Final Flashcards

1
Q

Elements of Attraction

A

Similarity: similarities help get over differences, provides ego support, convenient
Complimentary: characteristics satisfy each others needs
Reciprocal Attraction: we like people who likes us, boost self esteem
Rewards: social exchange theory- rewards outweigh the costs, more good than bad
Competence: you like their skills or talents
Disclosure: provide information about yourself
Proximity: share space

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2
Q

Relational Transgressions

A
Lack of Commitment
Distance
Disrespect
Problematic Emotions
Aggressions
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3
Q

Indicators of a Committed Relationship

A

Providing affection
Providing support
Maintaining integrity
Sharing companionship

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4
Q

Knapp’s Relationship Escalation

A
  • Initiation: impressions
  • Experimenting: ask questions to gain information and decide if they wish to continue the relationship
  • Intensifying: more commitment, self-disclosure becomes more common, less formal
  • Integrating: individuals become a pair, do things together, shared relational identity
  • Bonding: formal, sometimes legal announcement of the relationship is made. Marriage, legal
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5
Q

Knapp’s Termination Model

A
  • Differentiating: assert independence
  • Circumscribing: communication diminishes
  • Stagnating: avoid discussing the relationship
  • Avoiding: physically separate
  • Termination: divorce, roommates move out, can be positive or negative
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6
Q

Gibbs Categories for Defensive & Supportive Climates

A
Evaluation vs. Description 
-judging, vs. observe
Neutrality vs. Empathy
-indifferent, caring
Superiority vs. Equality
-hierarchical mindset vs. same page, eye to eye
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7
Q

Interpersonal Intimacy Defined

A

-State of closeness, ability to be yourself and still be accepted by the other person. Even on your worst day they will accept you

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8
Q

Dimensions of Intimacy

A

Intellectual: meeting of minds, talk about school, lighting in movies
Emotional: share feelings
Physical: touch, contact, sex
Shared Activities: roommates, workout buddies, party friends

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9
Q

Relational Dialectics Theory

A

3 tensions in relationships:

  • autonomy vs. connection: by yourself, alone vs. want to be with other person
  • novelty vs. prediction: new vs. dependable
  • openness vs. closedness: sharing disclosure vs. private
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10
Q

Self-Disclosure Definition

A

The process of deliberately revealing information about ourselves that is significant and would not otherwise be known

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11
Q

Social Penetration Theory

A

The type and amount of information that we disclosure will vary in both breadth and depth

  • Breadth: how many different topics you discuss, school, fears, hobbies, etc.
  • Depth: how much you disclose about that topic
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12
Q

Types of information disclosed

A
  1. cliches
  2. facts
  3. opinions
  4. feelings
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13
Q

Johari Window Model of Self Disclosure

A
  • half known to self, what you know about yourself; other half not known about self
  • top known to others, bottom not know to others
  • top left:open
  • top right: blind
  • bottom left: hidden
  • bottom right: unknown
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14
Q

Risks of disclosure

A
  • Hurt other person

- Rejection

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15
Q

Benefits of disclosure

A
  • catharsis:inner peace, unloading, therapeutic
  • self-validation: seek approval
  • self-clarification:tell people about yourself so they know how you are
  • relationship enhancement: improves relationship
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16
Q

Guidelines for Self Disclosure

A

-Moral obligation to disclose?
-kids, std
-Think about the importance of the relationship
Appropriate? Relevant?
-Reciprocity: share back

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17
Q

Alternatives to Self-Disclosure

A
  • lying
  • equivocating: could mean anything, unclear, leave with possible interpretations
  • hinting: telling what you preferred without being direct
18
Q

Disconfirming Messages

A
  • Impervious Response: doesn’t acknowledge the other persons message
  • Interrupting: speaking before other person has finished talking
  • Irrelevant Responses: A comment unrelated to what the other person has just said
  • Tangential: goes off on tangents, uses other persons remarks as a starting point for a completly different topic
  • Impersonal: loaded with cliches and never truly responds to speaker
  • Ambiguous: contain messages with more than one meaning
  • Incongruous Responses: contains two messages that seem to deny or contradict each other, “I love you” in monotone
19
Q

Disconfirming Message: Impervious Response:

A

Doesn’t acknowledge the other persons message, ignoring, “stonewalling”

20
Q

Disconfirming-Confirming

A
  • aggressiveness
  • complaining
  • argumentativeness
  • recognition: hi, hi
  • acknowledgment: engage, conversations, listen
  • endorsement: agree with their perspective, if you don’t agree you see where they’re coming from
21
Q

Ineffective ways of expressing feelings

A

Commands, questions, accusations, judgements

22
Q

What to look for in a potential marriage partner

A
  • Is my friend attentive to my needs?
  • Am I as concerned for my friend as I am for myself?
  • Is my friend truthful?
23
Q

Conflict

A

An expressed struggle between at least 2 interdependent parties who perceive incompatable goals, scarce rewards & interference from the other party in achieving their goals

24
Q

Conflict Management Styles

A

Collaborating: Work together to come up with a solution everyone is happy with
Compromising: give and take
Competing: win-loose

25
Q

Disconfirming Message: Interrupting

A

Speaking before the other person is done talking

26
Q

Disconfirming Message: Irrelevant Response

A

A comment that is unrelated to what the person just said

27
Q

Disconfirming Message: Tangential Response

A

Goes off on a tangent, using what the person said as a starting point for a completly different topic

28
Q

Disconfirming Message: Impersonal Response

A

Uses cliches and never truly respond to the speaker

29
Q

Disconfirming Message: Ambiguous Response

A

The message could have more than one meaning

30
Q

Disconfirming Message: Incongruous

A

Contains two different messages that seem to contradict each other, ex. “I love you” said in a monotone voice

31
Q

Gibbs: Supportive Climate

A

Description: observe what is going on
Empathy: caring, acknowledge experience
Equality: same page, eye to eye

32
Q

Gibbs: Defensive Climates

A

Evaluation: judging
Neutrality: indifferent, uncaring
Superiority: hierarchical mindset

33
Q

Communication Climate Defined

A

The social and emotional tone of a relationship

34
Q

Two ways to respond to Criticism

A
  • Seek more information

- Agree

35
Q

Confirming Climate

A
  • Recognition: hi,hi
  • Acknowledgement: engaged, conversations, listen
  • Endorsement: agree with their perspective, if you disagree you can see why they did
36
Q

Disconfirming Climate

A

Aggressiveness
Complaining
Argumentativeness

37
Q

Defensive Reactions

A

Distorting Critical Information

  • rationalization:
  • compensation: emphasizes a strength in one area to cover up for weakness
  • regression: claiming you can’t when really you don’t want to

Avoiding Dissonant Information

  • physical avoidance
  • repression
  • apathy
38
Q

Types of Emotions

A

Primary vs. Mixed
-primary: acceptance, fear, surprise, sadness
Intense vs. Mild
Facilitative vs. Deliberative

39
Q

Influences on Emotional Expression

A

Personality
Culture
Gender
Fear of self disclosure

40
Q

Guidelines for expressing emotions

A
  • Recognize your true feelings
  • Accept responsibility for true feelings
  • Expand your emotional vocabulary
  • Share multiple feelings
41
Q

Strategies for Termination

A
Indirect: 
-Pseduo-deescelation
-Withdrawl 
Direct:
-justification
-positive tone