Final Flashcards
Giotto
Giotto di Bondone is considered the FATHER OF THE RENAISSANCE because of his innovation and use of different artistic techniques. Giotto embraced a realist style–breaking off from the typical Byzantine art style. He used techniques such as perspectives, shading, and shadowing in order to create life-like paintings.
Fresco
“Fresh” painting on wet plaster (painting becomes part of the wall)
Trompe L’Oeil
“to trick the eye” (optical illusion)
Usury
The illegal action or practice of lending money at unreasonably high rates of interest
Chiaroscuro
An Italian term that means “light-dark” and is a classic artistic technique that uses contrasting light and shadow to create the illusion of light from a specific source shining on figures and objects in a painting
Lorenzetti
Italian Gothic painter of the Sienese school
Black Death
Plague brought into Europe from Central/East Asia. Between 30-60% of population died (some towns up to 80%)
- Spread by fleas on rodents or lice
- Result of increased trade and interactions
- Boccaccio described the plague in the intro to Decameron
EFFECTS:
- labor shortages
- governments cap wages, leading to revolts
- tension rises from blaming minority groups
- disruption of social norms
100 Years’ War (1337-1453)
A prolonged conflict (over territories) between the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France, marked by intermittent periods of warfare and truces
- Joan of Arc
- Battle of Agincourt / Henry V (Shakespeare)
- Causes rift between England and France
- Tension lasts until WWI
Great (Western) Schism
1378-1417
Period where the Pope is moved from Rome to France. Several Popes are appointed at one time, causing CONFUSION!
* Causes an increase in national tension
Annunciation
A scene depicting the visit of the Angel Gabriel to Mary, telling her that she will be the Mother of Christ
Deposition
A scene of Christ being taken down off the cross
Lamentation
A scene depicting the mourning of Christ’s followers
Noli Me Tangere
“Do not touch me”
As Mary Magdalene weeps outside the tomb of Christ, she is visited by the Savior. He instructs her not to touch Him, since He has not yet ascended to heaven.
Mary Magdalene
Virgin Mary
Peter
John the Baptist
St. Catherine
St. Jerome
his translation of the Bible into Latin (the translation that became known as the Vulgate) and his commentaries on the whole Bible
Frame Narrative
A story within a story, within sometimes yet another story
Petrarch
“Father of Humanism”
- classical scholar and collector
- revived many classical texts
- studied and imitated Cicero, Ovid, and Virgil
Boccaccio
(1313-1375) Creator of “Decameron”, which was a narrative framework for quarantine.
(also he’s the writer who defined Dante’s comedy as “Divine”)
Chaucer
Christine de Pizan
Sought to defend women against misogynistic literature and stereotypes
Educated in the court of France
* Both father and husband end up dying and she needs to support her children, mother, and niece, SO SHE STARTS WRITING
* Author of “City of Ladies”