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Chemistry > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

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0
Q

Precision

A

Reflects how close the values In a set of measurements are to each other

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1
Q

Accuracy

A

How close the measured value is to the actual value

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2
Q

Conversions

A

K h d m d c m

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3
Q

Density formula

A

Mass/ volume= d

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4
Q

Percent error formula

A

Accepted value-experimental value/ accepted value x 100

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5
Q

Chemistry

A

The scientific study of matter and the changes that it undergoes

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6
Q

Scientific method

A 
Ask a question
Do background research
Create a hypothesis
Do an experiment 
Gather the data
Form a conclusion
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7
Q

Matter

A

Anything that takes up space

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8
Q

Atom

A

Basic building block of matter

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9
Q

What 2 groups can matter be grouped into

A

Pure substances- type of matter with constant composition and properties throughout.
Mixtures- physical combination of 2 or more substances

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10
Q

Types of pure substances

A

Elements and compounds

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11
Q

Types of mixtures

A

Homogenous

Heterogenous

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12
Q

Homogenous

A

A Solution, mixed thoroughly and evenly

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13
Q

Heterogenous

A

Consists of visibly different substances

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14
Q

Element

A

A substance made of only one kind of atom

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15
Q

Compound

A

Made up of more than 1 type of atom

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16
Q

Molecule

A

Smallest particle of a compound

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17
Q

Colloid

A

A type of heterogenous mixture with a particle between a suspension and solution.

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18
Q

Tyndall effect

A

A colloid whose particles can’t be separates through filtration but scatter light

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19
Q

Emulsion

A

A colloidal dispersion of a liquid in either a liquid or a solid

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20
Q

Physical changes

A 
Changes that do not alter the identity of a substance 
Some include..
Changes of state
Separation of a mixture
Deformation (cutting, bending)
Making solutions
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21
Q

Chemical changes

A

Changes that occur when one substance is turned into another substance
Harder to reverse
Ex
Burning

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22
Q

Distillation

A

A purification process where the components of a liquid mixture are vaporized then condensed and isolated

23
Q

Evaporation

A

Removes a liquid from a solution to leave a solid material

24
Q

Chromatography

A

Involves solvent seperation on a solid medium

25
Q

Filltration

A

Separates solids of different sizes

26
Q

Law of conservation of mass

A

States that during a chemical reaction the mass of the products must be equal to mass of reactants.

27
Q

Law of definite proportions

A

Elements react to form compounds in fixed proportions by mass

28
Q

Law of multiple proportions

A

Elements combine with each other to form simple whole number ratios

29
Q

Electrons

A

Negative charge

30
Q

Protons

A

Positive charge

31
Q

Neutrons

A

No charge

32
Q

Isotopes

A

Atoms that have the same atomic number but different mass numbers due to a change in the number of neutrons

33
Q

Average atomic mass

A

Multiply atomic mass and percent abundance of each thing and then multiply.
Then add together

34
Q

Avogadro’s number

A

6.2x 10^23

35
Q

Period

A

Horizontal row

36
Q

Group

A

Vertical row

37
Q

Metals

A

Good conductors, malleable

38
Q

Non metal

A

Bad conductors, brittle

39
Q

Metalloid

A

Element with properties between metals and nonmetals.

40
Q

Combination

A

A+B–> AB

41
Q

Decomposition

A

AB–> A+B

42
Q

Single replacement

A

A+Bx–> B+Ax

43
Q

Double replacement

A

Ax+By–> Ay+Bx

44
Q

Combustion

A

Hydrocarbon + oxygen Always yields carbon dioxide and water

O2 –> CO2 + H2O

45
Q

Empirical formula

A

Convert to mols

Divide by the smallest number

46
Q

Retention factor equation (used in chromatography)

A

Distance travel by spot/distance traveled by solvent front

47
Q

Empirical formula

A

Convert to mols and then divide by the smallest number to find simplist form
If percents just turn it to grams.. 25% = 25g

48
Q

John dalton

A

Invented the atomic theory

49
Q

Rutherford

A

Did plum pudding experiment to find structure

50
Q

Molecular formula

A

Solve molecular formula molar mass and divide by empirical formula molar mass

51
Q

Sig figs

A

w/ decimal- read left to right, first non zero and everything after
w/o decimal- read right to left, first non zero

52
Q

Beta particle

A

0/-1e or B-

53
Q

Gamma ray

A

y

54
Q

Positron

A

0/+1B

55
Q

Alpha particle

A

4/2 He

56
Q

Heat capacity of water

A

4.18 g/joule

Chemistry (8 decks)

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