final Flashcards
normal end feel:
humeroulnar and humeroradial
hard and bony / tissue approximation
normal end feel:
proximal radioulnar
supination = firm
pronation = hard or firm
normal end feel:
acetabulofemoral
flex/adduction = elastic / tissue approx
straight leg raise = elastic
ext and abduction = elastic/firm
internal/external rotation = elastic/firm
normal end feels
tibiofemoral
flexion = soft tissue/ bony approx
ext = firm
normal end feel
TMJ
opening = tissue stretch
closing = bone to bone
normal end feel :
spine
bony, soft tissue approx, tissue stretch
all ranges in spine are TISSUE STRETCH
capsular pattern of GH
LABM
lateral rotation
abduction
medial rotation
hand placement for lateral distraction of GH
stabilize= distal humerus at lateral supracondylar crest
mobilize = proximal humerus near axilla and mobilize laterally
close packed
min mobility
max stability
max congruency / contact
fracture/dislocations
loose/open packed
least amt of stress
min contact
min stability
max mobility
sprains/strains
what is the humeral scapular ratio
every 2 degrees of motion in humerus = 1 degree of motion in scapula
proximal radioulnar joint
convex on concave
pivot
uniaxial
convex radial head
concave radial notch of ulna
annular lig
quadrate lig
pronate and supinate
loose pack of proximal radioulnar
35 sup
70 flexion
close packed of proximal radioulnar
5 supin from neutral
capsular pattern for proximal radioulnar
supination–> pronation
distal radioulnar
roll and glide in same direction
pivot
uniaxial
concave ulnar head
convex ulnar notch of distal head
articular disc
TFCC
dorsal and palmar radioulnar lig
PRO AND SUP
midcarpal joint type
saddle
biaxial
proximal row of carpals
distal row of carpals
transverse carpal ligament
flex, ext, ab, add
intercarpal, intermetacarpal, CMC digits 2-5 joint type
plane
uniaxial
CMC digit 1 joint type
saddle
triaxial
TRAPEZIUM w first metcarpal
3 transverse joints through wrist that allow for maximum movement and stability
radiocarpal
midcarpal
carpometacarpal
MCP joints
1st = condyloid, triaxial
2-5 = condyloid, biaxial
convex on concave
what separates the radiocarpal joint from radioulnar joint
disc or triangular fibrocartilage complex
TMJ joint type
condyloid and hinge
biaxial
convex condyles of mandible on concave mandibular fossali
ligaments of TMJ
fibrous joint capsule
temporomandibular
stylomandibular (limited protrusion)
sphenomandibular
fibrocartilaginous articular disc that divides the two joint cavities
upper TMJ joint = plane
lower = hinge
disc moves forward as the mouth opens
as mouth opens, ROTATION of mandibular condyles occurs around LOWER joint space
followed by TRANSLATION of ARTICULAR DISC on UPPER joint space
loose packed of TMJ
mouth slightly open, lips together, teeth not in contact
what mm opens jaw
lateral pterygoid
anatomic barrier = end of PROM
physiologic barrier = end of AROM
3 types of proprioceptors around joints
mm spindles
tendon organs
joint kinesthetic receptors
what type of receptors respond to acceleration / decelerstion of joints during movement
small pacinian corpuscles
3 structural joints
FIBROUS
CARTILAGINOUS
SYNOVIAL
3 types of fibrous joints
sutures
syndesmosis
interosseous membrane
synostosis joint
type of suture that is replaced by bone as an adult
complete fusion of two separate bones into one
they are synarthrosis joints = immovable
symphysis cartilaginous joint
connecting tissue is also hyaline cartilage but has a broad, flat fibrocartilaginous disc that connects the bones
humeroulnar
loose
closed
capsular
loose = 70 elbow flexion, 10 supination
closed = ext, supination
capsular= flexion –> extension
humeroradial
loose
closed
capsular
loose = full ext, full supination
closed = elbow 90, supinated to 5
capsular = flexion, ext, supination, pronation
proximal radioulnar joint
loose
closed
capsular
loose = 35 supination, 70 flexion
closed = supinated to 5
capsular = supination, pronation
the ulnar collateral lig has what 3 bundles
anterior
posterior
transverse / oblique
carrying angle lower than normal =
varus
leg positioning for inferior glide of pubic bone via leg pull
flexion, adduction, internal rotation
leg positioning for axial posterior glide of SI
flexion, abduction, external rotation
medial glide AF joint increasing what?
abduction
positioning for inferior glide ilium on sacrum
abduction and internal rotation
posterior glide of tibia on talus =
increase plantar flexion
superior glide of ilium on sacrum =
thigh in external rotation
what type of movement at pubic symphysis joint w leg pull
increase inferior glide
correct slip up
what distraction is performed perpendicular to long axis of joint
lateral distraction
what mobilization of AF is the hip at 90 flexion and force directed down through femur towards table
axial posterior glide of femur
which mobilization of AF joint is to specifically increase extension
anterior glide
when performing an inferior glide of ilium on scarum what two AF range of motions do you put the pt’s leg into prior to pulling it
internal rotation, abduction
which mob of distal tibiofibular joint increase ankle dorsi and plantar
posterior
position for inferior glide of ilium on sacrum
leg in slight abduction and internal rotation to lock hip out
superior glide of ilium on sacrum
thigh is slight external rotation
CI of superior glide of patellofemoral
dont compress patella or force knee into EXTENSION
AF joint
loose
closed
capsular
loose = 30 flexion, 30 abd, slight lat rotation
closed = full extension, med rotation, abduction
capsular = flex, abduction, med rotation
surfaces of SI joint
concave sacral surface on sacrum
convex ilium surface on ilium
nutation
which way does base of sacrum move
inferiorly and anteriorly
nutation - pelvic outlet?
enlarges
nutation - ischial tuberosities ?
move apart
nutation - pubis symphysis and iliac crests?
approximates
nutation - PSIS?
separates
nutation - ASIS
flares in
lateral collateral ligaments of ankle
posterior talofibular
calcaneofibular
anterior talofibular
medial collateral ligaments (deltoid)
posterior tibiotalar
tibiocalcaneal
tibionavicular
anterior tibiotalar
Sacrococcygeal joint surfaces
inferior surface of apex of sacrum
superior surface of base of coccyx
fibrocartilaginous disc
which ligament has the trapezoid and conoid
coracoclavicular
Gh joint
loose
closed
capsular
loose = 40-55 abduction, 30 horizontal adduction
closed = full horizontal abduction w lateral rotation
capsular = lat rotation, abduction, med rotation
ant glide of GH increases what
extension
pubic symphysis and sacrococcygeal jjoint type
cartilaginous
symphysis
amphi
uni
no close or loose packed for pubic sympysis, what is the capsular pattern?
pain when joint is stressed
hip joint arthrokinematics
for flexion
rolls anterior
slides posterior
most important ligs that protect sacroiliac joint
anterior, posterior (long & short) sacroiliac
interosseous sacroiliac
posterior ligaments in SI
posterior sacroiliac
interosseous sacroiliac
sacrotuberous
sacrospinous
surfaces of sacrococcygeal joint
inferior surface of apex of sacrum
superior surface of base of coccyx
distal inferior tibiofibular joint type
fibrous
syndesmosis
amphi
uni
talocrural joint type (convex on concave)
hinge
uniaxial
surfaces of talocrural
inferior articular and medial malleolar surfaces of tibia
lateral malleolar articular surface of fibula
trochlea of talus
most commonly sprained ankle lig
anterior talofibular
talocrural
loose
closed
capsular
loose = 10 plantar flexion, midway between eversion/inversion
closed = max dorsiflexion
capsular = PF –> DF
all deltoid / medial ligaments start with ??
TIBIO
talocrural arthrokinematics DF
dorsiflex - roll anterior
slide posterior
subtalar joint type
plane
triaxial
gliding/rotation
inversion/eversion
subtalar
loose
closed
capsular
loose = midway between extremes of ROM
closed = supination
capsular = limited ROM
loose, closed, capsular for calcaneocuboid, cuboideonavicular, distal intertarsal, talocalcaneonavicular
loose= midway between extremes of ROM
closed = supination
capsular = DF, PF, adduction, med rotation
talocalcaneonavicular joint type
synovial
ball & socket & plane
diarthrosis
multiaxial
which joint has the spring ligament aka plantar calcaneonavicular
talocalcaneonavicular
calcaneocuboid joint type
saddle
uni
gliding
rotation
cuboideonavicular joint type
fibrous
uniaxial
distal intertarsal, tarsometatarsal, intermetatarsal joint type
plane
uni
what joint links forefoot to rearfoot
tarsometatarsal
metatarsophalangeal joint type
convex on concave
condyloid
biaxial
what does the plantar fascia connect
calcaneal tuberosity to ligaments around heads of metatarsal bones
surfaces of tibiofemoral
convex med and lat femoral condyles
concave med and lat superior articualr surfaces of tibia (tibial plateau)
where does ACL span from
medial aspect of lateral femoral condyle to anterior aspect of tibial intercondylar eminence
where does PCL span from
lateral aspect of medial femoral condyle to posterior aspect of intercondylar eminence
what does MCL resist
valgus forces
tibiofemoral loose, closed, capsular
loose= 25 flexion
closed = fill ext, lat rotation of tibia
capsular = flexion, extension
open kinetic chain (kicking a ball)
concave on convex
open kinetic chain flexion:
concave tibial plateau rolls and glides posterior on convex femoral condyles
closed kinetic chain flexion
convex on concave
femoral condyles roll and glide posterior on tibial plateau
genu varum
bow legs
Q angle less than 0
open your legs for rum
patellofemoral joint type
plane
triaxial
concave posterior surface of patella
convex trochlear surface of distal anterior femur
rotation between tibia and femur occurs automatically between full ext (0) and 20 degrees of knee flexion
during knee extension, tibia glides anteriorly on femur and PCL elongates
during last 20 degrees of knee extension, anterior tibial glide persists on tiia medial condyle
prolonged ant glide on medial side produces external tibial rotation
facet joints loose, closed, capsular
loose = between flexion and ext
closed = full ext
capsular= side flexion and rotation equally limited then extension
