final Flashcards
examples of grass hay
bermuda, teff, orchard, timothy
how many teeth do horses have
36-44
hypsodont
what are the incisors numbers
01-03
Right upper: 101-103
Right lower : 401-103
what number is the canine tooth if present
04
104 ,204, 304, 404
a tooth in the 200s would be what quadrant
left upper
a tooth in the 300s would be what quadrant
Left Lower
a tooth in the 400s would be what quadrant
right lower
what tooth is 105, 205 if present
wolf tooth
what tooth is 105
pre molar, wolf tooth
what tooth is 209
molar
09-11 are what teeth
molars
what numbers are the premolars
05-08
foals are most susceptible to what parasite and how do you treat it
ascarids
benzimidazole
what are ascarids resistant to
macrocyclic lactones
therefore avermectin, pyrantil and praziquantel wouldn’t work to treat
what do you treat large strongyles w/
ivermectin
what can large strongyles cause
thromboembolic colic
what parasite is measured to determine shedding status
small strongyles
what drug(s) treats strongyles
avermectin, pyrantel
what drug can be used to treat tapeworms when its dose is doubled
pyrantel
what parasites are resistant to pyrantel
ascarids + cyanthostomes (small strongyles)
what does praziquantel treat
tapeworms
what issues can tapeworms cause
- ileocecol and cecocolic intussusception
- typhilitis (inflammation of cecum)
what parasite causes small intestine impaction
ascarids
what issue can large strongyles cause
thromboembolic colic
what issue can small strongyles cause
encysted cyathostomes
Fecal egg count tests only works on what parasites
ascarids and strongyles
how many epg is a low, moderate or high shedder
low: 0-200
moderate: 200-500
high: >500
standard parasite treatment for any shedder type
avermectin 2x, praziquantel, larvicidal and FEC 2x
how often to deworm a moderate shedder
1-2x more per year
how often to deworm a high shedder
4x extra
normal protein concentration
6-8 g/dL
normal PCV
30-50%
main site of enzymatic breakdown
stomach
where cellulose breakdown and production of VFAs occurs
cecum
some CHOs and proteins that escaped the small intestine get broken down here
cecum
where reabsorption of water occurs
colon
formation of fecal balls occurs where
descending/small colon
where does microbial fermentation occur
cecum and colon
young mare, less than 2yo
colt
young female, less than 2yo
filly
castrated male
gelding
intact male
stallion
propionate
used for glucose production
converted to acetyl CoA gets used for immediate energy or fat synthesis
acetate
butyrate
converted to acetyl CoA
