final Flashcards
chop shop
derogatory short hand for nail discount salons. Use has provoked racial insults reserect old racial framework such as the “yellow peril”
yellow peril
hot beds of disease and violators of US labor and living standards. new and old. These anti-Asian sentiments are from a century ago. the yellow peril is a collection of racial stereotypes of Asians and Asian americans asdirty, alien, evil and bent on invading or undermining western civilization.
- shortcuts in cleaning
- fast and inexpensive but at what cost.
What is Asian-ness?
clients see pushy, rushed and impersonal aspect of the service providers as Asian-ness.
What is emotional labour
lunches together, work becomes a second home.
What are the central themes to good hair.
white hair is good hair. the cost of assimilation. toxic chemicals. beauty defined.
model- minority.
asian americans are seen as the model minority becuse they can assimilate smoothly. they are industrious, hard working,
why do african americans reject the idea of the model minority.
minority hierarchy
Who is the main throrist in the book the managed hand?
Arlie Hochschild
What is emotional Labour?
add
What is the commercialization of intimate life?
intimate life has become part of global capitalist economy. capitalism has created many new jobs out of the commercialization of intimate life.
Appearance, comfort and health of human body have become a profit making venue.
What is gendered employment?
hochschild says that transnational inequalities allow proffesional women in rich countries to rely on women from pooredr countries for their domestic duties
What is feminization of imigration?
imigrants from countries like the philippines pick up the second shift for rich women as maids and nannies.
What are gendered employment experiences?
add
What does Arlie Hochschild say about emotions and service.
“The emotional style of offering the service is part of the service itself.”
Service work increasingly involves managing the emotional work of the heart.
- smiling
- complimenting, smoothing over conflicts,
- exchanging pleasantries.
what is body labour?
focuses on the exchange value of services performed on the body for a wage or other form of compensation. It entails extensive physical laboubor and the body servs as the vehicle for performing work but it also incorporates the body as the site or object upon which services are preformed.
What is the third shift?
- beauty.
- increasingly relies on the labour of immigrant women of colour.
what is unskilled labour?
paid domestic labour and beaty services.
What is the sacrifice of beauty service workers in their family lives?
often the migrate hoping to beter support their families but they have to take care of others in the workplace and sacrifice the care of their own families physical and mental health.
Naomi wolf and the beauty myth
-womens profesional and political advancement is undermined by unattainable expectations regarding physical appearance.
What are important tools for womens political and social power
Conforming to beauty ideology.
What is the second shift?
Womens double duty as wage earners and home makers.
What is the problem with trying to achieve power by beauty?
it does not change social structures than inhib woman’s power.
what does Pierre Bourdieu say about taste?
distinctions in everyday tastes as notions of beauty are shaped by social locations
What does Kang focus on about taste?
enlarges Bourdieu's concept. says that the concept of habitus addresses how gender and race also influence tast resulting in social hiearchies. - taste is a reflection of gender, class and race.
What is habitus?
conditions associated with a particular class of conditions of existence. the neccesity to display embodied distinction. Variation in manicures is not about taste but about customers habitus.
What are docile bodies?
-michel foucault
- having things done without resisting
- disiclinary power and practice produce docile bodies.
pg 135
-nail salons serve as sites that discipine certain womens bodies to conform to beauty.
What is the fronstage and back stage?
erving goffman pg 149 Front stage is public and backstage is private or hidden from most people - workers sit comfortably - eat when they want - be korean.
What is intersectionality?
pg 24
- refers to how social dynamic…
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pg 25
inequalities along each of the dimentions: race, gender, class….
What are the main things Kang looks at?
gender, class, race and immigration
Beauty and body presentations
- care work
racialized sexual harrasment
What is care work?
A specific kind of gendered racialized service work often performed by immigrant women.
What is gender?
a human invention. It organizes human social life in culturally patteredn ways. it is a social category and not a biological one.
What is sex?
biological differences between males and females.
What is gendered?
refers to the process by which certain roles, activities, traits, emotions or objects, aquire masculine or feminine meanings.
What is dimorphisism?
the notion that there are two kinds of bodies. B=Male and female.
What is berdache?
native american society with a third gender. they have male anatomy but live as neither male or femmeet sexual needs of other men ale and combine characteristics of both
What are Hijras
intersexed males who become social women. they werar womans clothes
what is mode of production?
how basic needs such as food, shelter and clothing are met
What is kinship rules?
govern who gets what sort of resourses. key to the status of men and woman. when societies shifted to agriculure womens economic roles were reduced. control of resourses were tied to land and men had the advantage due to phisical strength.
what is the one sex model?
human were ranked into a hiarchy of perfection
What is a true hermaphrodite?
born with ovary and testicular material. Genetically neither male or female.
What is a pseudo hermaphrodite?
sex at birth is ambiguous. most are surgically altered,
What are transgenders?
make a decision to change sex and gender.
Private Sphere:
social relations are holistic and emotional. intimate and be true self. subjective
Public Sphere:
Rational and impersonal: objective. Act in terms of roles.
What is one of the foundations of gender relations?
Separation of private and public spheres are one of the foundations of gender relations. Women and femininity are associtated with private and men and masculinity are associted with public.
What is the self made man?
131
What is the useful man?
131
What is a real man
135
What is the crisis of masculinity?
roosevelt was president. The self made man was slipping away. genaration becomes womanized?
Working class men were trapped in factory jobs. Middle class men were taking office jobs and this was threatening manhood. not being in charge was emasculating.
retaliation came in organized sports.
Olympics just for men.
Who is Rosie the riveter
imaginary character who would take a job on the assembly line to further war effort. after the war had ended women were expected to return to their house work.
What is race?
groups of people who are assumed to
- have phisical characteristics in common
- fall into distinct and sharply bounded groups
- inherit their racial status.
- share behavioural characteristics
- ranked hiarchally.
What is a stereotype?
an image that is attributed to one group by another group. Examples: asians are intelligent.
what are indentured servants?
regardeless of skin colour were not free but had some type of binding obligation to someone.
What is chattel slavery?
defined people as property.
five factors in the change form preracial to racial categories.
rise of capitalism rise of egalitarian values cultural construct of savage, legitimization by science enforcement of racial dominence b government.
What is biological reductionism
attempt to exlain behavioural differences between groups on basis of biological differences.
What is WASP?
white, anglo-saxon Protestant. at one point this was the only white.
What are essentialist views of race?
essential or genetic characteristics.
What are constructionist views of race?
differences are cultural or learned.
what is reflexivity?
differences reinforce racial distinctions.
pg 103
What is Identity?
The sense that people have themselves in relationships to others. the sense of “us” and “them”
What is redlining
used maps with red lines to determine boundries for inclusion. Bankers would reject people for home loans if they were from minority neighborhoods.
What is institutional racisism?
refers to the practices of institutions that have the effect of perpetuating inequality between races.
