final Flashcards
Teratogens
an agent or factor that causes malformation of an embryo.
What are the stages of piaget
Sensorimotor
Preoperational
concrete stage
Formal stage
sensorimotor
Child interacts with the world Schema formations assimilation accommodation object permanence
Assimilation
Adapt new information to present Schema
Schema
mental concept that informs a person about what to expect from a variety of experiences and situations.
Accommodation
Learn to revise existing schema
Preoperational
2 years to about 7 Learn the world is not seen from their angle of perception
Concrete
7-11 Child deals with what is right in front of them or what they have experienced themselves
Transitive inferences
Learning to use existing information about object relationships to infer details about other object relationships
Formal Operation Stage
after 11 acquires abstract thought
When adolescence begins and ends
10-20
Primary sex characteristics
characteristics related to reproduction
Secondary sex characteristics
Related to attracting a mate
When is peak physical form?
late 20’s early 30’s
middle age
loss of some motor abilities.
additional loss of sensory abilities.
serious disease likelihood increases.
women experience menopause
Late adulthood
very rapid decline of motor abilities
very rapid decline of sensory ability
rapid decline of overall helath
Kohlberg
best known for his pionneering stages of moral development research
developmental psychologists use these types of research.
systematic observation, self reports, structured observation, case studies; and ethnography or participant observation.
Developmental psychology
is the scientific study of how and why human beings develop over the course of their life.
Erickson’s stages of development
Trust Vs. Mistrust. Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt. Initiative Vs. Guilt Industry vs. Inferiority Identity vs Identity diffusion. Intimacy vs Isolation Generaltivity vs Isolation Integrity vs. despair
trust vs. mistrust
infant develops a sense of security or person does not learn to trust.
autonomy Vs Shame an doubt
Infant develops a sense of independence or person doubts self, low self esteem
Initiative vs guilt
Child learns to balance restraint and spontaneity.
person is overly impulsive or extremely restratined
Industry vs inferiority
the child attains a sense of self confidence or the person has odd levels of confidence
Identity or role confussion
person must struggle to find their personality or not find struggle to find it.
intimacy vs. Isolation
find love or not and
Generativity or self absorbstion
look for more responsibility in life
Integrity or Despair
fulfillment in life or despair in what you haven’t accomplished.
functional fixedness
getting stuck on a specific use of an item and ignoring other uses
means-end analysis
examining differences between goal state and current state determining what steps will get you there.
persistence of set
old strategies continue to be used even if they are less efficient if we fail to perceive that the situation has changed
What are the four main parts of language
phonemes
morphemes
syntax
extralinguistic infromation
phonemes
categories of sounds that our vocal apparatus produces. each language uses around 15 to 60
english 40-45
Morphemes
The smallest units of language dog re
Syntax
The set rules of a language for constructing sentences.
word order
sentence structure
morphological markers
extralinguistic information
elements of communication that aren’t a part of the content of language but are critical to interpreting meaning. facial expression tone of voice previous statement of others.
heuristics
shortcuts to increase our thinking efficiency
common heuristics
representativeness: like goes with like.
availability: off the top of my head
study the problem solving model
study it
cognitive economy
the tendency for cognitive processes to minimizing processing effort and processing.
what is thinking
is any mental activity or processing of information
