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History > Final 150 Part Two > Flashcards

Final 150 Part Two Flashcards

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1
Q

Election of 1800

A
  • John Adams vs Thomas Jefferson
  • Two candidates had 73 electoral votes Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr
  • Election was decided by the House of Representatives
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2
Q

Louisiana Purchase

A
  • France sells the territory for $15 million
  • Doubled the size of US
  • 1803 with 3rd president Thomas Jefferson
  • Group of federalists threatened to secede from the union
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3
Q

Lewis and Clark Expedition

A
  • Were sent out to explore Louisiana territory and find resources in 1804-1806
  • Sacagawea talked to chiefs to tell them it was a peaceful mission
  • Followed Missouri River
  • Sparked a sense of adventure
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4
Q

Impressment and the attack of the Chesapeake

A

Impressment
-British impressed thousands of native US citizens
-Act forcing Americans to serve in British Navy
Attack on Chesapeake
-US ships was intercepted by British vessel demanding to search for dissenters , Captain refuses then British commander attacks

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5
Q

War Hawks from the War of 1812

A

War of 1812
-Impressment of soldiers and attack on the Chesapeake are causes of war and Treaty of Ghent ended the war ,signed Dec. 24
Henry Clay
-War Hawk,
Created a program called “The American System”
John C. Calhoun
-War Hawk, chief supporter of state sovereignty,

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6
Q

War of 1812 – DC burned, Fort McHenry, Battle of New Orleans

A

DC Burning
-British forces were able to march into Washington DC and burned the Capitol, president’s mansion, library of congress
Fort McHenry
-British attacked fort at the entrance at Baltimore Harbor
Battle of New Orleans
-January 8, 1815 took place after treaty was signed
-Decisive victory for US
-Helped the US gain respect around the world build a strong national identity (nationalism)

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7
Q

The Star Spangled Banner

A

After Fort McHenry bombardment Francis Scott Key was inspired to write the song

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8
Q

Monroe Doctrine

A
  • Western Hemisphere was no longer open for colonization
  • Was put in place due to many Latin American nations gaining independence from Spain
  • Became an important part of American Foreign Policy instantly
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9
Q

Irish Potato Famine’s relationship to Immigration

A

1860s largest group of immigrants were from Ireland do to terrible potato famine

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10
Q

Elizabeth Cady Stanton’s convention

A
  • Seneca Falls Convention was the first women rights convention in Seneca Falls New York and led by Elizabeth Cady Stanton
  • Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth fought for women’s suffrage and Susan B Anthony wanted equal pay, college training, and coeducation
  • 1920 19th amendment was made for women’s suffrage
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11
Q

Industrial Revolution

A

Change from an agrarian society to one based on industry

In America the industrial revolution movement began in New England

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12
Q

Capitalism

A
  • Economic system of the US
  • Capitalism- individuals put their capital into a business in the hopes of making a profit
  • Capital- money used for investment
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13
Q

Free Enterprise System

A
  • Free enterprise/free market system-people are free to buy, sell, and produce what they want and can work where they wish
  • Price/cost is set by supply and demand in free enterprise system
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14
Q

Supply and Demand

A

Prices/cost is set by supply and demand in an enterprise system

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15
Q

Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin – what it did and why that was important

A
  • Invented in 1793
  • Interchangeable parts allowed complete products to be made using identical machine parts
  • Made gathering cotton easier and is important because it increased slavery and growth of industry
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16
Q

Urban vs Rural

A

Urban-City

Rural-Country

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17
Q

Wilderness Road

A
  • Route in Kentucky from the Atlantic coast (1775)
  • Aided the early exploration of Tennessee because it made passing through the mountains easier and open the door for new settlement
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18
Q

Daniel Boone

A
  • Daniel Boone and 30 skilled foresters blazed a trail that became the wilderness road
  • This made him a long hunter, and American wilderness explorer for at least 6 months at a time
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19
Q

Cumberland Gap

A

In the mountains allowed for a path to be created that may passing through the Appalachian Mountains easier

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20
Q

The Corrupt Bargain

A
  • The speaker of the house, Henry Clay, meets with Adams and agrees to use his influence to help Adams get the vote in the House of Representatives
  • John Quincy Adams wins the election of 1824
  • After corrupt bargain the Democratic Republican Party splits up
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21
Q

Andrew Jackson – spoils system, fight with the bank

A
  • Andrew Jackson wins the election of 1824 against John Quincy Adams ,wins by a landslide
  • Nickname old Hickory because he was tough as a hickory stick, $20 bill, lived in Nashville popularity with common man change politics in Washington DC
  • Spoils system is the practice of replacing government employees with the winning candidate supporters
  • Tried to kill the bank by withdrawing all federal funds from the national bank and placing them in smaller state banks
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22
Q

Indian Removal Act

A
  • Act passed by Congress in order to relocate Native Americans in 1830, Indian territory was modern-day Oklahoma
  • The Cherokee did not comply with the Indian removal act
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23
Q

Trail of Tears

A
  • Relocation and movement of Cherokee from Georgia to Oklahoma
  • In 1838 General Winfield Scott and an army of 7000 federal troops came to remove the Cherokee from their homes
  • Seminole people were the only native American group to successfully resist removal
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24
Q

Sequoyah

A

-Sequoia is known for creating the written Cherokee language, alphabet

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25
Q

William Henry Harrison’s Presidency

A
  • Ninth president
  • Battle of Tippecanoe before War of 1812 (Tippecanoe and Tyler too)
  • Gave inauguration speak that lasted over two hours
  • Died of pneumonia shortly afterwards shortest presidency 32 days
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26
Q

Manifest Destiny

A

-Believe that America should extend its boundaries all the way to the Pacific ocean

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27
Q

Texas Rebellion

A

-

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28
Q

The Alamo – battle significance

A
  • Santa Anna’s Mexico VS Travis’ Texans
  • Defenders of the Alamo bought the Texans more needed time
  • Texas declares independence on March 2, 1836 ,Sam Houston becomes commander in chief of the Texas forces
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29
Q

Davy Crockett

A

-Backwoodsman from Tennessee who volunteered to fight at the Alamo

30
Q

Oregon Trail

A

-The Oregon Trail was used by sellers migrating to Pacific Northwest

31
Q

James K Polk – President that fulfilled what?

A
  • 11th president
  • “Young Hickory”
  • Firm believer in manifest destiny
  • Determined to gain New Mexico and California because of trade
32
Q

Mexican War – Border dispute, Mexican Cession

A

Mexican War
-April 24, 1846 Mexican troops attacked Zachary Taylor
- Mexico lost half of its territory
Border Disputes
-US believes the Texas border is the Rio Grande River and Mexico believe the border is the Nueces River
-Cause of the Mexican American war
Mexican Cession
-Ceded California and New Mexico and in return the US gave them $15 million

33
Q

John Sutter and the California Gold Rush

A

John Sutter
-Obtained land in California
-1st to discover gold nugget on his property
-Gold seekers destroyed his property
California Gold Rush
-More than doubled the world supply of gold
-Levi Strauss sold miners sturdy pants made by denim
-End it in a few years but had a long lasting effects on California’s economy

34
Q

Brigham Young

A

-Brigham Young lead the Migration to Utah to the Great Salt Lake area of Utah

35
Q

The Missouri Compromise of 1820

A
  • Help to preserve the balance between North and South

- Was made to have Maine enter as a free state and Missouri entered as a slave state (1820)

36
Q

John Brown

A

Violent abolitionist that believed God had chosen him to end slavery

37
Q

Harriet Tubman

A

-The most famous conductor for Underground Railroad

38
Q

Underground Railroad

A

-A network of escape routes out of the south for enslaved people

39
Q

Frederick Douglass

A
  • Most well-known African-American abolitionist and worked hard to become a powerful speaker with wit and wisdom
  • Escaped slavery in 1838
  • Anti-slavery newspaper called the “North Star”
  • Believed that the injustice of slavery destroyed America’s ideals of freedom
  • In 1847 friends helped him purchase his freedom from his original slaveholder
40
Q

Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin

A

-Novel that explored the issue of slavery

41
Q

Fugitive Slave Act

A
  • Required all citizens to help catch runaway slaves in 1850 ,anyone who aided a fugitive slave could be fined or imprisoned
  • The enforcement of this act caused more anger in the north
42
Q

Kansas-Nebraska Act

A
  • Increased amount of territory open to slaveholding in the US
  • Kansas and Nebraska were North of the line set in Missouri compromise
43
Q

Sumner-Brooks Incident

A
  • Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts lashed out against those for slavery including Andrew P Butler from South Carolina
  • Butler’s cousin Representative Preston Brooks walked into the Senate chamber and hit Sumner with a cane
44
Q

Raid on Harper’s Ferry

A
  • Lead 18 man on a raid to attack a weapon storage facility in Harpers Ferry, VA
  • He hoped to start a rebellion against slaveholders but he and his men were quickly defeated by federal troops and local citizens
  • Executed for treason in and his death became a rallying point for abolitionist
45
Q

Dred Scott v Sandford

A
  • “A slave VS his owner”
  • The Dred Scott case divided the nation even more
  • 11 years later the case went to the Supreme Court and Chief Justice Roger B. Taney said Scott was still a slave
  • His decision basically stated that the Constitution protected slavery
46
Q

Lincoln-Douglass debates – House Divided Speech

A

-Senate race in Illinois that became the center of national attention
-Representative, Abraham Lincoln VS Democrat, Stephen A Douglas
-Main topic was slavery
Lincoln
-Didn’t like slavery
Douglas
-Little giant
-Disliked slavery but didn’t think it was important enough to abolish it

47
Q

Election of 1860

A
  • Lincoln becomes 16th president
  • More populous North outvoted the South
  • Lincoln promised not to disturb slavery where it already existed, but many in the South did not trust him
48
Q

Causes of the Civil War

A
  • South did not trust Lincoln
  • Many states seceded
  • Attack on Fort Sumter
49
Q

Fort Sumter

A
  • Confederate guns opened fire on Fort Sumter on April 12, 1861
  • Fort Sumter attack marked the beginning of the civil war
50
Q

Ulysses S. Grant

A

-He and 40,000 troops are headed to an important railroad junction in Mississippi there was a church named Shiloh near their resting point in South West Tennessee

51
Q

Robert E. Lee

A
  • Lead commander of the confederate side
  • Opposed to slavery but still fought on the confederate side because he was a proud Virginian that would not fight against his own state
52
Q

Stonewall Jackson

A

-Considered one of the most famous gifted tactical commanders in US history

53
Q

First Battle of Bull Run

A
  • First major battle of the civil war, fought near town of Manassas Junction and a small river named Bull Run
  • 30,000 Union troops led by General Irvin McDowell attacked a confederate forces led by General PGT Beauregard
  • Confederate troops became inspired by reinforcements led by General Thomas Jackson
  • Confederates let out a loud and strange scream a rebel yell that terrified the northern soldiers and caused them to drop their weapons and retreat
  • The Confederates were to disorganize and we can to pursue the fight
54
Q

Anaconda Plan

A

Union war plan to defeat the south by dividing them into two

55
Q

54th Massachusetts

A

-Most well known African American regiment

56
Q

The Battle of Gettysburg

A
  • Union forces are greatly outnumbered and are forced to retreat
  • After 2 years of unsuccessful assaults Lee plans a attack that he hoped would create a panic and destroy the army
  • Lead by General George Pickett a dis remembered as Pickett’s charge
57
Q

The Battle of Vicksburg

A

-Turning point of the Civil War

58
Q

Sherman’s March to the Sea

A
  • General William Tecumseh Sherman led the western army towards Atlanta
  • After burning Atlanta Sherman’s army began their historic “march to the sea” towards Savanna, Georgia
59
Q

Lee Surrendering to Grant

A
  • April 9, 1865 Lee surrendered to Grant in as all Virginia village called Appomattox Court House
  • The terms of surrender was very forgiving
60
Q

13th Amendment

A

Abolish slavery in 1865

61
Q

14th Amendment

A

-Gave full citizenship to anyone born in US including African-American’s in 1866

62
Q

15th Amendment

A

-Gave African-American men the right to vote in 1870

63
Q

Lincoln Assassination – theater name, murderer, place of death

A 
-April 14, 1865 Lincoln and his wife attended the play "Our American Cousin"
Place
-Ford's Theater
Murderer 
-John Wilkes Booth
Place of death
-Petersen House
64
Q

10 Percent Plan and Radical Republican Plans for Reconstruction

A

10 Percent Plan
-Forgiving of the South
Radical Republican Plan
-Wanted harsher readmission process

65
Q

Freedman’s Bureau

A

Agency that helped African-Americans make the transition to freedom

66
Q

Segregation

A

-Separation of the races

67
Q

Jim Crow Laws

A
  • Laws that required African-American’s and whites to be separated in almost every public place
  • Laws were upheld in court case Plessy VS Ferguson, the court said segregation was illegal as long as it was separated and equal
68
Q

Klu Klux Klan

A

-Largest anti-African American terrorist organization in the South

69
Q

Number one crop in the South

A

Cotton

70
Q

Bleeding Kansas

A

-First territory to shade blood in a Civil War over slavery

History (12 decks)

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