Final

Question 1

What are the different systems of government?

Answer 1

Unitary, Federal, Confederal

Question 2

Unitary Government System

Answer 2

hierarchical organization with central government at top

Question 3

how is power divided in a unitary system?

Answer 3

through devolution

delegates certain responsibilities to lower levels of gov’t

Question 4

Federal Government System

Answer 4

two levels of government; federal and provincial

Question 5

how is power split in the federal system?

Answer 5

responsibilities divided between federal and provincial levels

constitutional changes need to be approved by both gov’t to pass

Question 6

concument

Answer 6

certain responsibilities in a federal system that both federal and provincial gov’t are responsible for

eg management of transportation and infrastructure

Question 7

two types of federal goverment

Answer 7

centralized: when there is a very strong central government
decentralized: when there are very strong provincial governments

Question 8

benefits of the unitary system

Answer 8

everyone works toward common good

national unity because there is more of a focus on national issues

easy to have central government held accountable for actions

same level of government services in all regions

efficient

Question 9

benefits of the federal system

Answer 9

provincial/state gov’t sensitive to needs of population

able to cover more ppl in rural places, geographically concentrated minorities

check for abuse of power

easier to participate in policy-making processes

greater recognitions of cultural diversity

limits concentration of gov’t

Question 10

disadvantages of federal gov’t

Answer 10

suited to interests of geographically dispersed minorities

conflicts between different levels of government; harder agree on things and get shit done

promotes parochialism, weakens national identity

Question 11

confederal system

Answer 11

sovereign states agreeing to delegate some of their authority while maintaining their sovereignty

institutions only have the powers given to them by the gov’t

Question 12

example of confederal system

Answer 12

European Union

Question 13

key features of confederal system

Answer 13

free movement of people, goods, services, capital

common currency throughout

Question 14

democratic consolidation

Answer 14

all interest groups understand that democratic means is the best method for power

everyone understands and accepts new rules

cannot veto the actions of democratically elected decision makers

Question 15

why reach democracy?

Answer 15

gives freedom, creates civil society

closely related to development

people are more integrated into society

Question 16

what are the concepts of human development?

Answer 16

literacy rates

mortality rates

economic growth

Question 17

conceptualizing democracy

Answer 17

1. focus on source of authority -> PEOPLE are the authority. rule of people, power from within
2. output of government
   what is gov’t doing?
   what can it do better?
3. procedures for constituting the government

Question 18

5 differences between democratic and non-democratic gov’t

Answer 18

1. cannot reliably by controlled by citizens; no accountability
2. restrict citizen’s participation in politics
3. limit pluralism, only allow organizations aligned with regime
4. justice is politicized and partial
5. info is limited and censored

Question 19

3 goals of development

Answer 19

1. satisfy the basic needs of everyone (food, housing, water, education, health care, employment)
2. more diversified and sophisticated economy
3. environmentally sustainable development

Question 20

challenges in developing countries

Answer 20

1. social stability
2. health and social care
3. public education
4. civil rights and equality
5. rule of law; equal and open to all
6. restrain the use of force on citizens
7. having military in politics
8. territorial integrity; borders secure? accepted?

Question 21

modernization theory

Answer 21

poor countries have to change traditional values

copy developed countries

Question 22

dependency theory

Answer 22

underdevelopment is a result of power imbalance between countries

Question 23

political socialization

Answer 23

process which values, beliefs, political cultures are transmitted to members of a country

Question 24

agents of socialization

Answer 24

family, friends, media, education, peers, religion, workplace, state actots

Question 25

formal vs informal socialization

Answer 25

institutionalized vs family/peers

leads to varying, divergent results

changes values and priorities

Question 26

Inglehart’s postmodern theory

Answer 26

generations that grow up in relative security and affluence after WWII give priority to

1. freedom of expressions
2. participate in political things
3. quality of life
4. environment

Question 27

Dalton

Answer 27

greater citizen activism
more questioning of authority
new parties
more liberal inclinations

Question 28

Realism

Answer 28

International system is based off anarchy

Most important thing for countries to do is to gain military power

If we can’t look after ourselves, we’ll die

Make war too costly

Build up strength to deter ppl from attacking you

Question 29

Liberal Internationalism

Answer 29

increase cultural & social connections

increase economic independence

this will lead to global civil society

then rule of law, cooperation, and peace will be respected

should rely on the law, state security is better thru collective approach

Question 30

peace keeping

Answer 30

observe a truce or ceasefire

Question 31

peace making

Answer 31

military intervention to subdue warring parties

Question 32

peace building

Answer 32

military forces support infrastructure development

e.g. build schools, health care