained increase in the average temperature of the Earth’s atmosphere that causes changes in the global climate

186
Q

Arctic could have ice-free summer by the year?

A

2040

187
Q

Climate change is causing weather patterns to become much more?

A

unstable

- extreme events more common

188
Q

Effects of climate change?

A
  • rising food costs
  • flooding
  • water shortages
  • wildfires
  • increased transportation costs
  • deaths
  • migrating salmon stocks in BC
189
Q

4 R’s

A

Reduce
Reuse
Recycle
Recover

190
Q

Reduce

A

Buy products packaged in recycled material or have little or no packaging

191
Q

Reuse

A

If possible repair items instead of purchasing new ones or use jars, tins, containers

192
Q

Recycle

A

Collecting, reprocessing, marketing and using materials once considered trash

193
Q

Recover

A

Salvage parts and find a use for them

194
Q

4 laws of ecology

A
  1. everything is connected to everything else
  2. everything must go somewhere
  3. nature knows best
  4. there is no such thing as a free lunch
195
Q

How does the environment impact our health?

A
  • pollution
  • clean air
  • quality of drinking water
  • chemical risks
  • invisible hazards
  • food security
196
Q

Change on a country wide level

A
  • energy efficient buildings
  • climate resistant buildings
  • energy efficient vehicles
  • renewable energy
197
Q

How is UoG environmentally conscious?

A
  • 12000 lb. of scrap aluminum used to buy bicycles for physical resources staff and campus police
  • 45% locally sourced, in season produce
  • all honey made on campus
  • recycled napkins, compostable dinnerware
  • furniture and clothing swaps
198
Q

What can you do limit negative effects?

A
  • carpool
  • buy local
  • recycle batteries
  • eat less meat
  • bring your own reusable bags shopping
  • avoid buying bottled water
  • minimize exposure to toxins
  • maximize time outdoors
199
Q

Nature deficit disorder

A

Less time outdoors = increased behavioural problems

200
Q

Reasons kids are spending less time outdoors?

A
  • parental fears
  • harder to access natural areas
  • increased screen time
201
Q

How many gallons of water does it take to make a to-go latte?

A

53 gallons

202
Q

How many gallons of water does it take to make one pair of jeans?

A

1800 gallons

203
Q

How many litres of water does it take to make a pint of beer?

A

3L

204
Q

Rapid detox was developed for the treatment of which classification of drugs?

a. Opiates
b. Depressants
c. Stimulants
d. Hallucinogens

A

a. Opiates

205
Q

Which of the following is classified as a micronutrient?

a. Fats
b. Sugars
c. Fibre
d. minerals

A

d. Minerals

206
Q

Which of the following drugs affects the central nervous system very similarly to amphetamine?

a. Marijuana
b. Heroin
c. Cocaine
d. Alcohol

A

c. Cocaine