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Spanish Class > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

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1
Q

Habitual in the present

A

si + present indicative + present indicative

Si tiene tiempo, va a las montañas-If he has time, he goes to the mountains

sounds like present indicative

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2
Q

Possible in the present

A

si+present indicative + future

Si tiene tiempo, irá a las montañas-If he has time, will go to the mountains.

sounds like future

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3
Q

Contrary-to-Fact

A

si + PAST subjunctive + conditional

Si tuviera tiempo, iría a las montañas-If he had time, he would go to the mountains.

sounds like conditional

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4
Q

Habitual/Possible in the past

A

si + imperfect indicative + imperfect indicative

Si tenía tiempo, iba a las montañas.-When he had time, he used to go to the mountains.

sounds like imperfect indicative

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5
Q

Si llueve, no trabajamos

A

If it rains, we don’t work.

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6
Q

Si tengo tiempo, yo lo haré

A

If I have time, I will do it.

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7
Q

Si estudias, serás inteligente

A

If you study, you will be smart.

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8
Q

Irregular Conditional and Furture stems

decir (to say/tell):

A

dir-

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9
Q

Conditional

A

Whole infinitive + a conditional ending, excpet for the 10 irregular verbs.

  • ía
  • ías
  • ía
  • íamos
  • íais
  • ían
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10
Q

Future

A

Whole infinitive + a future ending, excpet for the 10 irregular verbs

  • é
  • ás
  • á
  • emos
  • éis
  • án
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11
Q

Past Subjunctive

A

Take the UDS form of the preterite, drop the “ON”, add appropriate ending.

NOTE: the last vowel in the newly formed stem is accented in the nosotros form. NO ACCENTS on the other forms.

  • a
  • as
  • a
  • amos
  • ais
  • an
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12
Q

Things that trigger subjunctive

A 
Influence
Doubt
Denial
Emotion
"Si" clause if combined with a conditional clause
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13
Q

Negative Tú Commands

A

No + YO verb form, replace “a” with “e” and replace “e” or “i” with “a”

-AR Verbs
No hables-Don’t speak
No cantes-Don’t sing
No juegues-Don’t play

-ER/IR Verbs
No comas-Don’t eat
No escribas-Don’t write
No pidas-Don’t order/ask

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14
Q

Affirmative Tú Commands

A

Same form as the Singular 3rd Person, except the 8 irregulars

-AR
Habla-Speak
Canta-Sing
Juega-Play

-ER/-IR
Come-Eat
Escribe-Write
Pide-Order/Ask

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15
Q

Irregular Affirmative Tú Verbs

A 
decir-di
hacer-haz
ir-ve
poner-pon
salir-sal
ser-sé
tener-ten
venir-ven
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16
Q

Pronouns for Commands

A

Affirmative-attached
Negative-not attached
The personal pronoun comes first, then the direct object pronoun.

Tú
Dile-Tell him
Léela-Read it
Póntelos-Put them on
No le digas-Do not tell him
No la lee

UD.

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17
Q

Past Participle

A

-AR
Hablar->Hablado-spoken

-ER/-IR
Comer->Comido-eaten
Vivir->Vivido-lived

NOTE: Accent is added to the “i” if the stem of the -ER/-IR ends in “a”, “e”, “o”

Caer->Caído-fallen
Creer->Creído-thought
Leer->Leído-read
Oír->Oído-heard
(Son)reír->(Son)reído
Traer->Traído-tried

NOTE: As an adjective the past participle reflects the noun it’s modifying.

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18
Q

Irregular Past Participles

Abrir

A

Abierto-opened

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19
Q

Present Perfect Indicative

A

Haber + past participle

He hablado-I have spoken
Has hablado-You have spoken
Ha hablado-You have spoken/He/She has spoken
Hemos hablado-We have spoken
Habéis hablado-You have spoken
Han Hablado-You/they have spoken

NOTE: NEVER change the “o” at the end to an “a”

20
Q

Present Perfect Subjunctive

A

Same as Indicative, except that Haber changes to the subjunctive form.

Haya hablado
Hayas hablado
Haya hablado
Hayamos hablado
Hayáis hablado
Hayan hablado
21
Q

mine

A

mío/mía/míos/mías

22
Q

yours (informal, singular)

A

tuyo/tuya/tuyos/tuyas

23
Q

yours/his/hers (formal)

A

suyo/suya/suyos/suyas

24
Q

ours

A

nuestro/nuestra/nuestros/nuestras

25
Q

yours (informal, plural)

A

vuestro/vuestra/vuestros/vuestras

26
Q

Antecedents

A 
antes (de) que
cuando
después (de) que
en cuanto
hasta que
tan pronto como
27
Q

Ant. Rules

A

conj. of time + still pending action-subjunctive
pres. indic. OR future + pending action-subj.
conj. of time + habitual action OR completed past action-present indicative
antes (de) que-ALWAYS SUBJUNCTIVE

28
Q

Ojalá

A

HOPE–PRESENT subjunctive
WISH–PAST subjunctive

Hope
Ojalá que saque buena nota en este curso-I hope I get a good grade in this course.

Wish
Ojalá que pudiera ir a la playa este fin de semana-I wish we could go to the beach this weekend.

29
Q

Irregular Conditional and Furture stems

haber (to have):

A

habr-

30
Q

Irregular Conditional and Furture stems

hacer (to do/make):

A

har-

31
Q

Irregular Conditional and Furture stems

poder (to be able [to do something]):

A

podr-

32
Q

Irregular Conditional and Furture stems

poner (to put on):

A

pondr-

33
Q

Irregular Conditional and Furture stems

querer (to want/wish/love):

A

querr-

34
Q

Irregular Conditional and Furture stems

saber (to know [how to do something]):

A

sabr-

35
Q

Irregular Conditional and Furture stems

salir (to leave/to go out):

A

saldr-

36
Q

Irregular Conditional and Furture stems

tener (to have):

A

tendr-

37
Q

Irregular Conditional and Furture stems

venir (to come):

A

vendr-

38
Q

Irregular Past Participles

Cubrir

A

Cubierto-

39
Q

Irregular Past Participles

Decir

A

Dicho-said

40
Q

Irregular Past Participles

Descubrir

A

Descubierto-discovered

41
Q

Irregular Past Participles

Escribir

A

Escribierto-wrote

42
Q

Irregular Past Participles

Hacer

A

Hecho-done/made

43
Q

Irregular Past Participles

Morir

A

Muerto-died

44
Q

Irregular Past Participles

Resolver

A

Resuelto-resolved

45
Q

Irregular Past Participles

Romper

A

Roto-broken

46
Q

Irregular Past Participles

Ver

A

Visto-saw

47
Q

Irregular Past Participles

Volver

A

Vuelto-returned

Spanish Class (26 decks)

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