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History > Final 150 Part One > Flashcards

Final 150 Part One Flashcards

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1
Q

Why did Europeans come to America to colonize?

A

To acquire land and spread Christianity

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2
Q

Virginia Company

A

The joint stock company that established Jamestown

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3
Q

Jamestown

A

When governor, John Smith left they suffered and tobacco saved them

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4
Q

John Smith

A

First governor of Jamestown

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5
Q

Pocahontas

A

John Rolfe’s wife and daughter of Chief Powhatan

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6
Q

John Rolfe

A

Married Pocahontas

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7
Q

Tobacco

A

Main crop of settlers

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8
Q

Bacon’s Rebellion

A

Showed that the government could not ignore the demands of its people

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9
Q

Plymouth Colony

A

The colony of pilgrims

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10
Q

Pilgrims

A

Separatist who came to the colonies for religious purposes

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11
Q

Mayflower

A

Ship that pilgrims came over on (1620) and later settled in Virginia

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12
Q

Mayflower Compact

A

Pilgrims signed it. It set up an organized, orderly government

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13
Q

William Bradford

A

Famous for the writing of Plymouth Plantation. Led the pilgrims for over 30 years

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14
Q

Squanto and Samoset

A

During the first spring two Native Americans that befriended some pilgrims and showed them how to grow corn, beans, and squash. They also showed them how to hunt and fish.

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15
Q

Puritans

A

Protestants who wished to reform the Anglican Church

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16
Q

Massachusetts Bay Colony

A

In 1629 a group of puritans formed the colony based on the Bible

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17
Q

John Winthrop

A

Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony

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18
Q

Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams

A

Were both taken to trial over disagreeing with Puritans and were kicked out of Massachusetts. They formed Rhode Island.

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19
Q

Salem Witch Trials

A

Series of hearings and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft where many who were falsely accused, were killed.

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20
Q

William Penn

A

Founded Pennsylvania a Quaker that wrote their constitution

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21
Q

Quakers

A

Tolerant of others laws, their were pacifist (refused to fight), positive treatment towards women and Native Americans.

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22
Q

Pacifists

A

People opposed to fighting in war

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23
Q

James Oglethorpe’s debtor and buffer colony

A

Set up Georgia as a buffer state between the stronger English colonies and Spanish attacks and as a place where English debtors and the lower class could get a fresh start

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24
Q

First Great Awakening

A

Religious revival that swept through the colonies in the 1730s and 1740s

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25
Q

Triangular Trade

A

A system in which slaves, crops, and manufactured goods were traded between Africa, the Caribbean, and the American colonies

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26
Q

Poor Richard’s Almanack, Albany Plan of Union and Join or Die Cartoon

A

Benjamin Franklin wrote Poor Richard’s Almanack, a collection of witty sayings such as, “ a penny saved is a penny earned”

Albany Plan of Union called for one general government for the 13 colonies in, design to help them defend themselves from the French

First political cartoon in America was “Join or Die”

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27
Q

John Peter Zenger Trial

A

In 1733 he accused the governor of New York corruption in the New York Weekly Journal and was thrown in jail. Later he was found not guilty. This helped lead to freedom of press.

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28
Q

Cause of French and Indian War

A

Great Britain and colonies against French and Indians because of a dispute on who controlled the land in North America

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29
Q

Proclamation of 1763

A

Singed by Great Britain it halted western expansion by the settlers west of the Appalachian Mountains to appease the Native Americans

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30
Q

The Sugar Act

A

Lowered the tax on molasses to try and convince people to stop smuggling

31
Q

The Stamp Act

A

Placed a tax on all printed materials in the colonies

32
Q

The Boston Massacre

A

Fight between British soldiers and townspeople once a soldier gets knocked down the soldiers start firing on the crowd five people died. This was used as propaganda

33
Q

The Boston Tea Party

A

Done in response to the tea act 1773. A group of colonist led by the Sons of Liberty board an EITC ship when it is set to be unloaded and they destroy the tea by throwing it into Boston Harbor

34
Q

The Intolerable/Coercive Acts

A

Harsh laws intended to punish Massachusetts citizens as a reaction to the Boston Tea Party

35
Q

Patrick Henry

A

Said “ I am not a Virginian, but an American” . Persuaded the House of Burgesses to take action against the Stamp Act and and is the most anti-British political action from the Colonists up to this point

36
Q

Samuel Adams and the Sons of Liberty

A

The Sons of Liberty was a secret society formed to protest the rights of the colonists and fight taxation by the British and was founded by Samuel Adams

37
Q

John Hancock

A

Owned The Liberty was a well known protest leader

38
Q

Thomas Paine’s Common Sense

A

Called for colonies to have complete independence from Great Britain

39
Q

Declaration of Independence – Year, location, author, significance

A

July 4, 1776, Philadelphia, Thomas Jefferson, explains why the colonies chose to form a new nation

40
Q

Cause of American Revolutionary War

A

Taxation without representation

41
Q

Loyalists

A

People who didn’t think the taxes were enough of a reason to fight

42
Q

Patriots

A

People who were determined to fight until independence was won

43
Q

Battles of Lexington and Concord

A

Lexington was where minutemen fired the “shot heard ‘round the world”

Concord- 700 British soldiers were ordered to seize any ammunition at concord

44
Q

Battle of Saratoga

A

Turning point of the war, France and Spain became allies of the colonies

45
Q

Winter at Valley Forge

A

A time of terrible suffering without decent food clothing or shelter for Washington and his troops

46
Q

Battle of Yorktown

A

The last major battle of the American Revolution

47
Q

Benedict Arnold

A

A captain in the Connecticut militia who raised a force of 400 to seize Fort Ticonderoga. Hero of the Battle of Saratoga

48
Q

Lead commander of the Patriots troops in the war

A

George Washington

49
Q

Marquis de La Fayette

A

Believed that the future of America had a great influence on the future of man kind

50
Q

Friedrich von Steuben

A

Drilled the troops at Valley Forge. Prussian born officer, is credited with teaching the Continental Army the essential of military drill and discipline

51
Q

Francis Marion (swamp fox)

A

Considered the father of guerrilla warfare

52
Q

guerrilla warfare

A

A hit and run technique

53
Q

Treaty of Paris 1783

A

Ended the American Revolution

54
Q

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

A

Created one territory out of the lands North of the Ohio River and East of the Mississippi River

55
Q

Articles of Confederation

A

America’s first constitution. Unsuccessful because the government it provided was not strong enough to handle all of the problems of the country

56
Q

Shays’ Rebellion

A

an uprising by Massachusetts farmers to fight the governments taxes on poor farmers

57
Q

The Great Compromise

A

Established the model for congress used to this day

58
Q

The 3/5 Compromise

A

Allowed southern states to count slaves as 3/5 of one free person for representation

59
Q

The US Constitution – Father of, year, and purpose

A

James Madison, 1787, to strengthen the government

60
Q

Bill of Rights

A

First ten amendments to the Constitution

61
Q

1st Amendment

A

Guarantees freedom of speech, religion, assembly, press, and petition the government

62
Q

2nd Amendment

A

Citizens have the right to bear arms

63
Q

4th Amendment

A

Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures without due process of law

64
Q

5th Amendment

A

Natural rights can not be deprived without due process of law

65
Q

6th Amendment

A

You have the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury

66
Q

Three Branches of Government and their purpose

A

Legislative- law making branch

Executive branch - carries out laws

Judicial branch- interprets laws and declares laws or presidential acts unconstitutional

67
Q

Whiskey Rebellion

A

A civil uprising against the taxing power of the federal government

68
Q

Alexander Hamilton

A

Proposed a plan that would have the federal government take care of the state debts from the war

69
Q

Alien and Sedition Acts

A

Alien acts-allowed President to deport aliens

Sedition act- a crime to speak or write false criticism to try and weaken the government

70
Q

John Sevier

A

First governor of Tennessee

71
Q

Natchez Trace

A

An important route for trade between Mississippi and Nashville

72
Q

Marbury v Madison

A

This was the 1st time the Supreme Court decided something was unconstitutional

73
Q

Judicial review

A

Judicial review means the court can nullify actions of other branches.

74
Q

McCulloch v Maryland

A

Said allowing states to tax local banks would give states to much power

History (11 decks)

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