FINAL Flashcards

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1
Q

Rhythm

A

duration of music, in and between beats

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2
Q

Harmony

A

Vertical alignment of pitches, pitches on top of another

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3
Q

Timbre

A

the tone color of an instrument

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4
Q

Melody

A

singable in one breath; horizontal alignment of pitches, one after another

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5
Q

Dynamics

A

volume (loud or soft)

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6
Q

Tempo

A

speed (how fast or slow)

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7
Q

Key

A

specific pitch name

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8
Q

Monophonic

A

one line

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9
Q

Polyphonic

A

more than one line

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10
Q

Homophonic

A

one line with accompaniment

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11
Q

Meter

A

a reoccurring pattern of strong and weak beats

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12
Q

Tonality

A

Within a key, a feeling of centrality

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13
Q

Secular Music

A

nonreligious music

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14
Q

Functional Harmony

A

chords have a specific function, taking you somewhere and driving it forward

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15
Q

Recitative

A

half singing, half reciting style of presenting words in opera, designed to further the plot

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16
Q

Aria

A

designed for a solo singer, stopping the action and elaborating on the character’s feelings in an opera

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17
Q

The text of an Opera is known as…

A

libretto

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18
Q

Outsider Music

A

music outside of mainstream

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19
Q

What are the three parts of the sonata-allegro?

A

exposition, development, recapitulation

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20
Q

Rondo Form

A

one main theme or tune alternating with other themes or sections

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21
Q

When were the public concerts created?

A

classical era

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22
Q

Movement

A

self-contained sections in a large piece of music

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23
Q

Form in Music

A

the beginning, middle, and end. It is the structure/shape of the music

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24
Q

Symphony

A

a large concert piece for orchestra made up of several movements

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25
Q

Sonata

A

a piece for one or two instruments, in three movements

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26
Q

Lieder

A

German art song

27
Q

Etude

A

study intended to perfect the performers’ technique

28
Q

Chamber Music

A

2-9 players; originally performed in smaller rooms (known as the string quartet)

29
Q

Music…

A

occurs in real time

30
Q

Nocturne

A

night music

31
Q

Concerto

A

a large work for orchestra and soloist, usually in 3 movements

32
Q

Serialism

A

goes through the entire tone row, replaces functional harmony

33
Q

Opera

A

drama presented in music

34
Q

Chance Music

A

music with notes or pitches not specified by the composer

35
Q

Music Concrete

A

music composed with natural sounds recorded electronically

36
Q

Neoclassicism

A

a return to the style and form of pre-Romantic music but using 20th-century rhythms and harmonic style

37
Q

Post Modern

A

return to tonality, simple melodies/harmonies

38
Q

Atonality

A

absence of key center

39
Q

Fine Art

A

cultivated European tradition, made to challenge listeners and players, confronts life and has historical significance

40
Q

Folk Art

A

has an oral tradition, preserves history and ethnic identity, does not need to be popular ideals with political and social issues

41
Q

Popular Art

A

for the middle class, for mass consumption and commercial success and does not real with reality but imitates it.

42
Q

3 characteristics of Medieval/ Renaissance music

A

one melody, plainchant, modal harmony

43
Q

3 characteristics of Baroque music

A

contrapuntal, one emotion, ornate melodies with embellishments

44
Q

3 characteristics of Classical music

A

simple singable melodies, rondo form, many moods

45
Q

3 characteristics of Romanticism music

A

rubato, opera, chromatic

46
Q

3 characteristics of Modernist music

A

serialism, barbarism, non-diatonic

47
Q

3 composers from the Baroque period

A

Vivaldi, Bach, and Corelli

48
Q

3 composers from the Classical period

A

Beethoven, Mozart, Hayden

49
Q

3 composers from the Romantic period

A

Beethoven, Chopan, Tchaikovsky

50
Q

3 composers from the Modern period

A

Cage, Shonberg, Crumb

51
Q

3 composers from the Postmodern period

A

Glass, Adams, Riley

52
Q

3 aspects of African culture not taken by slavery

A

religion, music, dance

53
Q

Wagner

A

coined “total work of art” and created chromaticism (using all or many notes on a keyboard

54
Q

What is rock n roll a euphemism for?

A

sex

55
Q

What older African music that contributed to R&B

A

blues

56
Q

Slave characteristics in rock n roll

A

call and response, hidden meanings, non-diatonic

57
Q

Why was Elvis important for rock n roll?

A

He was a white guy acting like a black guy

58
Q

Why was the Beatles important to rock n roll?

A

Made it mainstream

59
Q

Name 3 styles that make up rock n roll

A

Blues, Gospel, Country

60
Q

Earliest form of African music

A

Gospel (call and response?)

61
Q

Core elements associated with rock n roll

A

rebellious attitudes, back beat basic rhythm section, I, IV, V chords

62
Q

3 pioneers of rock n roll

A

Buddy Holly, Elvis, Lil Richard

63
Q

Allan Freed coined the term Rock n Roll and used it as a code for what form of music

A

R&B

64
Q

Aspects of jazz

A

improvisation, changes, hand-held instruments