Final #2 Flashcards
Hydronephrosis
excess fluid in kidney caused by backed up urine
Medullary sponge Kidney
is a congenital disorder of the kidneys characterized by cystic dilatation of the collecting tubules in one or both kidneys. Individuals with medullary sponge kidney are at increased risk for kidney stones and urinary tract infection (UTI).
Perineum
the area between the anus and the scrotum or vulva.
symphysis pubis
cartilaginous joint that sits between and joins the left and right superior rami of the pubic bones. It is located in front of and below the urinary bladder.
Labia
inner and outer folds of the vulva on either side of the vagina
Vestibular glands
“bartholins glands”, lie on either side of the vagina and create secretions during intercourse
FSH and LH
are secreted by the anterior pituitary by GnRH. FSH and LH( drive the ovarian cycle). FSH helps with the development of ovarian follicles which secrete Estrogen/progesterone (drive menstrual cycle, puberty)
Bulbouethral glands secrete
semen; responsible for 5% of the fluid portion of semen a clear fluid that is secreted during intercourse that helps neutralize the acidity of residual urine in the urethra
prostate gland
30% of the fluid portion of semen, thin milky fluid that neutralizes the acidity of the male urethra and vagina. It also enhances sperm motility
Seminal vesicles
secrete a thick yellowish fluid that activate and nourish sperm
Testes
reside in the scrotum and produce sperm, outside of the body because sperm require a lower temperature then the rest of the body.
Epididymis
part of the duct system that allows sperm to leave the body
seminiferous tubules
tightly coiled, sperm producing factories within the testes
smegma
waxy substance that cover foreskin
Most important Cervical Cancer R/F
HPV
Ectopic pregnancy
The AMPULLA in the fallopian tube
preeclampsia
occurs after 20 weeks, high blood pressure and protein in the urine, swollen puffy eyes, blurred vision and severe headache.
endometriosis
tissue that normally lies inside of the uterus lies outside of the uterus
gestational diabetes
insufficient insulin levels caused by pregnancy, idiopathic, RF include hx of gestational diabetes, obese, prediabetic, age, family hx of type 2 diabetes
uterine prolapse
uterus comes through vagina
Syphillis can occur how many years after the first infection?
10-15 years
Pituitary has most control of our bodies?
True or False
True
Oxytocin’s primary target
Breast
Etiology of a simple goiter?
enlargement of the thyroid gland, iodine deficiency, eating goiter producing foods (soy, peanuts, spinach, peaches, brussel sprouts) inhibit the production of TH.
Addison’s disease
adrenal glands don’t produce enough hormones
Crohns disease
Inflammatory bowel disease
neuron
basic unit of the nervous system
temporal lobe
sense and ability to understand spoken language
Parietal lobe
interpreting meaning of incoming signals that arrive from opposite side of the body
The use of aspirin during chicken pox and flu are at risk for developing?
Reye Syndrome
Major depressive disorder
sadness, guilt, worthlessness, and hopelessness; irritability; loss of interest in activities that used to be pleasurable; insom- nia or excessive sleep; change in appetite; difficulty concentrating, thinking, or making decisions; and frequent thoughts of death, dying, or suicide.
osteoblasts
bone forming cells
osteocytes
mature bone cells
osteoclasts
bone reabsorbing cells
osteomata
benign tumor, normally on the brain, bone growing on bone
periosteum
covers the surface of bones
ligament
articulating bones, hold freely moving joints together
tendons
connect muscle to bones
growth plate
area of cartilage at each expanded edge of bone
scoliosis
sideways curvature of the spine, occurs most often at a growth spurt before puberty
ankylosis
abnormal stiffening of a joint and immobility
lordosis
a curving inward of lower spine
kyphosis
forward rounding of the back
Rheumatoid Arthritis
The pathogenesis involves rheumatoid factors that form antibody complexes in the synovial fluid. This attracts neutrophils into the joint, which cause inflammation and destruction of the synovial joint tissues.
Gout
affects the joints of the feet, particularly the metatarso- phalangeal joint of the great toe. most common in men over age 40 and post menopausal women
muscular dystrophy
diagnoses through family hx, physical exam, electromyography which is used to test muscle/nerve function
Accumulation and resultant of jaundice
related to liver disease, build up of bilirubin which is normally excreted in bile and urine
capitis
t occurs most commonly in children; however, it can also occur in adults, an infection with a type of fungus called a dermatophyte. dry scaling, yellow, matted hair
Cruris
jock itch, groin and inner and upper thighs
pedis
athletes foot, most common type of tinea, soles of foot between toes
corpoi
body ringworm, itchy patches, highly contagious but not serious
uritcaria
Hives, allergic reaction, 20% of population suffers from hives
rosacea
is an inflammatory skin disorder that causes facial erythema, incurable
psoriasis
s a chronic skin disease characterized by scaling and inflammation. Of the many forms of psoriasis, plaque psoria- sis accounts for 80% of cases. Typically found on the elbows, knees, scalp, and lower back, plaque psoriasis is characterized by raised, inflamed, red lesions covered by a silvery white scale
eczema
atopic dermatitis, itchy, scaly, red
Melanoma symptoms
a change in the shape, color, size, or feel of an existing mole. ABCDE to remember what to look for. Asymmetry, border, color, diameter, evolving
