Final Flashcards
Rococo
Patrons were the monarchy, aristocrats, or the church
Style of Interior design
Many reflections from all the details
Profusely decorated walls
Arabesques, S-shapes, Cupids, clouds,
Themes of sensuality, luxury,
Fete Galante - Garden parties
Lack of Clarity, Spiraling movement, dynamic
Pastel colors, playful, curves, gold, witty, superficial, immoral, erotic, flowing brushstrokes, drama, theatrical, motherhood, women = godesses
Reactions to Rococo
Believed Rococo was immoral
art should inspire virtue and purify manners
Historical paintings
Ordinary people being ordinary
English believed French were immoral so they became super moral
Neoclassicism
Classical and Renaissance past in Italy
inspired patriotism, dignity, honor
Compositions are symmetrical, lack depth,
simplicity, frozen forms, control, reserved emotion, cool colors, clarity, accuracy
“noble simplicity and calm grandeur”
Celebrates universal and high-minded
Enlightenment values including socials change, natural beauty, science
Romanticism
Life isn’t rosy like Rococo, nor rational like Neoclassical
Celebrates the individual and the subjects
Themes similar to those of novellas, stories, and poems
fantasy, remote time or place, fear of the unknown, supernatural, dramatic, imaginary, exotic, and irrational subjects, Sublime, Heroes, and subconscious, and nostalgia, uncontrollable nature, death
Current event, loose brushwork, off-balance composition, dramatic lighting, emotional, passionate, imaginative, mysterious, satanic, uncontrollable nature,
Realism
“representation of object which the artist can see and touch”
“abstract object, invisible and nonexistent, does not belong to painting”
World plagued by violence, social unrest, overcrowding, and poverty
Dull, dark colors, awkward poses, stilted compositions, realistic, gloomy, degrading, working class, political agenda, ugly truth, earth tones,
Objective, no emotion, no imaginary beings
Impressionism
Instantaneity Element of light, Moment in painting Upper middle class at leisure Fast, open brushstrokes Unfinished look, flat works, asymmetrical, landscapes, prismatic color
Copley
rococo?
USA
WATSON AND THE SHARK
Painted portraits
Contemporary history
Trying to show they are intelligent and interesting
Watteau
Rococo
France
EMBARKATION FOR CYTHERA Fluent brushstrokes, Rich colors Painted for aristocrats Themes of love, not always real humans, Fete Galante - Elegant Garden Party
Boucher
Rococo
France
GIRL RECLINING
Painted for the king
Themes of mythology, portraits, scenes of daily life, erotic works
Fragonard
Rococo
France
THE SWING
Themes of Sensuality, sense of humor
Clodion
Rococo
France
INVENTION OF THE BALLOON
Erotic table-top sculpture
unpainted terra-cotta
Carriera
Rococo
Italy
Portraits for wealthy
Used mainly pastels
Canaletto
Rococo
Italy
Painted city views of Venice (postcard)
Benjamin West
Neoclassic
England
DEATH OF GENERAL WOLFE
History paintings > contemporary history
Mengs
Neoclassic
France
Pernassus
Themes: Classical mythology,
Compositions are symmetrical, pyramidal, lacking depth
Canova
Neoclassical
Italy
Grand public monuments for Europe’s leaders / Erotic mythological subjects Sculpture
Hogarth
Neoclassical
English
Trained as a portrait painter
Believed art should educate morals
Made his own novels out of paintings (4-6)
Reynolds
Neoclassical
English
LADY SARAH BUNBURY SACRIFICING TO THE GRACES
Grand Manner - portraits set in historical or mythological times
Gainsborough
Rococo
English
combined portraits and landscapes
Angelica Kauffmann
Neoclassic
England
CORNILIA POINTING TO HER CHILDREN AS HER TREASURES
History paintings, Classical subjects
Neoclassical theme - Good mother
art should teach morals
Fuseli
Romantic
English
THE NIGHTMARE
History painter, but specialized in dramatic subjects
Supernatural, irrational subjects, fear of the unknown
William Blake
Romantic
English
NEWTON
Dramatic, weird, different art style
Believed the rules at the academy blocked creativity
Nature of good and evil
Elements from the Bible, Greek mythology, and British legend
was thought to be crazy
Soufflot
Neoclassical
France
PANTHEON in paris
Chardin
Reaction to Rococo
France
THE GOVERNESS Genre painting Touching scenes of everyday middle class life
Greuze
Reaction to Rococo
Melodrama
Highly emotional, theatrical, and moralizing
Vigee-Lebrun
Rococo
France
MARIE ANTOINETTE WITH HER CHILDREN
Queen Marie Antoinette’s portrait painter
“Good mother” theme
David
Neoclassical
France
OATH OF THE HORATII
Severely plain paintings
Masculine and patriotism
Propaganda for Napoleon
Girodet-Trioson
Neoclassical
France
Restrained color and composition
Labille-Guiard
Rococo
France
SELF-PORTRAIT WITH TWO PUPILS
Houdon
Neoclassical
France
Classical manner, contemporary clothes
Goya
Romantic
Spain
SLEEP OF REASON PRODUCES MONSTERS
Current event, loose brushwork, off-balance composition, dramatic lighting, sarcastic, satire
Gericault
Romantic
France
THE RAFT OF THE MEDUSA
Contemporary history
Dynamic, exaggerated, movement, energetic
Delacroix
Romantic
France
Contemporary history
Interested in color
Rude
Romantic
France
Departure of the Volunteers of 1972
Ingres
Romantic
France
Subject matter is Romantic but format is Neoclassical
abstracted figures for composition
Sensual, erotic, exotic odalisque
Daumier
Realist
France
Satirical lithographs
Criticized all professions
Constable
Romantic
England
THE HAY WAIN
Landscapes
Dullish color
Nostalgic
Turner
Romantic
England
Landscapes / seascapes with historical subjects
Freer brushwork, bright colors, drama,
expressed emotions
Cole
Romantic
United States
The Oxbow
Landscapes
Friedrich
Romantic
Germany
Landscape to achieve spiritual revelation
Courbet
Realist
France
THE STONEBREAKERS
Large paintings of lower class peasants
Political statement, liked to provoke
Dull, dark colors, awkward poses, stilted compositions
Realistic, gloomy and degrading
didn’t follow academic rules for composition
Millet
Realist
France
no political agenda
Interested in poor people
Carot
Romantic
France
Historical landscapes > naturalistic landscapes
feathery brushwork,
Bonheur
Romantic
France
woman painter
Manet
Realist / Impressionist
France
Commitment to Realism Scandalous - Immorality Modern urban life middle class in contemporary life influenced by photography
Repin
Realist
Russia
Bargehaulers on the Volga
Peasant
Eakins
Realist
USA
THE GROSS CLINIC
Interested in Anatomy
Homer
Realism
USA
THE LIFE LINE
Lewis
Realist
USA
FOREVER FREE
Tanner
Realist
USA
THE BANJO LESSON
African American subject matter
Monet
Impressionist
France
Fast, open brushstrokes
Unfinished look, Moment in painting, Modern painting style, Pure unmixed color directly onto canvas, Capture the play of light quickly, landscape
Pissarro
Impressionist
France
WOODED LANDSCAPE AT L’HERMITAGE
Urban life meets the rural
light color, intense hues, loose brushstrokes
Qualities of light
Renoir
Impressionist
France
MOULIN DE LA GALETTE
Figure painting
upper middle class at leisure
Happy, joyful images
Cassatt
Impressionist
USA / France
Focused on figures
domestic and social life of upper-middle class women
flat works
Morison
Impressionist
France
domestic and social life of upper-middle class women flattened works, visible brushwork
Degas
Impressionism
France
Themes and styles were most similar to Manet than Impressionist
Ballet dancers
