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Virology > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

Herpesvirus - morphology

A

enveloped, icosahedral capside (100-110 nm)

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2
Q

Herpesvirus- describe infection

A

self limiting but sever in immunocompromise/novel host

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3
Q

Herpesvirus - human 1,2,3 conditions

A

oral, genital, chickenpox

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4
Q

BHV-1 - diseases

A

abortion, IBR (rhinotracheitis), IPV (pustular vulvovag), IPB (pustular balanoposthitis)

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5
Q

EHV 1 and 4 - necropsy

A

Rhinopneumonitis (1/4)- edema and petechiation; abortion (1/4) -fetus not autolyzed; neruo (1)- brain/spinal cord hemorrhage

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6
Q

Herpesvirus inclusions

A

Intranuclear

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7
Q

EHV 3 - condition

A

Equine coital exanthema

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8
Q

Equine coital exanthema - incidence and occurence

A

worldwide, subclinical, with persistence and recurrence

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9
Q

Rhinopneumonitis- viral cause

A

EHV 1 and 4

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10
Q

Equine coital exanthema -etiology

A

EHV 3

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11
Q

Equine coital exanthema -CS

A

vesicles on skin of vulva or penis that progress to erosions and scabs, heal in 2 weeks; secondary bacterial skin infection common, may leave depigmentation

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12
Q

Human betaherpes

A

5, 6, 7 (cytomegalovirus, roseolovirus, pityriasis rosea

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13
Q

Human gamma herpes

A

4, 8 (eppstein barr, kaposi’s sarcoma)

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14
Q

Sheep and wildebeast

A

Catarrhal fever!

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15
Q

Poxvirus - morphology

A

Very large enveloped complex virion (brick vs ovoid)

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16
Q

Poxvirus - lesions

A

Epitheliotropic - induces proliferative lesions

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17
Q

Poxvirus - inclusions

A

Intracytoplasmic

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18
Q

Poxvirus - pathogenesis

A

Self limiting to lethal, can be broad hosts, zoonotic potential

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19
Q

Poxvirus - disease caused by

A

Chordopoxviruses (has 9 genera)

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20
Q

Name the two zoonotic pox viruses

A

Chrodopoxviruses: Orthopoxvirus and parapoxvirus

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21
Q

Orthopoxvirus- infection

A

Cowpox virus

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22
Q

Orthopoxvirus- species

A

Man, cattle, cats, zoo species

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23
Q

Parapoxvirus- infection

A

Pseudocowpox virus, bovine papular stomatitis, orf virus

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24
Q

Parapoxvirus- species

A

sheep, cattle, goat, human

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25
Q

Pseudocowpox- describe

A

Pathognomonic ring/horseshoe lesion, teat lesions proliferative, milker’s nodule in humans

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26
Q

What is the most important pox virus of all domestic animals

A

Sheeppox, goatpox, LSD (lumpy skin disease) of cattle

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27
Q

Sheeppox, goatpox, LSD - mortality/morbidity

A

Mortality high especially in young, morbidity = loss of milk/meat

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28
Q

Sheeppox goatpox- etiology

A

Different species tropisms in each geographic region

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29
Q

Sheeppox goatpox- CS

A

Malignant (more common)- lesions, depression, fever, discharge, sudden death before lesions; Benign- only skin lesions under tail

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30
Q

Sheeppox goatpox- describe lesions

A

On unwooled skin and on buccal, respiratory, digestive and urognital mucosae

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31
Q

LSD of cattle- geo origin

A

SE africa- spreading

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32
Q

Sheeppox goatpox LSD- virus type

A

carpripoxvirus

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33
Q

LSD of cattle- CS

A

Respiratory and skin lesions, lymphadenopathy and edema

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34
Q

LSD of cattle- morbidity/mortality

A

Morbidity 100%, mortality 1-2%

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35
Q

LSD of cattle- differentiate from

A

pseudo-lumpy skin disease (BoVH2)

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36
Q

Fowlpox- describe lesions

A

Comb, wattle, face

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37
Q

Parvovirus- morphology and nucleic acid type

A

small, naked, icosahedral (18-26), linear ssDNA (5kb)

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38
Q

Parvovirus- replication

A

Replicates in rapidly dividing cells’ nucleus (GI tract, WBC, pregnancy,

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39
Q

Parvovirus- inclusions

A

Eosinophilic intranuclear

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40
Q

Parvovirus- repro consequences

A

SMEDI- stillbirth, mummification, embryonic death, infertility

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41
Q

Porcine parvovirus- diseases

A

stillbirth, abortion, fetal death, mummification, infertility

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42
Q

Feline manifestation of parvovirus

A

Feline panleukopenia virus - cerebellar hypoplasia, panleukpenia, enteritis

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43
Q

Canine parvovirus- conditions

A

neonatal disease, enteritis, myocarditis, panleukopenia

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44
Q

Other species parvovirus

A

Mink enteritis (and panleukopenia), goose parvovirus (hepatitis)

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45
Q

Porcine parvovirus- disease

A

ONLY in pregnant! SMEDI syndrome- still birth, mummification, embryonic death, infertility

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46
Q

Cause of SMED in porcine parvovirus

A

Intrauterine infection that affects embryo or fetus

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47
Q

Canine parvovirus 2- CS

A

Subclinical common, severe most common in puppies 6w-6m - enteritis,hemorrhagic diarrhea, septic shock from villi destruction, myocarditis if infected in utero or in first week

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48
Q

Circovirus- morphology

A

Smallest known vertebrate DNA virus - naked, icosahedral

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49
Q

Circovirus- nucleic acid type

A

Circular ssDNA

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50
Q

Circovirus- species

A

birds and swine

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51
Q

Circovirus- replication

A

In cell nucleus of rapidly dividing cells- produces large basophilic intracytoplasmic and occasionally intranuclear inclusion bodies

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52
Q

Psittacine beak and feather disease- birds

A

cockatoos, parrots, budgerigars

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53
Q

Psittacine beak and feather disease- virus

A

circovirus, but usually subclinical

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54
Q

Psittacine beak and feather disease- pathology

A

Infects feather, beak and claw follicles - causes necrosis and feather malformation as they grow

55
Q

What exceptions exist in herpes virus to their strong host specificity

A

pseudorabies, malignant catarrhal fever, herpes virus B in primates

56
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of IBR, what kind of virus is it

A

Herpes alpha; genital lesions, respiratory disease, abortion

57
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of EHV1

A

Abortion, paralysis/neuro, respiratory

58
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of EHV 4

A

Respiratory only

59
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of EHV 3

A

Genital lesions

60
Q

malignant catarrhal fever is endemic to/is fatal to

A

Sheep/cattle, wildebeest/cattle in africa

61
Q

Malignant catarrhal fever- CS

A

Mucopurulent discharge with lots of inflammatory cells, infects just about every oven

62
Q

When is malignant catarrhal fever shed

A

During birthing provcess because mother is immunocompromised

63
Q

What kind of virus causes bumblefoot

A

Poxvirus

64
Q

What pox virus is not the normal shape?

A

Parapoxvirus is helical/spheroid instead of brick shaped like other poxviruses

65
Q

What are the two zoonotic poxviruses

A

Ortho and para

66
Q

Which pox virus has broad host specificity

A

ortho

67
Q

Which pox virus can become systemic

A

Capripox has epitheliotropic component but is lethal due to systemic spread

68
Q

Capripox- morbidity/mortality

A

high/low

69
Q

Horsehoe shaped lesion on teat

A

Pseudocow pox

70
Q

Hallmark of parvovirus morphology

A

no envelope, long environmental persistence

71
Q

Parvo - inclusions

A

Intranuclear but some can have intracytoplasmic

72
Q

Which parvovirus can have intracytoplasmic inclusions

A

circo

73
Q

What kind of cells does parvovirus infect

A

rapid dividing- GI, embryo, respiratory, bone marrow

74
Q

Compare and contrast feline panleukopenia and canine parvovirus

A

Feline- in utero infection causes cerebellar hypoplasia; canine parvo causes cardiomyopathy

75
Q

Chem/CBC findings of parvovirus

A

low albumin, very lob WBC

76
Q

What kind of virus is psitticine beak and feather disease

A

circo

77
Q

Treat parvovirus

A

Enrofloxacin or FQs

78
Q

Where is cowpox found

A

Europe

79
Q

What kind of virus is cowpox-

A

Orthopox

80
Q

Where are orthopox found

A

Worldwide

81
Q

What kind of virus is pseudocowpox

A

parapox

82
Q

Where is parapox found

A

worldwide

83
Q

Where are capripox viruses found

A

Africa and asia

84
Q

What is the reservoir for cowpox

A

Rodents

85
Q

Name the parapox diseases

A

pseudocowpox, bovine papular stomatitis, orf virus

86
Q

What feline conditions cause conjunctivitis

A

chlamydophila, mycoplasma

87
Q

CS of herpesvirus in cats

A

corneal ulcers! rhinitis, pharyngitis,

88
Q

CS of calicivirus

A

oral ulcers alone or pneumonia

89
Q

Name a beta herpes virus

A

inclusion body rhinitis/porcine cytomegalovirus

90
Q

Describe biological vector

A

Virus is amplified in the tissue of the vector

91
Q

What is a mechanical vector

A

virus is not amplified, but carried from animal to animal

92
Q

Reservoir host

A

Develops viremia at levels capable of infecting vector

93
Q

Dead end host

A

Develop low viremia levels, doesnt transmit virus

94
Q

What is an arbovirus

A

Arthropod born virus

95
Q

Epidemic cycle

A

transmission cycle of outbreaks in humans only and animal-human disease

96
Q

enzootic cycle

A

transmission cycle in animals continuing without outbreak level

97
Q

Epizootic cycle

A

outbreak transmission cycle in animals (animal epidemic)

98
Q

What kind of virus is West Nile

A

Falviviridae, ssRNA, enveloped

99
Q

What is targeted for a vaccine in West Nile

A

E-glycoprotein - a surface protein with neutralizing activity

100
Q

What is the only viremic host of West Nile

A

avian - esp crows

101
Q

West Nile- horse CS hallmark

A

Fasciculation and head, neck, trunk tremors.

102
Q

What is the diagnostic standard of west nile

A

IgM capture ELISA

103
Q

What are the alphaviruses

A

EEE, WEE, VEE

104
Q

EEE - disease

A

severe and fatal encephalitis- head pressing, seizures, paralysis

105
Q

WEE- disease

A

milder form of EEE- mentation change, paralysis, less mortality

106
Q

Diagnose alphavirus

A

IgM capture ELISA

107
Q

VEE- life cycle

A

Endemic cycle between rats and mosquitos mutating to epidemic cycle between horses and mosquitos- becoming more pathogenic- horses become reservoir

108
Q

VEE- CS

A

Severe mentation changes, headpressing, seizures, paralysis

109
Q

VEE diagnosis-

A

IgM ELISA

110
Q

Which alphaviruses have vax

A

EEE, WEE

111
Q

What strains of VEE are low pathogenicity

A

IE (ID)

112
Q

What strains for VEE arise from IE (?)

A

IAB and IC

113
Q

What is the vector for VEE

A

Endemic mosquito

114
Q

Adenovirus- morphology

A

Non-enveloped, large genome, intranuclear inclusions

115
Q

Adenovirus- diagnosis

A

PCR with sequencing

116
Q

Adenovirus- tx

A

cidofovir

117
Q

Infectious canine hepatitis- virus

A

K9 adenovirus 1

118
Q

K9 adenovirus 1- transmission

A

Ingestion/inhalation of body secretion

119
Q

K9 adenovirus 1- CS

A

depression, abdominal pain, pale MM, blue corneal opacity, liver failure

120
Q

Canine infectious tracheobronchitis- virus

A

K9 adenovirus 2

121
Q

Canine infectious tracheobronchitis- CA2 - transmission

A

direct contact with infected secretion or contaminated fomite

122
Q

Canine infectious tracheobronchitis- CA2 - CS

A

dry hacking cough without fever

123
Q

Canine infectious tracheobronchitis- CA2 - Tx

A

rest, cough suppressant if not productive, Abx for secondary infection

124
Q

Equine adenovirus- types

A

1- respiratory

2- pathogenic

125
Q

Papillomavirus- morphology

A

small DNA virus that changes often, unenveloped and diverse

126
Q

Papillomavirus- CS

A

Cutaneous lesions, can be oncogenic

127
Q

Papillomavirus- inclusions

A

NONE!

128
Q

Large firm lesions anywhere on body of horse, 20% of equie tumors

A

Equine sarcoids- bovine papillomavirus 1 or 2

129
Q

Genital squamous cell carcinoma- virus

A

ecPV2

130
Q

Polyomaviridae- morphology

A

small, round, non-enveloped dsDNA

131
Q

Polyomaviridae- avian

A

Fatal hepatitis, nephritis, enteritis

132
Q

Polyomaviridae- raccoons

A

brain tumors

133
Q

Polyomaviridae- equine

A

nephritis

Virology (2 decks)

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