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DPT 711 Principles of Physical Assessment > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

Borders and Contents of Femoral Triangle

A
  • inguinal ligament, adductor longus, and sartorius

- femoral artery, nerve and vein

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2
Q

Borders and Contents of Inguinal Triangle

A
  • lateral margin of rectus sheath (linea semilunaris) is medial border
  • superolateral border is inferior epigastric vessels
  • inferior border is inguinal ligament
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3
Q

What are the 4 bones that comprise the pelvis?

A
  • illium
  • ischium
  • pubis
  • sacrum
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4
Q

What motions occur at hip joint?

A
  • extension
  • flexion
  • adduction
  • abduction
  • medial rotation
  • lateral rotation
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5
Q

What motions occur at knee joint?

A
  • flexion
  • extension
  • medial rotation
  • lateral rotation
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6
Q

What motions occur at talocrural joint?

A
  • dorsiflexion

- plantar flexion

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7
Q

What motions occur at subtalar joint?

A
  • inversion
  • eversion
  • dorsiflexion
  • plantar flexion
  • abduction
  • adduction
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8
Q

Ankle Joint Movement-Pronation

A
  • ankle joint dorsiflexes
  • subtalar joint everts
  • transverse tarsal joint abducts
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9
Q

Ankle Joint Movement-Supination

A
  • ankle joint plantar flexes
  • subtalar joint inversion
  • transverse tarsal joint adducts
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10
Q

What movements happen at transverse tarsal joint?

A
  • all three motions (dorsiflex, plantar flex, abduction, adduction, eversion, inversion)
  • articulation between talus/navicular and calcaneus/cuboid
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11
Q

Medial Longitudinal Arch

A
  • highest of 3 arched of foot
  • calcaneus, talus, navicular, cuneiform and 1st three metatarsals
  • supports: ligaments-spring ligament and plantar fascia; tendons-tibialis posterior and tibialis anterior
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12
Q

Transverse Arch of Foot

A
  • boney structure: medial, intermediate, lateral cuneiforms and cuboid
  • interlocking nature of articulations and extrinsic support/plantar structures
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13
Q

Lateral Arch of Foot

A

-boney structure: calcaneus, cuboid, metatarsal V

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14
Q

What are the borders of the popliteal space?

A
  • superomedial: semimembranosus
  • superolateral: biceps femoris
  • inferior medial: medial half gastrocnemius
  • inferolateral: lateral head gastrocnemius and plantaris
  • contents: popliteal artery, popliteal vein, tibial nerve, common fibular nerve
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15
Q

What is the order of tendons that pass posterior to lateral malleolus from anterior to posterior?

A
  • peroneus brevis

- peroneus longus

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16
Q

Name the structures that cross the dorsum of the foot in order from medial to lateral.

A
  • medial cuneiform, middle cuneiform, lateral cuneiform, cuboid
  • navicular and tarsal in next row
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17
Q

What is the function of the peroneal tubercle of calcaneus?

A

-separates tendons of peroneus brevis and longus

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18
Q

What is the function of the spring ligament?

A

-supports head of talus and bears a significant portion of body weight

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19
Q

What’s the only muscle that lies across posterior surface of sacrum

A

-multifidi

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20
Q

How many vertebral levels does multifidi span?

A

-4

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21
Q

How many vertebral levels does rotatores span?

A

-3

22
Q

What are the names of the suboccipital muscles?

A

-rectus capitis posterior major, rectus capitis posterior minor, oblique capitis superior, oblique capitis inferior

23
Q

Which suboccipital muscle does not articulate with skull?

A

-oblique capitis inferior

24
Q

Where is quadratus lumborum palpable

A

-between borders of the last rib, posterior iliac crest, and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae

25
Q

When right external oblique contracts, what are the two unilateral actions?

A
  • rotate to opposite side (left)

- laterally flex to same side (right)

26
Q

When right external oblique contracts what other muscle is contracting to achieve same actions at same time?

A
  • right internal oblique for side bending

- left internal oblique for rotation

27
Q

What is the orientation of brachial plexus as it runs over the first rib in relation to the scalene muscles?

A
  • large branches pass through anterior and middle scalenes
  • it is possible to impinge on the nerves of the plexus and cause pain when palpating
  • swimmers have hytrophied scalenes
28
Q

Primary Curve of Spine

A
  • kyphosis
  • posterior curve
  • born with this
29
Q

Secondary Curve of Spine

A
  • cervical lordosis
  • developed second
  • babies looking up
30
Q

Lumbar Lordosis

A
  • lower anterior curve

- to support and lower center of balance

31
Q

How many cervical vertebrae are there?

A

-seven

32
Q

How many thoracic vertebrae are there?

A

-twelve

33
Q

How many lumbar vertebrae are there?

A

-five

34
Q

How many sacral vertebrae are there?

A
  • 4-5

- fused

35
Q

Vertebral Artery

A
  • branches off subclavian artery
  • supplies blood to brain and spinal cord
  • ascends through C6-C1 through foramen magnum into brain
  • inaccessible but vital to be aware when palpating and moving neck
36
Q

What passes between scalenes?

A

-subclavian artery and brachial plexus between anterior and middle

37
Q

Lumbar Vertebrae

A
  • wider, fatter
  • smaller vertebral foramen
  • superior facets face medial
  • facets oriented for motion in sagittal plane
  • flexion and extension
38
Q

Thoracic Vertebrae

A
  • spinous processes point down
  • narrow processes
  • built for stability to protect thoracic region
  • superior facets face posteriorly
  • facets oriented for motion in frontal plane
  • lateral flexion
39
Q

Cervical Vertebrae

A
  • have transverse foramen
  • atlas C1
  • axis C2
  • superior facets face medially
  • facets oriented for motion in transverse plane
  • rotation
40
Q

Landmarks for Levels of Spine

A
  • C7: base of neck
  • T2: superior angle of scapula
  • T7: inferior angle of scapula
  • T12: twelfth rib
  • L4: top of iliac crest
41
Q

Eight Pulse Points

A
  • carotid
  • brachial
  • umbilical
  • radial
  • popliteal
  • femoral (in femoral triangle from medial to lateral–>VAN vein, artery, nerve)
  • dorsal pedis
  • posterior tibial
42
Q

When do you select one point over another in regards to proximal or distal?

A
  • if doing CPR choose proximal
  • making sure peripheral circulation present go distal
  • distal in children is harder because they wiggle
43
Q

Carotid Pulse

A

-between sternocleidomastoid and trachea

44
Q

Brachial Pulse

A

-between bicep and coracobrachialis

45
Q

Radial Pulse

A

-anterior distal forearm on radial bone

46
Q

Aorta Pulse

A

-two inches above umbilicus, slightly laterally pushing deep diagonally

47
Q

Femoral Pulse

A

-in femoral triangle, inguinal ligament, sartorius, and adductor longus

48
Q

Popliteal Pulse

A
  • within popliteal fossa, lateral and medial hamstring tendons and head of gastroc
  • press laterally against posterior tibia
49
Q

Posterior Tibial Pulse

A

-posterior to medial malleolus

50
Q

Dorsalis Pedis

A

-between first two metacarpals between lateral extensor tendons

51
Q

Name the structures that pass anterior to posterior as they go posterior to medial malleolus under flexor retinaculum in the tarsal tunnel

A
  • tibialis posterior
  • flexor digitorum longus
  • posterior tibial artery
  • posterior tibial vein
  • tibial nerve
  • flexor hallucis longus

DPT 711 Principles of Physical Assessment (2 decks)

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