Final

Question 1

What are the five Universal Values and Desires of a culture?

Answer 1

1. the right to dignity
2. the need for respect
3. the importance of clear and effective communication
4. opportunity for self-determination
5. necessity for a healthy sense of self

Question 2

After ASL began as the primary language in America for Deaf people, when did the oralism movement start?

Answer 2

Early 1900s until the mid 1970s

Question 3

Why was National Association of the Deaf (NAD) established in 1880?

Answer 3

To try and preserve sign language because people were trying to eliminate the language in schools for the deaf

Question 4

What are the core values of American Deaf culture?

Answer 4

Solutions for effective communication, access to information, validation of the Deaf experience and complete acceptance of being Deaf as a normal existence

Question 5

What is “straight talk”? Give examples of “straight talk” in the Deaf culture

Answer 5

Making comments about another person’s appearance, disclosing personal information, giving detailed introductions, discussing money, sharing personal hygiene tips, exchanging bargaining strategies and providing suggestions on where to find helpful people

Question 6

Who developed ASL? When?

Answer 6

Deaf people themselves in 1817. Through a combination of indigenous sign languages (like from Martha’s Vineyard) and French Sign Language from Laurent Clerc

Question 7

How are ASL sentences structured?

Answer 7

OSV (Object, Subject, verb)

Question 8

Provide three examples of morphemes in ASL.

Answer 8

1. numbers incorporated into signs
2. verb-noun pairs
3. meaning conveyed through location (e.g. numbers on chin mean age while numbers on wrist mean time)
4. information regarding gender

Question 8

Describe six linguistic variations among Deaf individuals.

Answer 8

1. ASL monolinguals: Deaf people who are competent only in ASL
2. ASL dominant bilinguals: Deaf people who have skills in both ASL and English but are more fluent in ASL
3. Balanced bilinguals
4. English dominant bilinguals: Deaf people who have skills in both ASL and English but are more fluent in English
5. English monolinguals: Deaf people who have no knowledge of ASL and use English as their primary language
6. Semilinguals: People who have limited skill in both English and ASL

Question 9

How is Deaf literature similar to Native American culture?

Answer 9

It relies heavily on oral tradition (handed down through generations)

Question 10

Can Deaf literature only be presented in ASL?

Answer 10

No

Question 11

What was the name of the first periodical created exclusively for Deaf people in 1860?

Answer 11

The Gallaudet guide and Deaf-Mutes’ Companion

Question 12

What two different perspectives of deaf lives do autobiographies reveal?

Answer 12

1. presents Deafness as a major life obstacle to be overcome
2. showcases Deaf culture as a beautiful experience, in which Deaf essence is nurtured and celebrated

Question 13

What is De’Via Resistance Art?

Answer 13

Contains themes around: Audism, Oralism, Mainstreaming, Cochlear implants, identity confusion, eugenics

Question 14

What is De’Via Affirmation Art?

Answer 14

Contains themes around: Empowerment, ASL, Affiliation, Acculturation, Acceptance, Deafhood

Question 15

Name some important De’VIA artists

Answer 15

1. Betty G Miller
2. Chuck Baird