Exam 1 Flashcards
What impact does HL have when onset is in adulthood
-hearing/speech perception
-psycho-social-emotional
-school achievement
-vocational/economic
What impact does HL have when onset is in late childhood
-hearing/speech perception
-language
-experiential/world knowledge
-psycho-social-emotional
-literacy
-school achievement
What impact does HL have when onset is in early childhood
-hearing/speech perception
-speech production
-language
-experiential/world knowledge
-psycho-social-emotional
-literacy
-school achievement
What impact does HL have when onset is in prelingual-late
-hearing/speech perception
-speech production
-language
-motor skills
-experiential/world knowledge
-psych-social-emotional
-literacy
-school achievement
What impact does HL have when onset is in congenital or early-acquired
-hearing/speech perception
-speech production
-language
-motor skills
-experiential/world knowledge
-psych-social-emotional
-literacy
-school achievement
What year and who first electrically stimulated the temple of an individual who was deaf? What sensation did they feel?
1748 by Benjamin Wilson
Tactile
Who was the first person to ATTEMPT to stimulate an auditory system via electrical stimulation? In what year? What else did they invent?
Allesandro Wolta in 1800
Also invented the battery and volt measurement
Who was the first to record an electrical response from the area of the auditory nerve? Year? Whats did ultimately lead to the discovery of?
Weaver and Bray in 1930 in a cat
Who and what year applied a sinusoidal electrical current during a neurosurgical operation that the patient describes as a sound?
Dr. Lundberg in 1950
Who and what year was an article published describing effects of electrical stimulation of the auditory nerve?
Djourno and Eyris in 1957
Who invented the first implantable prosthesis to stimulate the nerve?
Djouno and Eyris in 1957
Who created their own implantable technology? Who did they partner with to create early iterations of CI technology? In what year?
Dr. William House partnered with Dr. John Doyle in 1961
Who was the first person to place 6 electrodes into modules of a deaf person which first demonstrated the place-pitch theory? What year was this?
F. Blair Simmons from 1964-1966
When was the first single channel CI implanted?
1969
When was the House/3M single electrode device invented? What feature did it have that is no longer used
1969
Percutaneous plug
What year was the Vienna/2M invented?
1980s
What is the difference between House/3M and the Vienna/2M?
House has a single electrode and Vienna has 4
Ineraid/symbion
-Eddington and colleagues
-1970s + 1980s
-6 intra-cochlear electrodes
-4 channels
-percutaneous
UCSF’s 4 channel system
-16 electrodes, 8 pairs, 4 chosen for stimulation
-four external coils using RF transmission
-redesigned into the clarion implant
Who is the father of the Modern Cochlear Implant
Dr. Graeme Clark
What was Dr. Graeme Clark inspired by?
Blade of glass in a snails shell
What developments occurred in the 1980s?
-physicians at UCSF and RTI collaborated to create an 8 channel CI
-single channel system for children
-clinical trials with multi-channel systems in Australia and U.S.
What developments occurred in 1987?
FDA approval of multi-channel devices demonstrating safety and efficacy for adults
What developments occurred in 1990?
FDA for children 2+