Final Flashcards
What is classical presentation for ringworm in horses?
alopecia around periocular, face, girth area
What horse derm dz causes severe pruritis, happens in winter, and causes alopecia on the mane and neck?
pediculosis (lice)
What horse derm dz happens in the summer, is progressive and causes rat tail?
culicoides
What horse derm dz causes extreme pruritis, happens in the summer, and occurs in horses greater than 4 years old?
onchocerciasis
What horse derm dz causes paintbrush scabs along dorsum and occurs in fall and winter?
dermatophilosis
What is the only pemphigus dz that affects horses?
pemphigus foliaceus
What hypersensitivity type is caused by sensitized T lymphocytes and is involved in allergic contact dermatitis?
Type 4
What do most treatments for atopic dermatitis act on?
TH2 cells
What do animals with atopy have increased numbers of?
langerhan cells, T helper 2 cells, cytokines
What is the MOA of cyclosporine?
inhibits cytokine release, inhibits langerhan cells, inhibits histamine
What drug can be given with cyclosporine to decrease the dose?
ketoconazole
What is the difference between atopy and contact dermatitis?
atopy: type 1-4, typically 1
contact: type 4
What are the treatment options for feline plasma cell pdododermatitis?
doxycycline, cyclosporine, chrysotherapy
What type of hypersensitivity is food allergies?
type 1-3, can be immediate or delayed
What is the disease that causes vesicles and urticarial plaques in response to drug reactions in small animals?
erythema multiforme
What is the name of the disease that is a serious drug reaction and results in large areas of skin to necrose and slough?
toxic epidermal necrolysis
WHat drugs can cause erythema multiforme?
cephalexin, chloramphenicol, gentimicin, thyroxine, TMS, penicillin, aurothioglucose, diethylcarbamazine
What lesions are present in subcorneal pustular dermatosis?
nonfolicular pustules that are transient, may be pruritic
What is the treatment for subcorneal pustular dermatosis?
sulfonamides
What breed is predisposed to panniculitis?
dachsunds
What is the treatment for panniculitis?
tocopherol (Vit E), pentoxiphyline, steroids, tetra
Term for sudden hair loss immediately after severe illness or chemotherapy?
anagen defluxion
Term for massive shedding due to stressful event.
telogen defluxion
What underlying diseases are associated with metabolic epidermal necrosis?
hepatic disease (DM, glucagon tumor, cushings)
What causes the lesions associated with metabolic epidermal necrosis?
hypoaminoacidemia or high glucagon
What is the characteristic histopathological lesion associated with metabolic epidermal necrosis?
french flag lesion - red white and blue
What neoplasms are associated with feline paraneoplastic alopecia?
adrenal tumors, glucagonomas, thymic tumors, splenic tumor
What is the lesion distribution for feline paraneoplastic alopecia?
periocular and ventral abdomen
What are treatment options for a dog with symmetric lupoid oncydystrophy?
tetra and niacinamide
pentoxyphylline
glucocorticoids
What drugs result in ototoxicity in dogs?
high concentration chlorhexadine
aminoglycosides
What special considerations should be made for using aminoglycosides to treat otitis externa in a dog?
allergic rxns, tear in tympanic membrane
What feather type helps find vessels on birds?
apteria
What is the top beak called?
rhinotheca
What is the bottom beak called?
gnathotheca
What nutritional deficiency leads to derm problems in birds?
vit A
What is Beak and feather disease caused by? Where does it multiply?
circovirus
bursa of fabricious - younger birds more susceptible
What are CS of beak and feather disease?
pterylodysplasia (pinched or clubbed feathers)
beak necrosis
What species of bird are susceptible to knemidokoptic mange?
budgies and canaries
What are the CS of knemidokoptes?
glaborous skin affected, overgrown beak, whitish lesions
What is the most important factor is dysecdysis in reptiles?
humidity and hydration
What does hypovitaminosis A cause in turtles?
squamous metaplasia of cells - eustacian tubes
What organisms can be found in rabbit abscesses?
not ONLY pasteurella
also s. aureus, proteus, etc
What is the tx for small mammal abscesses?
must do sx
What causes syphilis in rabbits?
treponema cuniculi
What are the CS of syphillis in rabbits?
crusts around nose and genital area
What flea med should never be used in rabbits?
fipronil (frontline)
What fur mite do rabbits get?
walking dandruff - cheyletiella
What must ivermectin be diluted with?
propylene glycol
What kind of pigs are most likely to be affected by exudative epidermitis?
suckling pig
What is the pathogenesis of swine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome?
vasculitis
What do the macroconidia of Microsporum nanum look like?
ovoid, 1-3 cells
What CS are associated with sarcoptes scabei in pigs?
aural hematomas, popular dermatitis, reduced feed efficiency
What bacteria causes exudative epidermitis?
staph hyicus
What is the sucking louse that affects pigs?
hematopinus suis
What breed of pig most commonly gets pityriasis rosea?
landrace
What have erysipelas outbreak sources been associated with?
birds
What causes giant cell pneumonia in landrace pigs?
dermatosis vegetans
What pig skin diseases are zoonotic?
erysipelas, sarcoptes, m. nanum (NOT swine pox)
What breeds of pigs get scrotal hemangiomas?
yorkshire and berkshire
What is parakeratosis due to in pigs?
excess calcium
How long can erysipelas survive in the environment?
6 months
What is hog choler caused by? (classical swine fever)
pestivirus
What kind of bacteria is erysipelas?
gram + rod
What plant causes skin necrosis when fed along grains in pigs?
claviceps purpurea
What are the CS of subacute exudative epidermitis?
thickened/wrinkled skin with furrows
