Final Flashcards

1
Q

Primat politiky

A

Raymond Aron: co odlisuje spolecnosti je polit.system, ne ekonomika

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2
Q

2 pristupy v politice

A

Usili o prosazeni obecneho dobra vs. usili o ziskani moci

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3
Q

Kdo muze byt v CR politikem?

A

Obcan CR, min. 21 let - to je vse

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4
Q

Jaky je rozdil mezi politikem a urednikem?

A

Politik - je amater, nese odpovednost

Urednik - profesional, vykonava pokyny politiku

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5
Q

Co je to stat?

A

Instituce jasne vymezena uzemim, populaci a politickym systemem. Stat ma nad danym uzemim moc vynucovat dodrzovani zakonu (vnitrni suverenita) + vnejsi suverenita

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6
Q

Co je to vnejsi suverenita?

A

Schopnost statu vstupovat do styku s jinymi, je ostatnimi uznavan

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7
Q

Jaky je rozdil mezi legalitou a legitimitou?

A

Legalita- uplatnovani statni moci podle stanoveneho zakona (pravni stat)
Legitimita - dodrzovani vlastnich prav a uznavani prav mezinarodnich

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8
Q

Co je to failed state?

A

Selhava pri plneni zakl.fci. Ztraci nadvladu nad svym uzemim, chybi legitimni autorita, nefunguji verejne sluzby, statni instituce apod. Kriminalita (somalsko, libye)

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9
Q

Horizontalni delba moci

A

Brzdy a vahy - zakonodarna, vykonna a soudni

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10
Q

Vertikalni delba moci

A

Obec, kraj, stat
X
Unitarni stat

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11
Q

Co je to unitarni stat

A

Stat s nedilnou statni suverenitou, nedelitelne uzemi, nedelitelna statni moc

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12
Q

Co je to federace?

A

Dobrovolne spojeni rovnopravnych, autonomnich subjektu do jednoho statopravniho celku na zaklade ustavy. Dve urovne moci - fed. a statni

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13
Q

Co je to konfederace?

A

Volne spojeni suverennich statu na zaklade mezinarodni smlouvy, nestabilni

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14
Q

Co je to ustava a jaka byla nejstarsi?

A

Soubor psanych i nepsanych pravidel obsahujici znaky statu, zakladni hodnoty, principy apod. Nejstarsi ustava USA 1787

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15
Q

Co je to nominalni ustava?

A

Obsah ustavy se neshoduje s realitou (SSSR)

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16
Q

K cemu slouzi parlament?

A

Schvalovani zakonu navrzenych vladou, interpelace - kladeni otazek, vyjadreni neduvery vlade…

17
Q

Co je to unikameralismus a kde se s nim setkame?

A

Jednokomorovy parlament, v malych hegemonnich statech (dansko, svedsko, nz)

18
Q

Jake jsou klady a zapory bikameralismu?

A

+ kontrola dodrzovani ustavnosti, reprezentativnost - stepeni spol., predchazeni chybam
- zpomaleni legisl.procesu, nakladnost, pri slabosti jedne z komor je to zbytecny system

19
Q

Co je to Spolkovy snem?

A

Nemecko, instituce, jez neni oficialne druhou komorou, ale je vyrazem statnosti jednotlivych spolkovych zemi (zastupci spolkovych vlad)

20
Q

Dva modely vykonne moci:

A

Jednohlava exekutiva - prezidentsky rezim USA

Dvouhlava exekutiva - hlava statu + vlada s premierem v cele

21
Q

Rozdil mezi policy, polity a politics.

A

policy - obsahova stranka, polity - formalni stranka, a politics - procesni stranka