final Flashcards
1
Q
What are CDC recommendations?
A
improve effectiveness and impact of public health, inform clinicians, public healt practitioners and the public, Developed by advisory committees, based on a range of rationale from systematic reviews to expert opinions
2
Q
what is not a mode of transmission in the dental healthcare field?
A
direct contact with sterilized/ disinfected material prior to use.
3
Q
the chain of infection includes a pathogen, source, mode, entry and……
A
susceptible host
4
Q
standard precautions include what?
A
proper hand washing, use of gloves, masks, eye protection and gowns, cleaning and decontamination of equipment, cleaning and disinfecting environmental surfaces
5
Q
T/f, HIV has a relatively high conversion rate following percutaneous needle sticks and is very easily transmitted between individuals, unlike HBV, which has a very low conversion rate
A
False
6
Q
HBV is most highly concentrated in what?
A
blood and wound exudates
7
Q
HBV inovulation is administered in a series including…..
A
3 vaccinations spaced every 6 monthes with a titer 1-2 months following the 3rd shot
8
Q
is medicine administration control a exposure prevention strategy?
A
no
9
Q
Healthcare associated infections can be reduced dramatically by what?
A
using proper hand washing techniques
10
Q
although alcohol hand rubs are more effective what is not a limitiation it has?
A
it cant be mixed with emollientes or skin softeners
11
Q
T/F, the use of hand lotions to prevent skin dryness is recommended?
A
True
12
Q
T/F, surgical masks dont need to be changed in between patients
A
false
13
Q
Latex sensitivity/allergy may include….
A
runny nose, watery eyes, respiratory distress, death
14
Q
how must critical instruments be processed prior to use?
A
steam sterilization and single use items should be used when possible
15
Q
instrument processing areas include ……
A
receiving/ cleaning area, preparation and packaging, sterilization, storage areas
16
Q
T/F, cleaning is the basic first step in the sterilization process
A
True
17
Q
T/F, after cleaning instruments they must be washed to remove any chemical or detergent residue?
A
True
18
Q
T/F, basic examination gloves should be used when handling or cleaning contaminated instruments
A
False
19
Q
prior to sterilization, critical and semi-critical items must include an internal sterilization monitoring device. If the internal monitoring device cannot be seen, what must be done?
A
use an exertnal monitoring
20
Q
types of sterilization monitors include mechanical, chemical and…..
A
biological
21
Q
T/F, with saliva ejectors, previously suctioned fluids may be retracted into the patients mouth when a seal is created?
A
True
22
Q
T/F, single dose vials can be used with multiple patients as long as aseptic techniques are used
A
False
23
Q
T/F, antimicrobial soaps are less effective than antimicrobial soaps
A
Falsel
24
Q
Sterilization procesing areas should be cleaned…..
A
before, during and after processing
25
T/F, biohazard stickers are not required when transporting contaminated material as long as its in the same building
False
26
what is not a workplace control used in the school?
limiting the use of single-use items
27
what items are considered sharps?
matrix bands, irrigation syringes, single use vials
28
T/F, post exposure prophylaxis is recommended in all exposure cases
false
29
lab cases must include what information when shipped
disinfectant used and contact time.
30
What 3 things sum up preventative dentistry?
promote, restore, maintain
31
primary prevention is...
measures to prevent disease completely
32
secondary prevention relates to ......
early recognition and treatment of incipient illness
33
tertiary prevention
involves more complex and periodontal therapy.
34
what 3 things are involved in prevention?
preventing the onset, progess, recurrence of oral disease
35
what is the principle instrument in general bacterial plaque removal?
tooth brush
36
frist tooth brush was made when and by who?
1728, pierre fauchard, made of hogs hair
37
what else did fauchard develope?
splints for loose teeth, dentrifices, mouthwashes
38
first patented toothbrush
by H.N. Wadsworth in the 19th century,
39
when did nylon start to be used for tooth brushes?
1938
40
name the parts of the tooth brush
handle, head, shank
41
what are the main guidlines for teaching toothbrushing?
how, where, when, why
42
what angle should the bristles be?
45 deg.
43
what method is best for bacterial and plaque removal adjecent and directly beneath the gingival margin?
bass method-sulcular brushing method
44
T/F, each brushing should overlap the previous?
True
45
to control bacterial plaque and oral sanitation and halitosis prevention, how long and how many times a day shoud someone brush?
2 times, for 2 minutes
46
microorganisms are principally from the .....
tongue
47
is microflora on the tongue constant?
no its constantly changing
48
name some effect of cleaning your tongue?
reducing debris, retarding plaque formtation, reducting microorganisms, reducing halitosis,helps improve sense of taste.
49
how do you brush your tongue?
hold brush handle at 90 deg angle to midline of tongue, brush forward without scrubing papillae
50
how do you clean a tongue scrubber?
running hot water
51
how does floss help gingival health?
removes bacterial plaque, reduces interproximal bleeding,
52
when is flossing most effective?
when interdental papillae are present, when theres no loss of attachment, when theres no root surface exposure
53
how do you hold floss?
hold 12-18 peice with the thumb and middle finger of both hands, leave only 1/2 inch of floss between finger tips
54
how to use the floss
hold in diagonal or oblique position, use gentle sawing motion,wrap each tooth, go up and down each tooth
55
what are the main tools used in a oral examination?
mirror, tongue blade, dry gauze
56
T/F, you should be systematic using the same order for the exam every time?
True ( checklist manifesto)
57
by using a 5 step systematic list before inserting a IV line peter pronovost reduced the bacterial intruduction in 108 hospitals to essentially _____?
0 %
58
Extra-oral examination includes
color of skin, exam of head and neck, gross functioning of cranial nerves, TMJ, lymph nodes
59
which cranial nerve causes palsy?
CN 7
60
Thyroid exam
place hands over trachea have patient swallow
61
Lip exam
evert the lip and examine the tissue, frenum attachment, mucoceles may be present ( blocked non pathogenic salivary gland)
62
buccal mucosa examination
observe color, palpate tissue, observe stensons duct, hamular notch and pterygomandibular raphe
63
where are tori?
maxillary are in the middle of the hard palate, mandibular are lingual to the premolars
64
soft palate exam includes
vibrating line, tonsilar pillars, tonsils, oropharynx
65
Tonsils exam
tucked at the base of anterior and posterior tonsilar pillars, They regress after adulthood, may have white conocretions within the tissue
66
most common areas for cancer
tonge and floor of mouth
67
what other Cranial nerve causes palsy?
CN 12, tongue deviates
68
scientific term for geographic tongue?
erythema migrans
69
examining the floor of the mouth
bimanual palpate, must be dry, whartons duct,
70
triaging lesions includes
describing its characteristics, how long its been present, is it related to trauma?, has it occured before, does it wipe off, Does the patient have specific risk factors for neoplastic lesions?
71
whats an epulis fissuratum?
benign tumor casued by denture wear
72
whats apertognathia?
known as long face sydrome, vertical maxillary excess so the face is "long"
73
retrognathia
mandible is retruded
74
prognathia
mandible is protruded
75
Oral odors can indicate....
caries, periodontal d., URT infections, GI disturbances, lung abscesses, diabetic acidosis, Uremia, kidney problem, liver failure, alcohol usage
76
What does HIPPA mean ( according to the oral surgeon guy)
History, inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation
77
What does this"HIPPA" do?
we use it when doing our intraoral and extraoral exams
78
anterio triangle of the neck
anterior border of sterocleidomastoid m., lower border of mandible, midline
79
submental triangle
anterior belly of digastricm, body of hyoid bone, midline,
80
what contents are in the submental triangle?
anterior jugular v, submental lymph nodes
81
digastric triangle
2 bellies of digastric m, lower border of mandible
82
muscular triangle
anterior border of sternocleidomastoid m., superior belly of omohyoid m., midline
83
what is present in the muscular triangle?
thyroid gland, larynx, trachea, esophagus.
84
carotid triangle
anterior border of sternocleidomastoid m., posterior belly of digastric m., superior belly of omohyoid m,
85
whats present in the carotid triangle?
bifurcation of the common carotid artery, superior thyroid, external carotid artery, hypoglossal nerve
86
posterior auricular nodes
behind the ears
87
preauricular nodes
in fron the ears
88
parotid node
by the TMJ
89
occipital node
back of head
90
buccal node
above premolars on maxilla
91
facial node
mental foramen area of mandible
92
submental node
under the mandible
93
submandibular node
angle of ramus
94
jugulodigastric node
by digastric muslce and sternocleidomastoid muslce
95
deep cervical chain
run along the SCM anteriorly
96
jugulo-omohyoid node
where the omohyoid m. crosses the SCM muslce
97
anterior supraclavicular node
above the clavicle
98
posterior deep cervical nodes
run along the SCM posteriorly
99
what does ergonomics mean?
ergon- work, nomoi- natural laws
100
whats MSD and some symptoms
musculoskeletal disorder, excessive fatigue of neck and shoulders, tingling/burning in arms, weak grip, cramping in hands.
101
Factors causing MSD
repetition, poor fitness level, awkward posture, poor nutrition, poor lighting,
102
why do females have more wrist pain than males?
smaller wrists
103
what are some things in the dental office that affect ergonomics?
handpeice weight, dental chair, type of stool, patient position, delivery systems
104
postural awareness techniques
maintain lower back curve, use magnification system, adjust operating chair
105
what are some positioning strategies?
avoid static posture, alternate between sitting and standing, position patient at proper height, avoid twisting
106
elbows should be ___ than the shoulders
lower
107
wrists should be ___ or lower than your elbows
even
108
improper postures include...
elvevating shoulders, side bending, flexing neck, shoulders flexed, elbows flexed greater than 90 deg.
109
wrists should be__ or in a slight ___
straight, extension
110
which finger joint is slighlt flexed in a relaxed grip?
distal
111
you should always use a ___ to stabelize your hand.
fulcrom
112
supine position
head, knees, & feet are at the same level
113
reclined position
like a reclined chair
114
upright position
chair
115
strategies for working in close proximity to your patient
tilt your chair, knees under headrest, use a chair with a backrest,
116
you should never ___ to the ____ in regards to the patients position
adjust ,patient
117
the more the head is ____ , the faster significant muscle fatigue will set in
tilted
118
Delivery systems
find one that works best for you
119
what the name of the delivery system makers?
pelton and crane
120
Rear delivery system
12:00 position
121
ellipse delivery sytem
left/ right conversion in a balanced ergonomic design
122
over delivery system
over the patient( LECOM_
123
side delivery system
for hygiene, 9:00 position
124
delivery carts
move anywhere
125
right handed operator positions
7- front of pts head
9- side of pts head
10-12- back of pts head
126
left handed operator positions
5-front of pts head
3- side of pts head
2-12- back of pts head
127
what power brush technology reduced plaque and gingivitis more than any other technology?
oscillating/rotating
128
stannous fleoride dentifrice is effective for all the following conditions except:
abscessed teeth
129
sodium hexametaphosphate in cres prohealth toothpaste is the ingredient that...
prevents stain and calculus
130
Dexis
imaging software
131
Axium
EHR, electronic health record software
132
rolodex icon
look up and open patients records
133
scheduler icon
opens scheduled patient information and appointments
134
Electronic health record icon
patients medical history, SOAP notes, treatment plans and attachments
135
Periocharting icon
periodontal charts
136
patient attachments icon
allows you to attach docs
137
personal planner icon
add, select and view patients
138
evaluations icon
faculty evaluations for your work
139
Xray icon
allows you to view and pull up radiographs from dexis
140
info manager icon
allows for data to be collected and reports
141
whats the pupose of the desktop layout?
nothing its dumb, it lays out the same info but just in a format that looks like your in a dental office
142
blue chart number means....
your waiting for somthing to be approved
143
whats the first step to opening a patients records?
search rolodex, use last name or chart number. Dont leave a field blank cause it searches the whole system.
144
once a chart number is open when does it close?
at the end of the day automatically
145
where is the odontogram found?
electronic health record
146
how many tabs are found on the sim lab EHR?
9
147
whats the age range the odontogram automatically pulls open the primary teeth?
up to 8 years
148
missing teeth are marked with what?
a red M
149
what marks tooth notes/ conditions?
a red N
150
what does the alerts tab show?
information that is important to the provider like allergies, special patients, financial agreement
151
what does the problems tab show?
all unresolved patient issues and problems
152
how do faculty approve work?
they swipe a card, but its broken so for now they sign a paper
153
what are the little dots called?
elllipses
154
what does A mean?
existing condition
155
what does E mean?
existing restoration
