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US History > Final 150 > Flashcards

Final 150 Flashcards

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1
Q

Why did Europeans come to America to colonize?

A

1- To acquire more land

2- To spread Christianity

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2
Q

Virginia Company

A

The joint-stock company that established Jamestown

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3
Q

Jamestown

A

The settlement started by Virginia company

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4
Q

John Smith

A

Governor of Jamestown for its first two years.

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5
Q

Pocahontas

A

Powhatan Chiefs daughter, who married John Rolfe, died in England.

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6
Q

John Rolfe

A

Married Pocahontas, know for saving John Smith, sold first crop of Jamestown in 1614

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7
Q

Tobacco

A

Saved Jamestown, was Americas best know crop.

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8
Q

Bacon’s Rebellion

A

Showed that the settlers were not content with being restricted to the coast Carolinas, lead by Nathaniel Bacon

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9
Q

Plymouth Colony

A

The colony of the Pilgrims

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10
Q

Pilgrims

A

Separatists who came to the colonies for religious freedom

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11
Q

Mayflower

A

The ship that the pilgrims traveled on to get to the Americas

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12
Q

Mayflower Compact

A

Document that the pilgrims signed and follow,first set towards government

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13
Q

William Bradford

A

Was governor of Plymouth colony in 1621.

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14
Q

Squanto and Samoset

A

Befriended the pilgrims and showed them how to grow corn, beans, and squash. Also showed them how to hunt and fish.

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15
Q

Puritans

A

Protestants who wanted to reform

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16
Q

Massachusetts Bay Colony

A

Formed by puritans in 1629

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17
Q

John Winthrop

A

Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony, was the groups governor

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18
Q

Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams

A

We’re both taken to trial over disagreeing with Puritans and were kicked out of Massachusetts. They formed Rhode Island .

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19
Q

Salem Witch Trials

A

A series of hearings and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft where many who were falsely accused, were killed.

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20
Q

William Penn

A

Founded Pennsylvania Colony wrote their constitution, was a Quaker

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21
Q

Quakers

A

Were tolerant of other religions, were pacifists lived in Pennsylvania.

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22
Q

Pacifists

A

People who refused to fight in wars or use force

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23
Q

James Oglethorpe’s debtor and buffer colony

A

Georgia

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24
Q

First Great Awakening

A

A religious revival that swept through the colonies, the belief grows that to God, all people are equal.

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25
Q

Triangular Trade

A

A trades system in which slaves, crops, and manufactured goods were traded between Africa, the Caribbean, and the American Colonies.

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26
Q

Poor Richard’s Almanack, Albany Plan of Union and Join or Die Cartoon

A

Ben Franklin

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27
Q

Cause of French and Indian War

A

France and GB wanted control of the Ohio River Valley, for fur trade

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28
Q

Proclamation of 1763

A

Halted westward expansion by the settlers west of the Appalachian Mountains to appease the Native Americans

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29
Q

The Sugar Act

A

Lowered the tax on molasses to try and convince people to stop smuggling

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30
Q

The Sugar Act

A

Lowered the tax on molasses to try and convince people to stop smuggling

31
Q

The Sugar Act

A

Lowered the tax on molasses to try and convince people to stop smuggling

32
Q

The Stamp Act

A

Placed a tax on almost all printed material in the colonies.

33
Q

The Boston Massacre

A

A fight breaks out between townspeople and British soldiers, 5 killed, used as propaganda

34
Q

The Boston Tea Party

A

A group of colonists led by the Sons Of Liberty board an EITC ship when it is set to be unloaded and they destroy the tea by drowning it in Boston harbor

35
Q

The Intolerable/Coercive Acts

A

Intended to punish Massachusetts citizens as a reaction to the Boston tea party, called this bc these acts closed Boston Harbor until tea was paid for

36
Q

Patrick Henry

A

Persuaded the House of Burgesses to take action against the Stamp Act and is the most Anti-British political action from the colonist up to this point

37
Q

Samuel Adams and the Sons of Liberty

A

A secret society formed to protect the rights of the colonists and fight taxation by the British and was founded by Samuel Adams

38
Q

John Hancock

A

First person to sign the Deceleration of Independence

39
Q

Thomas Paine’s Common Sense

A

Called for the colonies to have complete independence from GB

40
Q

Declaration of Independence – Year, location, author, significance

A

1776, Philadelphia, Thomas Jefferson, to explain why the colonies chose to form a new nation

41
Q

Loyalists

A

Believe the colonies should remain under British rule.

42
Q

Patriots

A

Believed the colonies should become an independent nation

43
Q

Battles of Lexington and Concord

A

First fight in revolutionary war

44
Q

Battle of Saratoga

A

The turning point of the war

45
Q

Winter at Valley Forge

A

A time of terrible suffering without decent food, clothing or shelter for Washington and his troops

46
Q

Battle of Yorktown

A

Last major battle of RW

47
Q

Benedict Arnold

A

Hero of Battle at Saratoga,shot in leg combat career over.

48
Q

Lead commander of the Patriots troops in the war

A

George Washington

49
Q

Marquis de La Fayette

A

Believed that the future of America had a great influence on the future of mankind.

50
Q

Friedrich von Steuben

A

Prussian born officer, taught the continental army the essentials of military and discipline

51
Q

Francis Marion

A

Was also known as swamp fox, father of guerrilla warfare

52
Q

guerrilla warfare

A

A hit and run war technique

53
Q

Treaty of Paris 1783

A

Ended the RW, recognized that the US was an independent nation

54
Q

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

A

Created one territory out of the lands north of the Ohio Valley and East of the Mississippi River, contained Bill of rights for the settlers.

55
Q

Articles of Confederation

A

America’s first constitution, November 1777,

56
Q

Shays’ Rebellion

A

Revealed the need for a stronger central government, uprising by Massachusetts farmers to fight gov taxes on poor farmers.

57
Q

The Great Compromise

A

Established the model for congress used to this day

58
Q

The 3/5 Compromise

A

Allowed Southern States to count slaves as 3/5 of one free person for representation

59
Q

The US Constitution – Father of, year, and purpose

A

James Madison, March 9, 1789 or 1787 idk created the branches of government, divided powers, and separated state and national governments

60
Q

Bill of Rights

A

1st 10 Amendments to the constitution

61
Q

1st Amendment

A

Guaranties freedom of speech, religion, assembly, press and petition the gov’t

62
Q

2nd Amendment

A

The right to bear arms

63
Q

4th Amendment

A

Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures without probable cause.

64
Q

5th Amendment

A

Natural Right can not be deprived without due process of law.

65
Q

6th Amendment

A

You have the right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury

66
Q

Three Branches of Government and their purpose

A

Legislative- makes laws
Executive- carries out laws
Judicial- Interprets laws and declares a Laws or Presidential Acts Unconstitutional

67
Q

Whiskey Rebellion

A

A civil uprising against the taxing power of the federal gov’t

68
Q

Alexander Hamilton

A

Federalist-

  • favored a strong Federal gov’t
  • ruled by wealthy
  • loose interpretation of the Const.
69
Q

Alien and Sedition Acts

A

Alien- allowed president to deport aliens

Sedition- A crime to speak or write false criticisms to try and weaken the gov’t

70
Q

John Sevier

A

First governor of Tennessee

71
Q

Natchez Trace

A

Became an important route for trade between Mississippi and Nashville

72
Q

Marbury v Madison

A

The landmark court case that established judicial review

73
Q

Judicial review

A

The court can nullify actions of other branches

74
Q

McCulloch v Maryland

A

Supreme Court case over states rights

US History (14 decks)

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