FINAL Flashcards by Rachel Hilton

Caries and inflammatory periodontal disease is a complex disease states require colonization of bacteria; control of bacterial plaque is an essential component of any plan to prevent and control dental disease.

true; true

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Demineralization and remineralization occur during caries. Remineralization is least likely to take place in presence of toothpaste.

true; false

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Dental caries and inflammatory periodontal disease caused by single microorganisms. Bacteria is highly adaptable for survival in an individual environment.

false; true

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Drop and recovery of pH on a graph is known as

Stephen curve

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Four major locations of caries are: Pit and fissures, smooth surface, root surface and________

recurrent or secondary caries

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Which bacteria are found on smooth surfaces

mutans streptococcus

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Which bacteria is found in pit and fissure caries

lactobacilli

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Least accessible site for toothbrush removal

interproximal areas

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Strains of bacteria lack glucans

noncariogenic

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Bacteria that predominate in root exposed surfaces

actinomyces

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Primary tissue affected in root caries

cementum

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Caries that have an outer hypermineralized barrier of surface dentin and a hard inner barrier between dentin

arrested caries

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Non-specific plaque hypothesis states

more plaque, more disease

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Constituted first line of defense for periodontium

free margin of the gingiva

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Attraction of living protoplasm to a chemical stimuli is

chemotaxis

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Preventive strategy for mechanical reduction of plaque biofilm, dentist utilizes periodontitis debridement what method of prevention is utilized by the patient

toothbrush, dental floss, supplemental aids

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Primary difference between gingivitis and periodontitis

loss of attachment

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Most commonly used therapeutic agent added to dentifrices

fluoride

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Prevention and control of smooth surface dental caries is most effectively managed by

fluoride therapy

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Caries and inflammatory periodontitis disease complex disease states require colonization of bacteria

true

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Not a source of “halo” effect

well water

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Indication for topical fluoride EXCEPT

athletic mouthguard

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Acute consequence improper flossing

laceration of papillae

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True about dental caries EXCEPT

dental caries not occur in babies w/ tooth number “o” visible in mouth

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Which of the following is not a mechanism of fluoride action:

reduces stains from enamel

Which group of fibers help the tooth resist downward forces

oblique

Antimicrobial mouth rinses such as chlorohexidine are indicated for all persons except:

patient who wants fresh breath

Improper toothbrushing methods can cause all except:

gingivitis

Once consumed, fermentable carbohydrates eaten alone can produce a drop in salivary pH in approximately what amount of time?

20-30 minutes

All of the following therapeutic agents are found in desensitizing toothpastes except:

calcium hydroxide

All of the following mouth rinses would be accepted for daily use except

oxygenating agents

The pH of APF gels is

3-5

3 year old lives in a nonfluoridated area and has rampant decay. Which home care regimen would be best for this child?

fluoride drops

Which of the following have been demonstrated most effective in the inhibition of microbial plaque?

chlorhexidine

Toothbrush selection primarily and most importantly should be based on which of the following

individual patient needs

Inadequate cleaning of removable appliance often associated with development of carious lesions on abuting tooth surface. Special clasp brushes are available that adapt to the clasp.

true; true

A variety of species and quantities of bacteria can be detected in the gingival crevice and are easily associated with varying degrees of disease activity

both true and related

Which type of interdental cleaning aid should be avoided with implants?

pipe cleaner

Inadequate cleaning of RPDs may contribute to the development of:

carious lesion

What is the order of acute fluoride toxicity symptoms?

increased salivation, nausea, abdominal pain

What ingredient is present in dentrifices and not in prophy paste

sweetener

High risk factors for oral cancer include all of the following except:

consumption of food/beverages with artificial sweeteners

Which type of topical fluoride is not found in professional application of fluoride

MFP

The hardness or softness of toothbrushes is determined by

bristle diameter

To prevent bacteremia, an oral irrigator should be used at what angle to the long axis of the tooth

A patient that lived 20 years in a fluoridated community with 10-15 ppm would exhibit

osteosclerosis

After the dental hygienist has done a complete root debridement how long does it take for acquired pellicle to form?

within minutes

Dental floss cannot efficiently remove plaque the____, because of the tooth concavity

maxillary first premolar

Although not widely used anymore someone who is allergic to _____ should be disclosed with solution

shellfish

Helpful adjunct for patient with difficulty of class II furcation

interproximal brush

Fluoride for veneers

neutral sodium fluoride

Biofilm accumulates in

1-2 days

Nursing bottle decay occurs on all except:

mandibular incisors

Acid that streptococci mutans produce for demineralization

lactic acid

Important advice DH can give

instruction geared to patient level of learning

Endotoxins released from cell

false; false

picture of radiograph

vertical bone loss

Not a characteristic of acquired pellicle

cellular, bacteria free, initially multiple bacteria

Carbohydrate portions of pellicle

adhesion

Location that a colony of bacteria selects plaque as a haven

ecological niche

Bacteria prominent in primary plaque

streptococci and lactobacilli

Secondary plaque colonizers are

anaerobic

PH demineralization without fluoride

5-5.5

Sealant contraindication

you cannot maintain a dry field

Etching agents contain

phosphoric acid

True of etching

etchant material used 30-35%; enhances retention

Curing time of photopolymerized sealant

20-30 seconds

Reason sealants fail

contamination of dry field with saliva

Sealants should be examined

at ever maintenance appointment

Sealants are considered primary prevention and should be applied

shortly after eruption

Not indication for sealant

proximal caries

Disadvantage of self-cured:

mixing required

stiffness of a manual toothbrush is dependent on its filament characteristic. Longer and narrower filaments tend to be characteristic of a stiffer toothbrush

true; false

Place brush at 45˚ angle with bristles directed apically and pressed lightly directly into the sulcus; vibrate brush while keeping filaments within the sulcus describes which toothbrushing technique?

bass

A dental hygienist may recommend modified stillman toothbrushing technique to young children because they lack manual dexterity of adults that is required for a more challenging toothbrushing technique

false; true

Bass, or sulcular toothbrushing technique…

disrupts plaque at and under gingival margin

What are the four basic lateral profiles of a toothbrush?

concave convex flat multilevel

T/F: An older person takes longer to learn than younger people.

true

T/F: More time is needed to encode information.

true

T/F: Dementia is defined as increased, established intellectual ability.

false

T/F: Most common type of dementia is multi-infarct dementia.

false

T/F: Research shows that tobacco use and alcohol must be present for a lesion to occur.

false

Type of dementia associated with disease

reversible

What is the cause for senile dementia of Alzheimer Type?

unknown cause

Periodontal disease is age related and due to cumulative nature of disease

false; true

Which of the following are not a sign of aging teeth?

teeth become mobile

Systemic inflammation of the joint is

rheumatoid arthritis

Phenytoin-induced gingival hyperplasia is the major complication associated with

epilepsy

All of these conditions cause an oral manifestation of xerostomia except

arthritis

If a patient has cancer, you might see all these manifestations except

bruxism

Oral manifestation of alcohol abuse is

xerostomia petechiae tooth erosion

Candidiasis is a common oral manifestation in all of these conditions except

hypertension

T/F: Immunosuppressive drugs that are administered to an organ transplant patient are typically not a cause of many oral manifestations.

true

T/F: Oral effects such as oral cancer, leukoplakia, hairy tongue, and xerostomia may result from tobacco use

true

T/F: Asthma itself does not cause oral disease; however some of the asthma treatments can.

true

T/F: Hypothyroidism is an underactivity of the thyroid gland.

true

T/F: A patient who complains of a metallic taste in their mouths may have renal disease or failure

true