Final Flashcards
Impact of hearing loss in adulthood (18+)
-hearing/speech perception
-psycho-social-emotional
-school achievement
-vocational/economic
Impact of hearing loss in late childhood (7-18)
-hearing/speech perception
-language
-experiential/world knowledge
-psycho-social-emotional
-literacy
-school achievement
Impact of hearing loss in early childhood (3-7)
-hearing/speech perception
-speech production
-language
-experiential/world knowledge-psycho-social-emotional
-literacy
-school achievement
Impact of hearing loss in late prelingual (1-3)
-hearing/speech perception
-speech production
-language
-motor skills
-experiential/world knowledge
-psycho-social-emotional
-literacy
-school achievement
Impact of hearing loss in congenital or early acquired (birth to 1 year)
-hearing/speech perception
-speech production
-language
-motor skills
-experiential/world knowledge
-psycho-social-emotional
-literacy
-school achievement
CI development in 1748
benjamin wilson electrically stimulated the temple of a deaf individual
CI development in 1800
Italian physicist Allesandro Volta was the first person to attempt to stimulate their own auditory system with electrical stimulation
CI development in 1930
Wever and Bray recorded electrical response recorded from the vicinity of the auditory nerve of a cat.found it was similar in frequency and amplitude to the sounds to which ear had been exposed
CI development in 1950
Dr. Lundberg, a Swedish neurosurgeon, applied a sinusoidal electrical current during a neurosurgical operation and the patient described it as noise
CI development in 1957
Djourno and Eyries published article describing effects of electrical stimulation of auditory nerve
CI development in 1961
Dr. William House created own implantable technology. With Dr. John Doyle, they partnered to create early iterations of CI technology that were implanted into deaf ears
CI development in late 1960s
Dr. House partnered with electric engineer Jack Urban to develop the first single channel cochlear implant
CI development in 1964-1966
F. Blair Simmons at Stanford University placed 6 electrodes into the modiolus of a deaf patient which demonstrated first direct evidence of the place-pitch theory
CI development in 1969
first single channel CI was implanted. had a percutaneous plug that protruded through the skin
CI development in 1972
House/3M single electrode device, 1 ground. also now had a wearable sound processor with transcutaneous connection
CI development in 1980s
Vienna/3M (Burian, Hochmair-Desoyer and Hochmair); had 4 electrodes, 1 stimulated
Ineraid/Synbion multi-channel devices
-1970s and 80s
-6 intracochlear electrodes
4 channels
percutaneous
UCSF multi-channel devices
-4 channel system
-16 electrodes- 8 pairs, 4 chosen for stimulation
-four external coils using RF transmission
-redesigned into the Clarion implant
Dr. Graeme Clark
-father of modern cochlear implant
-inspired by a blade of grass in a snail shell, he created the modern electrode array
CI development in early 1980s
-physicians at UCSF and RTI collaborated to create an 8 channel CI
-single channel system for children
-clinical trials with multi-channel systems in Australia and US
CI development in 1987
- FDA approval of multi-channel devices demonstrating safety and efficacy for adults
CI development in 1990
FDA approval for children 2+
CI development in 2000
FDA approval for children 12 months+
CI development in 2019
FDA approval for SSD 5+ years