Final

Question 1

What is crowdsourcing?

Answer 1

Using contributions from volunteers in online communities to solve a problem.

The goal is to produce a gigantic knowledge base

Question 2

What is static information?

Answer 2

The information is just there, added statically, modified every so often

Question 3

What is dynamic information?

Answer 3

real time q&a, technical code contributions, markets knowledge

you ask a question and get an answer

eg. Reddit

Question 4

What is netiquette?

Answer 4

How people should behave on the internet

Question 5

What is trolling?

Answer 5

being deliberately offensive just because

Question 6

What are flame wars?

Answer 6

Online arguing via postings and email

Question 7

What is spam?

Answer 7

unsolicited commercial emails

spam emails share properties which are analyzed by the computer; if an email shares those properties, it is sent to the spam box

Question 8

What is phishing?

Answer 8

refers to sites that try to look like other well known sites in order to get people to provide their information

Question 9

What is intellectual property?

Answer 9

The act of creation; ives the author the ownership of the results

Question 10

Copyright includes the following rights:

Answer 10

Copy your own work
Use it for derivative works
Distribute your work
Display/perform your work

Question 11

What is fair use?

Answer 11

Allows he use of copyrighted material for educational or scholarly purposes

Question 12

What is public domain-no rights reserved?

Answer 12

It is free for anyone to use in any form

Question 13

What is creative commons?

Answer 13

Some rights are reserved

Question 14

What is privacy?

Answer 14

The right of people to choose freely under what circumstances and to what extent they will reveal themselves

Question 15

What is the OECD?

Answer 15

Organization of economic cooperation and development

Question 16

What are cookies?

Answer 16

Tokens of information that the server sends to a client as an identity card

Question 17

What is encryption?

Answer 17

the safest way to ensure data privacy

only another party with the right data can decipher an encrypted message

Question 18

What are symmetric keys?

Answer 18

The same key is used to encrypt and decrypt the message

Question 19

What is asymmetric encryption?

Answer 19

Different keys are used, one for encrypting and another one for decrypting the message

Question 20

What is the public key crypto system?

Answer 20

The public key is known to everyone to encrypt a message. Then it can only be decrypted with a special PRIVATE key only known to the owner of the public key

Question 21

What is a database?

Answer 21

a system which keeps a logically related collection of data organized and searchable

Question 22

What is XML?

Answer 22

Extensible Markup Language

Question 23

What is XML used for?

Answer 23

besides representing data, it is often used for transferring data between applications and on the network

Question 24

What is a database entity?

Answer 24

It describes a thing, being, or object which has a name and properties

Question 25

An entity is represented by a..

Answer 25

table

Question 26

an instance of an entity is kept as a ..

Answer 26

record within a table

Question 27

Each column in a table is known as an …

Answer 27

attribute of the entity

Question 28

What are 3 properties of entities?

Answer 28

1. Each instance of an entity must be uniquely identifiable
2. Tables flatten hierarchical information as opposed to XML
3. Table attributes MUST have data types

Question 29

What is database schema?

Answer 29

the metadata of the DB

the formal definition and description of entities and their relations in a database system

Question 30

What is a relational database system?

Answer 30

one which exploits design relations among entities

Question 31

What are database queries used for ?

Answer 31

Select
Insert
Delete
Update

Question 32

What is the software stack and explain an advantage of it?

Answer 32

layers of software that allow for specialization. each part of the software stack helps in completing the next part of the software stack

If one part of the software stack has a bug, you only have to look at that part

Question 33

What are metaphors and how are they useful in the IT world?

Answer 33

icons or images or concepts used to represent something

They are useful because it lets people intuitively know who to use a machine

Question 34

How do you increase a pictures brightness?

Answer 34

You increase each color number by the same amount

Question 35

What is a web crawler and what are the items it generates that enable searching?

Answer 35

software that is used to crawl websites

crawlers main jobs is to create an index of URLs associated to the queries

1. visit every web page on its to do list
2. query processing, looks up token the user has entered in the index and returns hit pages associated with the tokens

Question 36

Which component is considered to be the brain of the computer?

Answer 36

The CPU

Question 37

What are the 2 subcomponents of the CPU?

Answer 37

1. the control unit fetches instructions from memory and sends data to the ALU
2. the ALU does the math

Question 38

What are the 5 steps of the Fetch/Execute cycle?

Answer 38

1. Instruction Fetch
2. Instruction Decode
3. Data Fetch
4. Instruction Execution
5. Return Result

Question 39

Who invented the mouse?

Answer 39

Stanford Research Institute

Question 40

According to OECD standards, the person in charge of privacy policies and interacting with individuals regarding their privacy is the..

Answer 40

data controller

Question 41

SQL

Answer 41

Tables

Question 42

Tags

Answer 42

Relation

Question 43

Tuple

Answer 43

Row

Question 44

XML is a ?

Answer 44

programming language

Question 45

Hierarchical DB

Answer 45

inverted trees

Question 46

The concept of fair use allows the user to..

Answer 46

lease a work already in the public domain