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Forensic Science > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

The minerals found in different soil samples cannot effectively be used to determine whether or not they have the same origin.

True or False

A

False

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2
Q

The cortex of hair derives its major forensic importance from the fact that it contains:

DNA

Pigments

Medullae

Scales

A

Pigments

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3
Q

After a blood sample is collected for alcohol testing, a(n) ____ is added to stop the blood from clotting.

Fuel cell

Anti-coagulant

Preservative

Monochromator

A

Anti-coagulant

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4
Q

What is the logical first step in soil analysis?

Examination of minerals and rocks under high-power magnification

Use of density-gradient tube technique

Comparison of dried soil sample for color and texture

Examination for presence of debris under low-power magnification

A

Comparison of dried soil sample for color and texture

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5
Q

It is a virtual certainty that faces two fabrics share a common origin if their fibers:

Can be fitted together at their torn edges

Have the same color

Appear identical in cross section

Have the same situations

A

Can be fitted together at their torn edges

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6
Q

Emission spectroscopy measures the frequency of light emitted by an atom when one of its electrons moves to a higher orbital

True or False

A

False

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7
Q

The toxicologist’s capabilities are NOT directly dependent on the input from the:

Attending physician

Medical examiner

Case prosecutor

Police

A

Case prosecutor

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8
Q

PCR is a technique that:

Provides a statistical analysis of the nitrogenous-base pairings

Virtually eliminates operator error from DNA-analysis

Produces information regarding the sequence of nitrogenous bases

Can produce many exact copies of segments of DNA

A

Can produce many exact copies of segments of DNA

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9
Q

IN the PCR process, the first step is to heat the DNA strands. This is to permit the:

Double-stranded molecules to separate completely

Hybridization to take place

Process to take place without DNA degradation

DNA to coil very tightly in the helical shape

A

Double-stranded molecules to separate completely

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10
Q

A fiber whose microscopic appearance includes being ribbon-like in shape (flat) with twists at irregular intervals is:

Linen

Kapok

Polyester

Cotton

A

Cotton

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11
Q

Upon entering the bloodstream, heroin is almost immediately metabolized into:

Morphine

Opium

Cocaine

Procaine

A

Morphine

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12
Q

The use of which drug will NOT lead to physical dependence?

Alcohol

Cocaine

Barbiturates

Heroin

A

Cocaine

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13
Q

Which is an initiating explosive often used in detonators?

PETN

Dynamite

TNT

Lead azide

A

Lead azide

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14
Q

The clumping together of red blood cells by the action of an antibody is known as:

Clotting

Radioimmunology

Serology

Agglutination

A

Agglutination

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15
Q

Duquenois-Levine solutions were used on a sample and the chloroform layer turned purple. This suggests that the tested substance is:

Heroin

Valium

Cocaine

Marijuana

A

Marijuana

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16
Q

Which is available in commercial form as fertilizer?

Triacetone triperoxide

Ammonium nitrate

Diazodintrophenol

Potassium chlorate

A

Ammonium nitrate

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17
Q

The DOT set the maximum allowable blood alcohol concentration for commercial truck and bus drivers at:

0.04%

0.02%

0.05%

0.08%

A

0.04%

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18
Q

Chromosomes are the fundamental units of heredity:

True or False

A

False

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19
Q

A fuel can only achieve combustion in:

The gaseous state

A liquid-solid phase

The liquid state

The solid state

A

The gaseous state

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20
Q

Which is a technique used to screen objects for the presence of explosive residues?

X-ray diffraction

Mass spectrometry

Ion-mobility spectrometry

Infrared spectrophotometry

A

Ion-mobility spectrometry

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21
Q

How many different bases are associated with the makeup of DNA?

6

3

4

5

A

4

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22
Q

The emission spectrograph is used to determine

Crystalline structure of a substance

Elemental composition of a substance

Weight of a substance

Mass of a substance

A

Elemental composition of a substance

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23
Q

The variety of coatings applied to the body of an automobile adds significant diversity to automobile paint and contributes to the forensic significance of automobile paint comparisons

True or False

A

True

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24
Q

In DNA replication, polymerases:

Separate the strands of the double helix

Enable the strands to unwind from the helix

Help assemble the new DNA strands in proper base sequence

All of the above

A

Help assemble the new DNA strands in proper base sequence

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25
Q

There is a(n) ____ relationship between the amount of alcohol in the blood and that in the alveolar breath.

Undetermined

Indirect

Direct

Variable

A

Direct

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26
Q

Blood is drawn from a living suspect involved in an automobile accident. If the specimen is kept unrefrigerated and at a moderately warm temperature the alcohol concentration can be expected to:

Either increase or decrease with time

Remain unchanged

Increase with time

Decrease with time

A

Decrease with time

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27
Q

Which hallucinogen can be synthesized by a simple chemical process and is often manufactured in clandestine laboratories?

Marijuana

Mescaline

LSD

PCP

A

PCP

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28
Q

What is the number of nitrogenous bases needed to code for a specific amino acid?

3

2

5

6

A

3

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29
Q

The amount of acid phosphates in seminal fluid is ____ the amount of acid phosphatase in the blood

Greater than

The same as

Less than

None of the above

A

Greater than

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30
Q

A breath test may be used to analyze:

Marijuana

Ethyl alcohol

Barbiturates

All of the above

A

Ethyl alcohol

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31
Q

Which step in the examination of fibers would logically be taken first?

Infrared spectrophotometry

Examination of dye composition using visible light microspectrophotometer

Microscopic examination for color and diameter of fibers

Making a cross sectional view of the fiber

A

Microscopic examination for color and diameter of fibers

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32
Q

A typical STR DNA type emanating from a single individual shows a ____ band pattern

Three

Two

Zero

Four

A

Two

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33
Q

Drugs deemed to have the highest potential for abuse and having a current medical use are listed in which schedule for the Controlled Substances Act?

I

III

IV

II

A

II

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34
Q

Nuclear DNA typing can be most successfully accomplished on hairs that have been removed during which stage of growth?

Catagenic

Anagenic

Mutogenic

Telogenic

A

Anagenic

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35
Q

In routine blood banking, which antigen(s) must be determined in testing for compatibility?

A

B

D

All of the above

A

All of the above

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36
Q

DNA is a(n):

Protein

Enzyme

Starch

Polymer

A

Polymer

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37
Q

Which part of the hair shaft is most resistant to chemical decomposition?

Cortex

Cuticle

Follicle

Medulla

A

Cuticle

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38
Q

The DRE program incorporates standardized methods for examining suspects to determine:

Whether they have ever taken one or more drugs

Whether they are transporting any illegal substances or not

Whether they are involved in the buying or selling of drugs

Whether they are under the influence of one or many drugs

A

Whether they are under the influence of one or many drugs

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39
Q

In the case of Schmerber v. California, blood was categorized as being:

Direct evidence

Nontestimonial evidence

Indirect evidence

Testimonial evidence

A

Nontestimonial evidence

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40
Q

What is the concentration at which vapor-to-fuel mixture in the air is capable of burning?

Flammable range

Lethal range

Heat of combustion

Spontaneous concentration

A

Flammable range

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41
Q

The Reinsch test would NOT be used to detect:

Mercury

Arsenic

Bismuth

Copper

A

Copper

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42
Q

Which part of cannabis contains the LEAST amount of THC?

Resin

Seeds

Leaf

Flower

A

Seeds

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43
Q

Which of the following properties should not be examined when comparing two synthetic fibers?

Diameter

Lengthwise striations

Medullary index

Presence or absence of delustering particles

A

Presence or absence of delustering particles

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44
Q

Which is NOT part of the composition of paint?

Adhesive

Binder

Pigment

Solvent

A

Adhesive

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45
Q

Which coating provides resistance to corrosion?

Basecoat

Electrocoat primer

Clearcoat

Primer surface

A

Electrocoat primer

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46
Q

Whole blood collected for DNA typing purposes must be placed in a container with the preservative:

CODIS

Rh factor

Ethylene glycol

EDTA

A

EDTA

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47
Q

The building blocks of the DNA molecule are known as:

Nucleotides

Amino acids

Polysaccharides

Hydrocarbons

A

Nucleotides

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48
Q

When investigators search a fire scene, the first focus must be on:

Finding the origin of the fire

Taking photographs and making sketches

Interviewing eyewitnesses

All of the above

A

Finding the origin of the fire

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49
Q

Which instrumentation is considered the most sensitive and reliable for detecting and characterizing flammable residues?

GC

IR

NAA

TLC

A

GC

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50
Q

Use this DNA STR pattern of evidence from a rape investigation to answer the following question. Note that suspect B has only one band in his lane. this is most likely an indication that:

He is homozygous for the gene

He is trisomic for the trait

His DNA was contaminated during the collection process

Band shifting occured

A

He is homozygous for the gene

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51
Q

The amount of DNA material required for STR analysis is ___ the amount of DNA required for RFLP analysis

The same as

Greater than

Less than

None of the above

A

Less than

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52
Q

A stain tentatively can be identified as blood by:

The luminol test

The phenolphthalein test

The benzidine test

All of the above

A

All of the above

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53
Q

The investigator should not try to remove trace paint evidence found on a tool but package the tool laboratory examination instead:

True or False

A

True

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54
Q

Marijuana is considered to be a:

Narcotic

Depressant

Stimulant

Hallucinogen

A

Stimulant

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55
Q

Many explosives must have their own source of:

Energy

Oxygen

Heat

Fuel

A

Oxygen

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56
Q

People with type O blood have both A and B antigens on their red blood cells

True or False

A

False

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57
Q

Which is NOT a synthetic fiber?

Polyester

Acrylic

Rayon

All answers are synthetic

A

Rayon

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58
Q

The Marquis Reagent was used on drug evidence and it turned purple. The drug being tested could be:

Either A or B

Heroin

Cocaine

Methadone

A

Heroin

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59
Q

The analytical technique widely used for directly measuring the amount of alcohol present in the blood is:

Ultra-violet spectrophotometry

Gas chromatography

Infrared spectrophotometry

Thin-layer chromatography

A

Gas chromatography

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60
Q

Most narcotics are:

Depressants to the central nervous system

Obtains from opium

Physically addicting

All of the above

A

All of the above

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61
Q

An element is selective in the frequency of light it will absorb. This selectively is due to its:

Proton cloud

Electron energy levels

Number of neutrons

Atomic mass

A

Electron energy levels

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62
Q

What type of evidence would be expected to have trace elements?

Paint and bullet fragments

Glass and metal objects

Soil and gun primer particles

All of the above

A

All of the above

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63
Q

Which is true of the use of mild tranquilizers?

They reduce tension

They impair high-thinking faculties

They induce sleep

They do not produce dependency

A

They reduce tension

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64
Q

The Controlled Substance Act established five schedules of classification for substance based on the drugs:

Potential for physical dependence

Potential for psychological dependence

Medical value

All of the above

A

All of the above

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65
Q

Automobile finishes typically contain which layer(s)?

An electrocoat primer, colorcoat, and clearcoat

Colorcoat

Electrocoat primer and colorcoat

Clearcoat

A

An electrocoat primer, colorcoat, and clearcoat

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66
Q

Standard/reference soil samples should be collected at the site of the crime at various intervals within a 100-foot radius of the crime scene

True or False

A

True

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67
Q

The specificity of microcrystalline tests is _____ the specificity of color tests

The same as

Less than

Greater than

None of the above

A

Greater than

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68
Q

Analyzing segments of hair for drug content may define the timeline for drug use, dating it back over a period of:

Years

Weeks

Days

All of the above

A

All of the above

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69
Q

The rate at which large DNA fragments move through the electrophoretic gel is ____ the rate at which small DNA fragments move through the same apparatus

Less than

Greater than

The same as

None of the above

A

Less than

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70
Q

Which absorption spectrum is equivalent to a “fingerprint” of a substance and can be used for identification purposes?

X-ray

IR

UV

Visible

A

IR

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71
Q

It is not necessary that the collected paint from a vehicle involved in a hit-and-run accident be close to the area of the car suspected of being in contact with the victim

True or False

A

False

72
Q

The presence of high levels or carbon monoxide in the blood of a victim found at the scene of a suspicious fire is proof that the victim:

Died elsewhere and was brought to the fire scene after death

Died before the fire started

Perished after the fire was started

Was the arsonist

A

Perished after the fire was started

73
Q

Which of the following is considered to be a hallucinogen?

Phencyclidine (PCP)

Mescaline

Psilocybin

All of the above

A

All of the above

74
Q

A drug recognition expert (DRE) can:

Advise the toxicologist as to which drug may be impairing an individual

Identify street drugs by their appearance

Help a drug user acknowledge his/her habit and suggest ways to become drug-free

Determine whether a person has taken one or more drugs

A

Advise the toxicologist as to which drug may be impairing an individual

75
Q

Carbon monoxide is toxic because it:

Combines with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin

Causes platelets to clump

Activates killer white blood cells

Destroys red blood cells

A

Combines with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin

76
Q

Aspermia is an abnormally low sperm count

True or False

A

False

77
Q

Which technique allows for both separation and specific identification of a questioned mixture of substances?

UV spectrophotometry

IR spectrophotometry

GC

GC/MS

A

GC/MS

78
Q

Which is an explosive readily detonated by heat or shock?

ANFO

Primary explosive

Secondary explosive

Dynamite

A

Primary explosive

79
Q

After examining small paint chips from an auto accident scene and using PDQ database, the crime lab worker can determine the _____ of a vehicle.

Year

Model

Make

All of the above

A

All of the above

80
Q

A compound can tentatively be identified by gas chromatography from its:

Retention time

Partition coefficient

Carrier gas

Rf value

A

Retention time

81
Q

Which race is most likely to have head hair with continuous medullae?

Caucasian

Native American

Negroid

Mongoloid

A

Mongoloid

82
Q

The tranquilizers Valium and Librium are classified in which schedule of the Controlled Substances Act?

IV

II

I

III

A

IV

83
Q

Which physical symptom is part of the abstinence syndrome?

Stomach cramps and vomiting

Body chills

Convulsions

All of the above

A

All of the above

84
Q

STRs normally consist of repeating sequences of:

3-7 bases

13-17 bases

18-20 bases

8-12 bases

A

3-7 bases

85
Q

A substance with a pH of 8 is likely to be:

Basic

Acidic

Neutral

Water

A

Basic

86
Q

Neuron activation analysis involves bombarding specimens with neutrons and then measuring the resultant:

Beta particles

X-rays

Alpha particles

Gamma rays

A

Gamma rays

87
Q

The central canal running through many hairs is known as the:

Cortex

Shaft

Cuticle

Medulla

A

Medulla

88
Q

Luminol can be used at crime scenes to:

Light up the crime scene with a high degree of illumination

Detect traces of blood without compromising potential DNA typing

Make hair evidence fluoresce

Locate latent prints that otherwise would be overlooked

A

Detect traces of blood without compromising potential DNA typing

89
Q

How should blood-containing clothes from a victim be packaged?

In an airtight clear plastic container

In a metal paint can

In an airtight metal container

In breathable paper after blood has dried

A

In breathable paper after the blood has dried

90
Q

Most human cells contain forty-six chromosomes, arranged in twenty-three mated pairs

True or False

A

True

91
Q

Which chemical reaction is associated with a fire?

Reduction

Oxidation

Precipitation

None of the above

A

Oxidation

92
Q

What is true about monoclonal antibodies?

They are produced by injecting a mouse with an antigen

They are produced utilizing rapidly multiplying blood-cancer cells

They can be produced using mice

All of the above

A

All of the above

93
Q

The rate of alcohol absorption on a full stomach is ____ the rate of absorption on an empty stomach

The same as

Less than

None of the above

Greater than

A

Less than

94
Q

PSA (p30) is a:

Protein specific to females

Blood enzyme used to discriminate bloodstains

Polymorphic enzyme found in red blood cells

Protein found in seminal plasma

A

Protein found in seminal plasma

95
Q

Which would produce “fingerprints” of the fibers?

Infrared spectrophotometry

Examination of dye composition using visible light microspectrophotometer

Microscopic examination for color and diameter of fibers

Making a cross-sectional view of the fibers

A

Infrared spectrophotometry

96
Q

Which of the following properties should be examined when comparing two fibers?

Diameter

Birefringence

Color

All of the above

A

All of the above

97
Q

Which nitrogenous base is NOT found in DNA?

Uracil

Adenine

Cytosine

Thymine

A

Uracil

98
Q

If blood is found to have both A and B antigens it is typed as:

A

B

AB

O

A

AB

99
Q

A human head hair is best characterized by:

Its color

A medulla that is more that 1/2 the overall diameter of the hair shaft

A medulla that is absent or less than 1/3 the overall diameter of the hair shaft

The absence of a cortex

A

A medulla that is absent or less than 1/3 the overall diameter of the hair shaft

100
Q

The separation of STRs using capillary electrophoresis:

Is currently the preferred method

Evolved from the flat-gel electrophoresis approach

Decreases analysis time

All of the above

A

All of the above

101
Q

Rayon is classified as a:

Plant fiber

Synthetic fiber

Regenerated fiber

Natural fiber

A

Regenerated fiber

102
Q

The ____ properties of crystals, such as refractive index and birefringence, provides points of identification that help characterize them

Chemical

Optical

Amorphous

Physical

A

Optical

103
Q

Paint as physical evidence is most frequently encountered in:

Burglary

A hit-and-run

Car theft

Both A and B

A

Both A and B

104
Q

Which would be LEAST useful in identifying a mineral crystal?

Geometric shape

Size

Color

Refractive index

A

Size

105
Q

Which is often used as the explosive core in a detonating cord?

TNT

SOFT

PETN

C-4

A

PETN

106
Q

Which coat represents the “eye appeal”?

Electrocoat primer

Clearcoat

Basecoat

Primer surface

A

Clearcoat

107
Q

Arson investigators must work quickly to collect evidence at a fire scene because:

Accelerants in soil may rapidly degrade

Accelerant residues may quickly evaporate

Safety requirements may require that cleanup and salvage operations begin quickly

All of the above

A

All of the above

108
Q

In which phenotype pairings can the genotypes of the individuals can be directly known?

Type B and Type O

Type A and Type AB

Type AB and Type O

Type A and Type B

A

Type AB and Type O

109
Q

Which of the following statements is false?

The Kastle-Meyer test is used to determine whether blood is of human origin

Non-human blood also contains proteins with peroxidase like activity

A-B-O antigens are present in all human blood

Dried bloodstains may tentatively be identified as blood by peroxidase test

A

The Kastle-Meyer test is used to determine whether blood is of human origin

110
Q

Which is the most widely used and abused drug?

Heroin

Alcohol

Marijuana

Cocaine

A

Alcohol

111
Q

Type AB blood contains:

Anti-A antigens and anti-B antibodies

Anti-A antibodies and B antigens

Both A and B antigens

Both anti-A and anti-B antibodies

A

Both A and B antigens

112
Q

Which is a homemade explosive that has been used by terrorist organizations in the Middle East?

RDX

TATP

TNT

PETN

A

TATP

113
Q

The concept of simultaneously extracting, amplifying, and detecting a combination of STRs is known as:

PCR

THO1

Electrophoresis

Multiplexing

A

Multiplexing

114
Q

Which is the most widely used illicit drug in the United States today?

Heroin

Cocaine

Marijuana

Alcohol

A

Marijuana

115
Q

Complex chromatographic accelerant patterns can be simplified by:

Mass spectrometry

Thin-layer chromatography

Gas chromatography

Headspace analysis

A

Mass spectrometry

116
Q

The D antigen is also known as the ___ antigen

Rh

X

AB

Monoclonal

A

Rh

117
Q

For the purpose of extracting the drug out of body tissues, an amphetamine is classified as an:

Acid drug

Basic drug

Neutral drug

All of the above

A

Basic drug

118
Q

Telltale signs of arson include:

Trails of burn patterns

Separate points of origin

The presence of containers

All of the above

A

All of the above

119
Q

Biological evidence should be packaged in plastic or airtight containers

True

False

A

False

120
Q

Which property imparts paint with its most distinctive forensic characteristics?

Color-layer sequence

Gloss

Color

Texture

A

Color-layer sequence

121
Q

Assume that two strands of DNA have been separated and that the base sequence on one strand is ATGC, State the sequence of bases on the second strand

GCAT

TGGC

ACTC

TACG

A

TACG

122
Q

Barbiturates act to:

Promote relaxation

Produce sleep

Create a feeling of well-being

All of the above

A

All of the above

123
Q

The concentration of alcohol in an exhaled breath is in direct proportion to that of the blood of the same individual. The ration of this relationship is closest to:

1:100

1:2,000

1:10

1:1,000

A

1:2,000

124
Q

Field sobriety tests that can be employed to ascertain the degree of an individual’s alcohol impairment normally do not include the following:

Horizontal gaze nystagmus

Portable, roadside breath tester

Gas chromatography

Walk and turn

A

Gas chromatography

125
Q

Which type(s) of screening and confirmation tests are used for analyzing evidence of explosives?

TLC

Gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry

Color spot tests

All of the above

A

All of the above

126
Q

Heroin is a chemical derivative of:

Barbituric acid

Methadone

Morphine

Codeine

A

Morphine

127
Q

Buccal cells are obtained from:

The mouth and inside of the cheek

Blood

Urine

Semen

A

The mouth and inside of the cheek

128
Q

Which of the following CANNOT be determined from a laboratory examination of evidence recovered from an arson?

The ignition mechanism used by the arsonist

The presence of gasoline, kerosene, or turpentine in debris

The brand name of gasoline used to start the fire

Origin of liquid gasolines

A

The brand name of gasoline used to start the fire

129
Q

Acid-phosphate is a major constituent of:

Perspiration

Blood

Semen

Saliva

A

Semen

130
Q

Methamphetamine is a:

Stimulant

Hallucinogen

Depressant

Tranquilizer

A

Stimulant

131
Q

Which is NOT a high explosive?

TNT

Black powder

RDX

Dynamite

A

Black powder

132
Q

Which component of DNA forms the backbone of the molecule?

Sugar

Nitrogenous base

Phosphate group

Both A and C

A

Both A and C

133
Q

In forensic toxicology, all positive drug findings must be confirmed by a specific chemical test. The confirmation test of choice is:

Gas chromatography

Infrared spectrophotometry

Ultraviolet spectrophotometry

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

A

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

134
Q

An individual who is type O has:

O antibodies

B antibodies

A antibodies

Both A and B antibodies

A

Both A and B antibodies

135
Q

A gene pair made up of two similar alleles-for example, AA and BB- is said to be:

Homozygous

Monoclonal antibodies

Heterozygous

Complementary

A

Homozygous

136
Q

The presence of ___ indicates that a stain is seminal in nature

p30

PGM

DNA

Peroxidase

A

p30

137
Q

Which is a chemical used to synthesize the explosive TATP?

Aluminum

Magnesium

Hydrogen peroxide

Potassium chlorate

A

Hydrogen peroxide

138
Q

If soil is found adhering to an object, the investigator should remove the soil particles from the object and send them to the laboratory

True

False

A

False

139
Q

Hydrocarbon accelerants can be detected by:

A portable detector (sniffer)

Trained dogs

Most people

Both A and B

A

Both A and B

140
Q

Medullae may be classified as being:

Continuous

Interrupted or absent

Fragmented

All of the above

A

All of the above

141
Q

Which statement is true?

Hair can be individualized through its trace elemental composition

Two hairs from the same head may not have the same morphological characteristics

Hair is not routinely examined to determine sex

The racial origin of hair can always be identified

A

Two hairs from the same head may not have the same morphological characteristics

142
Q

About 95-98 percent of alcohol is oxidized to what two substances?

Water and carbon dioxide

Carbon dioxide and dehydrogenase

Water and acetic acid

Acetaldehyde and acetic acid

A

Water and carbon dioxide

143
Q

What is true about the “club drug” Rohypnol?

It is enhanced when combined with alcohol

It is odorless, colorless, and tasteless

It results in loss of memory of what happened in the hours after ingestion

All of the above

A

All of the above

144
Q

The visible light microspectrophotometer is a convenient tool with which to compare the color of fibers because:

Very small samples can be compared

Fibers can be studied right on a microscope slide

Fibers are not destroyed

All of the above

A

All of the above

145
Q

The layers of hair shaft are the ____, the ______, and the ____

Cuticle; root; medulla

Pigment; cortex; pigment

Cuticle; cortex; medulla

Cortex; mitochondria; pigment

A

Cuticle; cortex; medulla

146
Q

The molecular structure of DNA was deduced by:

Gregor Mendel

James Watson

Francis Crick

Both B and C

A

Both B and C

147
Q

Which is NOT a factor in determining the rate at which alcohol is absorbed into the bloodstream?

The presence or absence of food in the stomach

The alcoholic content of the beverage

The amount consumed

All of the above are factors

A

All of the above are factors

148
Q

Which of the following depicts correct base-pairing in DNA?

C-T

A-U

T-A

G-A

A

T-A

149
Q

Beard hairs are coarse and normally ____ in cross-section

Triangular

Oval

Ribbon-like

Round

A

Triangular

150
Q

By far the most prevalent plant fiber is:

Silk

Linen

Cotton

Kapok

A

Cotton

151
Q

What is the major advantage of using the vapor concentration technique with gas chromatography?

Ability to determine relative concentration of solid residues

Low resolution of peaks associated with volatile residues

High sensitivity for detecting volatile residues

Only non-volatile residues will be detected

A

High sensitivity for detecting volatile residues

152
Q

A regenerated fiber can be derived from:

Acetate

Rayon

Cellulose

Polyester

A

Cellulose

153
Q

The concentration of the absorbing element is directly proportional to the quantity of the light absorbed

True or False

A

True

154
Q

Nonmotile sperm generally survive for up to four to six hours in the vaginal cavity of a living female

True or False

A

False

155
Q

Microscopic hair comparisons must be regarded by police and courts as:

Individualizing

Useless

Presumptive

Conclusive

A

Presumptive

156
Q

Alcohol is oxidized in the body primarily in:

The stomach

The liver

The small intestine

The lungs

A

The liver

157
Q

What is the rapid combination of oxygen with a fuel, which produces a noticeable release of energy?

Explosion

Combustion

Ignition

The flash point

A

Combustion

158
Q

Alcohol is eliminated from the body chemically unchanged in:

Urine

Perspiration

Breath

All of the above

A

All of the above

159
Q

The technology of DNA typing had its beginnings in 1985 with the work of:

Henry Lee

Francis Crick

James Watson

Alec Jeffreys

A

Alec Jeffreys

160
Q

Means to detect the amelogenin gene are included in commercial STR kits used in crime labs because the gene allows determination of:

Ethnicity

Blood type

Gender

Eye color

A

Gender

161
Q

Use of which if the following drugs is LEAST likely to lead psychological dependence?

Alcohol

Heroin

Codeine

Cocaine

A

Codeine

162
Q

The discriminating power of mtDNA is ____ the discriminating power of STR analysis

Greater than

Less than

The same as

None of the above

A

Less than

163
Q

Paint chips may be individualized to a single source by examining their:

Color and layer structure

Ultraviolet spectra

Pyrograms

Infrared spectra

A

Color and layer structure

164
Q

After the paint has been applied to a surface, the solvent evaporates

True or False

A

True

165
Q

Which feature of hair is MOST important in making a species identification?

Scale pattern

Shaft length

Bulb size

Follicle shape

A

Scale pattern

166
Q

Antibodies are found:

In the blood serum

In the solid portion of blood

In the red blood cells

In the white blood cells

A

In the blood serum

167
Q

One parent is type AB; the other parent is type O. A possible genotype for an offspring is:

AO

OO

AB

None of the above

A

AO

168
Q

Forcibly removed hairs are most likely to provide useful DNA evidence because they bear:

Catagenic roots

Telogenic roots

Follicular tissue

Mitochondria

A

Follicular tissue

169
Q

Paint binders can be chemically analyzed using:

TLC

Pyrolysis GC

IR spectrophotometry

Both B and C

A

Both B and C

170
Q

High explosives can be classified as either _____ or _____ explosives

Initial; secondary

Primary; secondary

Military grade; non-military grade

Civilian; military

A

Primary; secondary

171
Q

Most explosives can be recovered from debris for future study by being rinsed with:

Toluene

Water

Kerosene

Acetone

A

Acetone

172
Q

As currently performed, DNA-profiling technology cannot provide information helpful in:

Matching a suspect to biological evidence found at a crime scene

Settling matters of questioned paternity/maternity

Determining whether an individual carries a genetic defect

Deciding immigration cases based on family relationships

A

Determining whether an individual carries a genetic defect

173
Q

he Dillie-Koppanyi reagent is useful in screening for:

Opiates

Barbiturates

Amphetamines

Marijuana

A

Barbiturates

174
Q

he rate of human hair growth per month is:

1 cm

1 dm

1 inch

1 mL

A

1 cm

175
Q

Which is the most widely used low explosive?

Potassium chlorate and sugar

Black powder

Smokeless powder

Both B and C

A

Both B and C

Forensic Science (2 decks)

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