Final Flashcards
List some characteristics of Phylum Echinodermata
1) Radial Symmetry
2) mesodermal Endoskeleton
3) Water vascular system
4) Deuterostomes
5) Oral and aboral axis
- no head region
- external fertilatization
- incredible regeneration
List Chordate affinities
1) indeterminate cleavage
2) deuterostomes
3) enterocoelous coelom
4) mesodermal endoskeleton
5) larvae indicate ancestors were bilateral symmetrical
List characteristics of Class Asteroidea
1) arms not divided
2) ambulacral groove
3) pedicellariae
- pentamorus
- rocky coasts
List characteristics of Ophiuroidea
1) Arms divided
2) Ambulacral grooves are covered
3) mouth with 5 teeth
- pentamorus
List characteristics of Class Echinoidea
1) without arms
2) spines
3) Aristotle’s lantern
- globular in shape
- compact skeleton
- tube feet
List characteristics of Class Holothuroidea
1) Veriform - worm like
2) without arms
3) without spines
4) anus present
5) Leathery
- tube feet
List characteristics of Class Crinoidea
1) body on aboral stalk
2) mouth and anus directed up
3) tentacle-like tube feet
- water vascular system
Define Evisceration
Expulsion of internal organs in sea cucumbers
What is Luidia alternata?
Banded sea star
List characteristics of Phylum Chaetognatha
1) Unsegmented - bilateral symmetry
2) paired fins
3) Planktonic predator
- head - trunk - tail
What is a lophophore?
a food collecting organ that encircles the mouth with numerous ciliated tentacles
What are the 2 Lophophorate Phyla?
Phylum Branchiopoda - lamp shells
Phylum Bryozoa - moss animals
What are protochordates and what are the 2 Phyla?
Chordates without a backbone
1) Phylum Urochordata
2) Phylum Cephalochordata
What are 2 Classes in Phylum Hemichordata?
Class Enteropneusta
- ability to take water into the mouth without swallowing
Class Pterobranchia
- food is collected by cilia on tentacles
List the characteristics of Phylum Chordata
1) Notochord
2) Dorsal hollow nerve cord
3) Gill slits
4) Post-anal tail
- ventral heart
List characteristics of Subphylum Urochordata
1) notochord only in larvae
2) dorsal nerve cord only in larvae
3) planktonic larval stage
4) sessile adult
5) marine filter feeders
List characteristics of Subphylum Cephalochordata
1) notochord and nerve cord
2) pharyngeal gill slits
3) small fish-like in appearance
lancelets
List Characteristics of Class Agnatha.
1) mouth ventral - without jaw
2) without scales
3) without paired fins
4) cartilaginous skeleton
- body slender
- lampreys and hagfish
List characteristics of Class Placodermi
1) armored plates
2) mouth anterior with jaws
3) bony skeleton
4) paired fins
- extinct by close of Paleozoic
What is the importance of Class Placodermii?
without them no limbs
What 2 classes did Placodermii split into?
Class Chondrichthyes
Class Osteichthyes
List characteristics of Class Chondrichthyes.
1) skeleton of cartilage
2) paired pelvic and pectoral fins
3) placoid scales
- without a swim bladder
- gill slits
- mouth ventral
List characteristics of Class Osteichthyes.
1) Skeleton of bone
2) mouth anterior
3) operculum
4) swim bladder
- cycloid scales
- paired pelvic & pectoral fins
- dermal scales for protection and osmoregulation
- most common fish
Define Demersal
fishes that live on the bottom