Chapter 1&2 Vocab and Objectives Flashcards
disorders that involve both the cranium (portion of skull that encases the brain) and the face, which would include a wide variety of conditions ranging from heredity to accidents
craniofacial disorders
loss of mineral from the tooth because of bacterial acids, acid foods (soft drinks, acid juices, etc.), or even toothbrushing abrasion
demineralization
method used to diagnose a condition
diagnostic modality
pertaining to populations within society that have significant rates of disease and health
health disparities
involvement that does not extend beyond the site of origin
in situ
a pre-caries lesion that exists before cavitation. Seen on the enamel as a “white spot”. It can be remineralized
incipient lesions
the beginning stages of demineralization
noninvasive caries
an infection caused by pathogens that usually do not cause disease in a healthy immune system
opportunistic infections
when undermined tooth enamel has deminerlaized into a carious lesion
overt cavitation
removal of soft and hard deposits from teeth using manual or ultrasonic dental instruments
periodntal debridement
: presence of pathogenic dental plaque on the surfaces of teeth cause both caries and periodontal disease
plaque diseases
employs strategies and agents to forestall the onset of disease, reverse the progress of disease, or arrest the disease process before secondary preventive treatment becomes necessary
primary prevention
focuses on the preventive aspects of the dental hygiene sciences and emphasizes the use of diagnostic and therapeutic modalities to prevent disease
primary preventive care
: the replacement of tooth mineral (hydroxyapatite) that has been lost by demineralization. The minerals needed for the remineralization are derived from the saliva (or from manmade products)
remineralization
employs routine treatment methods to terminate a disease process and/or restore tissues to as near normal as possible and can be termed restorative care.
secondary prevention
: patient involvement in the control of plaque
self-care
: a pathological condition resulting from a disease, injury, or other trauma
sequelae
: restricting sugar intake as to decrease chances of decay
sugar discipline
employs measures necessary to replace lost tissues and rehabilitation also termed reconstructive care
tertiary prevention
method of applying or using any therapeutic agent
therapeutic modality
first college textbook on preventive dentistry was written by Fones
“preventive Dentistry for Dental Students” in 1925. States mouth is the show window in which body displays its physical wares
over 1/3 of US population
has no access to community water fluoridation
over 108 million
children and adults lack dental insurance in US
categories that aid in classifying diseases
dental caries and periodontal disease
acquired oral conditions other than dental caries and periodontal disease caused by microorganism that can become capable of causing disease when host’s resistance impaired
craniofacial disorders that involve both cranium and face
describe risk assessment in dental care delivery
can help predict a patient’s risk of disease and improve clinical decision making
stages in plaque diseases
in situ
incipient
overt
hippocratic oath
health providers take upon graduation:
“to render help to those in need, and to do no harm”
t/f
primary prevention uses strategies and agents to prevent the onset of disease, reverse the progress of disease, or arrest the dierese process before secondary prevention becomes necessary whereas secondary prevention uses routine treatment methods to terminate a disease process and/or restore tissues to as nearly normal as possible
true
initial demineralized tooth structure is referred to as which type of lesion
incipient
oral diseases are common in society and are progressive and _______ and become more complex over time
cumulative
factor in both periodontal diseases and decay
plaque
methods can reduce occurrence of dental decay and periodontal diseases
plaque removal interventions
L in LEARN
listen with sympathy and understanding
E in LEARN
Explain your perception of the problem
A in LEARN
acknowledge and discuss the differences and similarities
R in LEARN
recommend treatment
N in LEARN
negotiate agreement
what term describes a conceptual framework that has relevance in health, education, and practice that all individuals, groups, and organizations have
culture
obligation to engage in the process of cultural competence as a professional responsibility grounded in societal expectation. dental providers can demonstrate respect for cultural differences by acknowledging that a patient’s beliefs and values on preventive care may be different from their own
true and true
from a legal perspective, culturally competent care on the part of the oral healthcare provider can decrease the likelihood of what
liability or malpractice claims
describes the ability of oral health professionals as they enter their respective professions
competency
ways to pursue cultural competency for a lifetime
continuing education
biomedical model of western medicine
germs cause disease
american navajo culture
believes that simply mentioning an illness will cause it
emphasize disturbance of balance in body, spirit possession, soul loss, or breach of taboos as basis for illness and disease
other cultures
asia
balance believed to exist in everything in the universe and translated as hot (yin) and cold (yang)
treatment for illness consists of
restoring balance to some cultures
how do cultural beliefs influence preventive dental care
Some people do not seek healthcare unless they define the condition as seriously “wrong” even when they experience pain.
Some people believe that healthy gums bleed
Some people are culturally sensitive
Miscommunication can influence trust and create stress and uncertainty for a patient
relationship between cultural competence and health outcomes
Culturally competent care is patient-centered care. It is getting to know the culture of your patient and understanding their beliefs.
The LEARN model is used for guidelines to learn about your patient
From a legal perspective, culturally competent care on the part of the oral healthcare provider can decrease the likelihood of liability or malpractice claims
integrated patterns of human behavior that include language, thoughts, communication, actions, customs, beliefs, values, race, ethnic, religion
culture
: facilitates effective patient-centered interactions, more involvement of patients in their own preventive healthcare, and improved health outcomes for all cultural groups
cultural competence
diversity of people from different cultures existing within a population
cultural diversity
: the balance of cultural group representation within a population
cultural group representation
the inclusion of an individual into a community, group, or society structure
inclusiveness
: a patient’s understanding of the cause of illness, what is the expected treatment, the role of the sick individual, and how the illness affects his or her life
patient’s explanatory model
