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general practice dentistry > final > Flashcards

final Flashcards

1
Q

What are CDC recommendations?

A

improve effectiveness and impact of public health, inform clinicians, public healt practitioners and the public, Developed by advisory committees, based on a range of rationale from systematic reviews to expert opinions

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2
Q

what is not a mode of transmission in the dental healthcare field?

A

direct contact with sterilized/ disinfected material prior to use.

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3
Q

the chain of infection includes a pathogen, source, mode, entry and……

A

susceptible host

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4
Q

standard precautions include what?

A

proper hand washing, use of gloves, masks, eye protection and gowns, cleaning and decontamination of equipment, cleaning and disinfecting environmental surfaces

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5
Q

T/f, HIV has a relatively high conversion rate following percutaneous needle sticks and is very easily transmitted between individuals, unlike HBV, which has a very low conversion rate

A

False

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6
Q

HBV is most highly concentrated in what?

A

blood and wound exudates

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7
Q

HBV inovulation is administered in a series including…..

A

3 vaccinations spaced every 6 monthes with a titer 1-2 months following the 3rd shot

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8
Q

is medicine administration control a exposure prevention strategy?

A

no

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9
Q

Healthcare associated infections can be reduced dramatically by what?

A

using proper hand washing techniques

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10
Q

although alcohol hand rubs are more effective what is not a limitiation it has?

A

it cant be mixed with emollientes or skin softeners

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11
Q

T/F, the use of hand lotions to prevent skin dryness is recommended?

A

True

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12
Q

T/F, surgical masks dont need to be changed in between patients

A

false

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13
Q

Latex sensitivity/allergy may include….

A

runny nose, watery eyes, respiratory distress, death

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14
Q

how must critical instruments be processed prior to use?

A

steam sterilization and single use items should be used when possible

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15
Q

instrument processing areas include ……

A

receiving/ cleaning area, preparation and packaging, sterilization, storage areas

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16
Q

T/F, cleaning is the basic first step in the sterilization process

A

True

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17
Q

T/F, after cleaning instruments they must be washed to remove any chemical or detergent residue?

A

True

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18
Q

T/F, basic examination gloves should be used when handling or cleaning contaminated instruments

A

False

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19
Q

prior to sterilization, critical and semi-critical items must include an internal sterilization monitoring device. If the internal monitoring device cannot be seen, what must be done?

A

use an exertnal monitoring

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20
Q

types of sterilization monitors include mechanical, chemical and…..

A

biological

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21
Q

T/F, with saliva ejectors, previously suctioned fluids may be retracted into the patients mouth when a seal is created?

A

True

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22
Q

T/F, single dose vials can be used with multiple patients as long as aseptic techniques are used

A

False

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23
Q

T/F, antimicrobial soaps are less effective than antimicrobial soaps

A

Falsel

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24
Q

Sterilization procesing areas should be cleaned…..

A

before, during and after processing

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25
Q

T/F, biohazard stickers are not required when transporting contaminated material as long as its in the same building

A

False

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26
Q

what is not a workplace control used in the school?

A

limiting the use of single-use items

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27
Q

what items are considered sharps?

A

matrix bands, irrigation syringes, single use vials

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28
Q

T/F, post exposure prophylaxis is recommended in all exposure cases

A

false

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29
Q

lab cases must include what information when shipped

A

disinfectant used and contact time.

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30
Q

What 3 things sum up preventative dentistry?

A

promote, restore, maintain

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31
Q

primary prevention is…

A

measures to prevent disease completely

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32
Q

secondary prevention relates to ……

A

early recognition and treatment of incipient illness

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33
Q

tertiary prevention

A

involves more complex and periodontal therapy.

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34
Q

what 3 things are involved in prevention?

A

preventing the onset, progess, recurrence of oral disease

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35
Q

what is the principle instrument in general bacterial plaque removal?

A

tooth brush

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36
Q

frist tooth brush was made when and by who?

A

1728, pierre fauchard, made of hogs hair

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37
Q

what else did fauchard develope?

A

splints for loose teeth, dentrifices, mouthwashes

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38
Q

first patented toothbrush

A

by H.N. Wadsworth in the 19th century,

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39
Q

when did nylon start to be used for tooth brushes?

A

1938

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40
Q

name the parts of the tooth brush

A

handle, head, shank

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41
Q

what are the main guidlines for teaching toothbrushing?

A

how, where, when, why

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42
Q

what angle should the bristles be?

A

45 deg.

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43
Q

what method is best for bacterial and plaque removal adjecent and directly beneath the gingival margin?

A

bass method-sulcular brushing method

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44
Q

T/F, each brushing should overlap the previous?

A

True

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45
Q

to control bacterial plaque and oral sanitation and halitosis prevention, how long and how many times a day shoud someone brush?

A

2 times, for 2 minutes

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46
Q

microorganisms are principally from the …..

A

tongue

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47
Q

is microflora on the tongue constant?

A

no its constantly changing

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48
Q

name some effect of cleaning your tongue?

A

reducing debris, retarding plaque formtation, reducting microorganisms, reducing halitosis,helps improve sense of taste.

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49
Q

how do you brush your tongue?

A

hold brush handle at 90 deg angle to midline of tongue, brush forward without scrubing papillae

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50
Q

how do you clean a tongue scrubber?

A

running hot water

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51
Q

how does floss help gingival health?

A

removes bacterial plaque, reduces interproximal bleeding,

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52
Q

when is flossing most effective?

A

when interdental papillae are present, when theres no loss of attachment, when theres no root surface exposure

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53
Q

how do you hold floss?

A

hold 12-18 peice with the thumb and middle finger of both hands, leave only 1/2 inch of floss between finger tips

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54
Q

how to use the floss

A

hold in diagonal or oblique position, use gentle sawing motion,wrap each tooth, go up and down each tooth

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55
Q

what are the main tools used in a oral examination?

A

mirror, tongue blade, dry gauze

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56
Q

T/F, you should be systematic using the same order for the exam every time?

A

True ( checklist manifesto)

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57
Q

by using a 5 step systematic list before inserting a IV line peter pronovost reduced the bacterial intruduction in 108 hospitals to essentially _____?

A

0 %

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58
Q

Extra-oral examination includes

A

color of skin, exam of head and neck, gross functioning of cranial nerves, TMJ, lymph nodes

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59
Q

which cranial nerve causes palsy?

A

CN 7

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60
Q

Thyroid exam

A

place hands over trachea have patient swallow

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61
Q

Lip exam

A

evert the lip and examine the tissue, frenum attachment, mucoceles may be present ( blocked non pathogenic salivary gland)

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62
Q

buccal mucosa examination

A

observe color, palpate tissue, observe stensons duct, hamular notch and pterygomandibular raphe

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63
Q

where are tori?

A

maxillary are in the middle of the hard palate, mandibular are lingual to the premolars

64
Q

soft palate exam includes

A

vibrating line, tonsilar pillars, tonsils, oropharynx

65
Q

Tonsils exam

A

tucked at the base of anterior and posterior tonsilar pillars, They regress after adulthood, may have white conocretions within the tissue

66
Q

most common areas for cancer

A

tonge and floor of mouth

67
Q

what other Cranial nerve causes palsy?

A

CN 12, tongue deviates

68
Q

scientific term for geographic tongue?

A

erythema migrans

69
Q

examining the floor of the mouth

A

bimanual palpate, must be dry, whartons duct,

70
Q

triaging lesions includes

A

describing its characteristics, how long its been present, is it related to trauma?, has it occured before, does it wipe off, Does the patient have specific risk factors for neoplastic lesions?

71
Q

whats an epulis fissuratum?

A

benign tumor casued by denture wear

72
Q

whats apertognathia?

A

known as long face sydrome, vertical maxillary excess so the face is “long”

73
Q

retrognathia

A

mandible is retruded

74
Q

prognathia

A

mandible is protruded

75
Q

Oral odors can indicate….

A

caries, periodontal d., URT infections, GI disturbances, lung abscesses, diabetic acidosis, Uremia, kidney problem, liver failure, alcohol usage

76
Q

What does HIPPA mean ( according to the oral surgeon guy)

A

History, inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation

77
Q

What does this”HIPPA” do?

A

we use it when doing our intraoral and extraoral exams

78
Q

anterio triangle of the neck

A

anterior border of sterocleidomastoid m., lower border of mandible, midline

79
Q

submental triangle

A

anterior belly of digastricm, body of hyoid bone, midline,

80
Q

what contents are in the submental triangle?

A

anterior jugular v, submental lymph nodes

81
Q

digastric triangle

A

2 bellies of digastric m, lower border of mandible

82
Q

muscular triangle

A

anterior border of sternocleidomastoid m., superior belly of omohyoid m., midline

83
Q

what is present in the muscular triangle?

A

thyroid gland, larynx, trachea, esophagus.

84
Q

carotid triangle

A

anterior border of sternocleidomastoid m., posterior belly of digastric m., superior belly of omohyoid m,

85
Q

whats present in the carotid triangle?

A

bifurcation of the common carotid artery, superior thyroid, external carotid artery, hypoglossal nerve

86
Q

posterior auricular nodes

A

behind the ears

87
Q

preauricular nodes

A

in fron the ears

88
Q

parotid node

A

by the TMJ

89
Q

occipital node

A

back of head

90
Q

buccal node

A

above premolars on maxilla

91
Q

facial node

A

mental foramen area of mandible

92
Q

submental node

A

under the mandible

93
Q

submandibular node

A

angle of ramus

94
Q

jugulodigastric node

A

by digastric muslce and sternocleidomastoid muslce

95
Q

deep cervical chain

A

run along the SCM anteriorly

96
Q

jugulo-omohyoid node

A

where the omohyoid m. crosses the SCM muslce

97
Q

anterior supraclavicular node

A

above the clavicle

98
Q

posterior deep cervical nodes

A

run along the SCM posteriorly

99
Q

what does ergonomics mean?

A

ergon- work, nomoi- natural laws

100
Q

whats MSD and some symptoms

A

musculoskeletal disorder, excessive fatigue of neck and shoulders, tingling/burning in arms, weak grip, cramping in hands.

101
Q

Factors causing MSD

A

repetition, poor fitness level, awkward posture, poor nutrition, poor lighting,

102
Q

why do females have more wrist pain than males?

A

smaller wrists

103
Q

what are some things in the dental office that affect ergonomics?

A

handpeice weight, dental chair, type of stool, patient position, delivery systems

104
Q

postural awareness techniques

A

maintain lower back curve, use magnification system, adjust operating chair

105
Q

what are some positioning strategies?

A

avoid static posture, alternate between sitting and standing, position patient at proper height, avoid twisting

106
Q

elbows should be ___ than the shoulders

A

lower

107
Q

wrists should be ___ or lower than your elbows

A

even

108
Q

improper postures include…

A

elvevating shoulders, side bending, flexing neck, shoulders flexed, elbows flexed greater than 90 deg.

109
Q

wrists should be__ or in a slight ___

A

straight, extension

110
Q

which finger joint is slighlt flexed in a relaxed grip?

A

distal

111
Q

you should always use a ___ to stabelize your hand.

A

fulcrom

112
Q

supine position

A

head, knees, & feet are at the same level

113
Q

reclined position

A

like a reclined chair

114
Q

upright position

A

chair

115
Q

strategies for working in close proximity to your patient

A

tilt your chair, knees under headrest, use a chair with a backrest,

116
Q

you should never ___ to the ____ in regards to the patients position

A

adjust ,patient

117
Q

the more the head is ____ , the faster significant muscle fatigue will set in

A

tilted

118
Q

Delivery systems

A

find one that works best for you

119
Q

what the name of the delivery system makers?

A

pelton and crane

120
Q

Rear delivery system

A

12:00 position

121
Q

ellipse delivery sytem

A

left/ right conversion in a balanced ergonomic design

122
Q

over delivery system

A

over the patient( LECOM_

123
Q

side delivery system

A

for hygiene, 9:00 position

124
Q

delivery carts

A

move anywhere

125
Q

right handed operator positions

A

7- front of pts head
9- side of pts head
10-12- back of pts head

126
Q

left handed operator positions

A

5-front of pts head
3- side of pts head
2-12- back of pts head

127
Q

what power brush technology reduced plaque and gingivitis more than any other technology?

A

oscillating/rotating

128
Q

stannous fleoride dentifrice is effective for all the following conditions except:

A

abscessed teeth

129
Q

sodium hexametaphosphate in cres prohealth toothpaste is the ingredient that…

A

prevents stain and calculus

130
Q

Dexis

A

imaging software

131
Q

Axium

A

EHR, electronic health record software

132
Q

rolodex icon

A

look up and open patients records

133
Q

scheduler icon

A

opens scheduled patient information and appointments

134
Q

Electronic health record icon

A

patients medical history, SOAP notes, treatment plans and attachments

135
Q

Periocharting icon

A

periodontal charts

136
Q

patient attachments icon

A

allows you to attach docs

137
Q

personal planner icon

A

add, select and view patients

138
Q

evaluations icon

A

faculty evaluations for your work

139
Q

Xray icon

A

allows you to view and pull up radiographs from dexis

140
Q

info manager icon

A

allows for data to be collected and reports

141
Q

whats the pupose of the desktop layout?

A

nothing its dumb, it lays out the same info but just in a format that looks like your in a dental office

142
Q

blue chart number means….

A

your waiting for somthing to be approved

143
Q

whats the first step to opening a patients records?

A

search rolodex, use last name or chart number. Dont leave a field blank cause it searches the whole system.

144
Q

once a chart number is open when does it close?

A

at the end of the day automatically

145
Q

where is the odontogram found?

A

electronic health record

146
Q

how many tabs are found on the sim lab EHR?

A

9

147
Q

whats the age range the odontogram automatically pulls open the primary teeth?

A

up to 8 years

148
Q

missing teeth are marked with what?

A

a red M

149
Q

what marks tooth notes/ conditions?

A

a red N

150
Q

what does the alerts tab show?

A

information that is important to the provider like allergies, special patients, financial agreement

151
Q

what does the problems tab show?

A

all unresolved patient issues and problems

152
Q

how do faculty approve work?

A

they swipe a card, but its broken so for now they sign a paper

153
Q

what are the little dots called?

A

elllipses

154
Q

what does A mean?

A

existing condition

155
Q

what does E mean?

A

existing restoration

general practice dentistry (2 decks)

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