Final

Question 1

What are the three main religions and philosophy practiced in China?

Answer 1

Daoism, Confucianism, Buddhism

Question 2

What are the Four Noble Truths of Buddhism? (Choose all that apply)

Answer 2

• One can eliminate desire by following the Middle Way
• Life is full of suffering
• To end suffering, one needs to eliminate desire
• Suffering is caused by desire

Question 3

What were some of the earliest types of materials printed in China before the Song dynasty (960–1279) using the woodblock printing methods? (Choose all that apply)

Answer 3

• Buddhist sutras
• Prayer sheets

Question 4

The earliest Buddhist sutras printed in China were translated from this language.

Answer 4

Sanskrit

Question 5

What are the main materials and tools for traditional woodblock printing in East Asia? (Choose all that apply)

Answer 5

• Fist knife
• Water-based ink
• Painting brush
• Woodblock
• Paper

Question 6

During the Song dynasty China, what types of books were printed using the woodblock printing method? (Choose all that apply)

Answer 6

• Confucian texts
• Books on history
• Encyclopedias
• Dictionaries
• Medical texts

Question 7

What were the main reasons for the popularity of the printed materials during the Song dynasty? (Choose all that apply)

Answer 7

• The literati’s enthusiasm for examining and collating classical texts
• Printed material was available through government sponsored print shops
• The civil examination system

Question 8

Before the invention of paper, Chinese books/scrolls were made with these types of material. (Choose all that apply)

Answer 8

• Silk
• Bamboo slips

Question 9

What does the term ‘registration’ mean in the printing process?

Answer 9

The alignment of the paper and the block/plate during each impression

Question 10

During the Ming dynasty (1368-1644) China, what were the main factors that led to the growth of the printing industry? (Choose all that apply)

Answer 10

• The emergence of a readership among the non-elite public (the urban middle class)
• The rise of the mercantile class in the Yangzi Delta region who had an interest in collecting art
• The popularity of non-scholarly works such as novels

Question 11

What types of books are included in the genre called huapu? (Choose all that apply)

Answer 11

• Painting manuals
• Treatises on art
• Art albums

Question 12

Which of the following are true about painting manuals? (Choose all that apply)

Answer 12

• They were used as pattern books for artists to learn how to compose a painting
• They contain images and texts about painting techniques
• They were used by novice artists to learn how to paint

Question 13

Which of the following are true about the Tripitaka Koreana? (Choose all that apply)

Answer 13

• It was a project began in the 11th century and sponsored by the court of the Goryeo dynasty
• It consists of 81,200 woodblocks
• It is a set of Buddhist sutras/canon

Question 14

Which of the following are true about the Hyakumanto Dhāraṇī? (Choose all that apply)

Answer 14

• It was commissioned by Empress Shotoku of Japan
• Each one of the printed scroll is inserted into a miniature wooden pagoda
• The purpose of the commission was to appease the Buddhist clergy and honor the souls lost in a recent revolt

Question 15

What is the meaning of a ‘folio’ in print terminology?

Answer 15

Two opposing, consecutive pages of printed material

Question 16

The use of movable type printing was limited in East Asia before the 19th century due to these main reasons. (Choose all that apply)

Answer 16

• The number of movable types required for printing text was too extensive
• The typesetters needed to be literate and therefore led to the increase in labor cost

Question 17

Which of the following can best describe the concept of yin and yang pairing?

Answer 17

Moon and Sun

Question 18

This is the main ingredient in paper making in East Asia.

Answer 18

Mulberry

Question 19

The early forms of ukiyo-e were developed from these types of images (Choose all that apply)

Answer 19

• Simple-line painting that was quick to produce
• Moji-e

Question 20

What are the common subject matter and genre of ukiyo-e produced during the Edo period? (Choose all that apply)

Answer 20

• Landscapes
• Manga
• Female beauties / courtesans
• Kabuki theater
• The Yoshiwara district

Question 21

What is the correct Confucian social order according to the ideology of the Edo centralized government?

Answer 21

Samurai > Peasant > Artisan > Merchant

Question 22

What is the meaning of manga during the Edo period?

Answer 22

Random sketches

Question 23

Other than the image, a typical ukiyo-e would have these elements on the print. (Choose all that apply)

Answer 23

• Name of the publishing house
• The censor’s kiwame seal
• The artist’s signature

Question 24

Which of the following are true about ukiyo-e print production during the Edo period? (Choose all that apply)

Answer 24

• The artists were the first generation of artists who made a living by the mass sale of their work to the public
• The publishers played an important role in determining the subject matter of the prints
• The artists generally followed the styles/schools of their teachers

Question 25

Which of the following can best describe the ronin (wandering samurai) during the Edo period? (Choose all that apply)

Answer 25

• They often worked for the chonin merchants to make a living
• They were masterless samurai
• They were the product of a peaceful time without warfare

Question 26

Which of the following were the reasons for the rise of the Chonin class in the city of Edo? (Choose all that apply)

Answer 26

• Increase in the pursuit of consumption and pleasure
• System of alternate attendance imposed on the daimyo
• The rise of popular entertainments
• Blurring of the Confucian social class structure

Question 27

The color blue on Katsushika Hokusai’s print Under the Wave off Kanagawa (commonly known as The Great Wave) was printed with the ink made with this synthetic pigment.

Answer 27

Berlin Blue