Final Flashcards
role of the nurse in teaching and learning
- create an environment to facilitate learning
- use a patient-centred approach
- assess the learning needs of the patient
- use the most appropriate educational strategy
the teaching process
planning -> implementation -> evaluation
learning plan with objectives -> the act of teaching -> determine outcomes, changes in behaviours, attitudes, knowledge, skills
3 determinants of learning
what -> the learning needs
when -> readiness to learn
how -> the learning style
assessment of learning needs
the what of the determinants of learning
- identify the learners
- choose the appropriate setting
- collect data from the learner (nursing history)
- involve other members of the healthcare team as needed
- prioritize learning needs
readiness to learn
the when of the determinants of learning
- physical
- emotional
- intellectual
- developmental (experiential/ knowledge readiness)
- social determinants of health
emotional readiness (motivation)
motivation is the desire to learn/change
anxiety can be a motivator
if anxiety is too low or too high it can interfere with readiness to learn
experiential readiness
learners past experiences with learning
- level of aspiration
- cultural background
- locus of control
knowledge readiness
learners present knowledge base
- present knowledge base
- learning ability
- preferred learning style
learning styles
the how of the determinants of learning
domains of learning
cognitive -> includes all intellectual behaviours and requires thinking/processing
affective -> expression of feelings and acceptance of attitudes, opinions, or values
psychomotor -> involves acquiring skills that require integration of mental and muscular acitivity
cognitive learning domain
- remembering
- understanding
- applying
- analyzing
- evaluating
- creating
affective learning domain
- receiving
- responding
- valuing
- organizing
- characterizing
psychomotor learning domain
- perception
- set
- guided response
- mechanism
- complex overt response
- adaptation
- origination
VAK
learning style assessment
visual, auditory, kinaesthetic
VAKT
learning style assessment
visual, auditory, kinaesthetic, tactile
Kolb’s Experiential Learning Theory
explores how we learn from experiences
learning is viewed as a continual problem-solving process
it is a practical self-assessment instrument to help us assess out own preferred approach to learning
four stage cycle
- active experimentation (Trying out new skills and abilities)
- concrete experience (Engaging in an activity)
- reflective observation (reflect on the activity)
- abstract conceptualization (gaining knowledge from the experience)
Behaviourism
learning as reflected in changes in behaviour
knowledge is transmitted and received
learning and behaviour change happens when correct behaviour is rewarded
nurses are transmitters of information and patients are passive receivers
cognitivism
based on piaget and andersons work
learning is a complex cognitive activity
patients learn through mental processing
enables the learner
change mental behaviour
humanism
ability to improve life through reason and ingenuity
learners, not teachers, chose what is to be learned
no submitting to tradition and authority
everyone is unique
demonstrates a change in the person -> holistic process of interaction between the learner and their environment
importance of patient education
nurses are not only a primary source of info but also often clarify info other health care providers give
especially important due to the short hospital stays and increased demand of nurses
three stage information processing
information input -> sensory register -> short term memory -> long term memory for storage and retrieval
applying cognitive theory
use picture graphs mapping tools
listen to stories or provide a calm environment
examples using food
use the 5 senses
factors that affect learning
- age and developmental stage
- motivation
- readiness to learn
- active involvement
- relevance
- feedback
- timing
- repetition
- simple to complex
- cultural barriers
- emotions
3 theories
behaviourism -> provides positive and negative reinforcement and can be used to change a behaviour
cognitivism -> a mental process, nurses take into consideration individual cognitive abilities to learn. Used to change thinking
humanism -> focuses on self-development and achieving ones full potential, learner is an active participant and takes responsibility for meeting their learning needs
