Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A&P Final > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

0
Q

What keeps the trachea from collapsing?

A

Cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

How is the respiratory rate affected with hypoxia and hypercapnia?

A

Increased respirations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What prevents friction between the pleural membrane

A

Pleural fluid (serus fluid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Tidal volume

A

Normal respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which bronchi is more likely to be occluded with aspiration

A

Right side because it’s bigger ( has 3 bronchi) (left has only 2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Normal Ph. What values indicate resp. Acidosis and alkalosis.

A

Normal: 7.35-7.45
Acidosis: lower than 7.35
Alkalosis: higher than 7.45

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What sweeps mucus and pathogens out of the larynx and trachea

A

Cilia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How would the lungs respond to compensate for metabolic acidosis

A

Increase respiration to release co2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where does has exchange occur

A

Alveoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the primary chemical that regulates respiration in a healthy person

A

Co2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What surrounds the alveoli

A

Capillarys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Path of air flow

A

Nose-mouth-pharynx-trachea-bronchi-bronchioles-alveoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the purpose of the cough reflex

A

To remove irritants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are chemoreceptors and where are they located

A 
Chemoreceptors are changes in co2 and o2. 
Located in Brian (detects o2)
And body (peripheral detects co2) (coroided and aortic bodies)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Mediastinum

A

Area between lungs where heart is

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pleural effusion

A

Build up of fluid in pleural space. Between visceral and parietal pleural
Tx: thoracentesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Different blood types

A

A.B.AB.O.RH+
Donor: O-
Receiver: AB+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is a thrombus

A

Blood clot on blood vessel. Forms on ruff area on vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Process of clotting. What mineral is needed. what is a clot made of

A

Process: platelets-prothrombin-thrombin-fibrinogen-FIBRIN

Needs calcium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs.

A

Pulmonary artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is produced by red bone marrow?

A

RBC, WBC and platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Lymphocytes

A

WBC that recognize foreign antigens and make antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What types of cell is the precursor to all type of blood cells

A

Stem cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is lymph and where does if flow

A

Fluid that flows through the lymphatic system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Lymph nodes and where are they located

A

Cluster of lymph tissue that preform phagocytosis, lymphocytes and macrgocytes
Located: cervical, inganal, thoracic and auxiliary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

How does the spleen process old RBCs

A

By forming billy Rubin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is hypoxemia and how do the kidneys compensate

A

Low o2 in blood. So kidneys secret erythropoietin to stimulate RBC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What blood vessels supply the myocardium

A

Both coronary arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is the cardiac cycle

A

Atria contracts then ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Sac surrounding the heart and what prevents friction rub

A

Pericardium and pericardium fluid

30
Q

Path of blood flow

A

Lungs (right side)

Body (left side)

31
Q

What prevents back flow of blood from the pulmonary artery and aorta into the ventricles

A

Semilunar valves. ( both pulmonary and aortic)

32
Q

Normal heart sounds and what causes it

A

Lib dub ( s1 and s2)
S1 ( closure of AV)
S2 (closure of SV)

33
Q

ANH

A

Atrial natriuretic hormone
Atria releases ANH when heart is stretched - to stimulate kidneys - to eliminate water and sodium.
-decreases bp and strain on heart

34
Q

Electrical conduct through heart

A

SA node - AV node - bundle of his - perkunjie fibers

35
Q

Systole

A

Contraction of heart

36
Q

Diastole

A

Relaxation of heart

37
Q

Arteriosclerosis

A

Hardening of arteries. Loss of elasticity

38
Q

Endocarditis

A

Inflammation of inner lining of the heart

39
Q

Hypothalamus

A

In brain above pituitary

40
Q

Anterior/posterior Pituitary gland

A

In brain, hangs from hypothalamus (master gland)

41
Q

Pineal gland

A

Brian

42
Q

Thyroid gland

A

Neck

43
Q

Parathyroid gland

A

On neck, behind the thyroid gland

44
Q

Thymus gland

A

Upper thorax

45
Q

Adrenal gland

A

Top of kidneys

46
Q

Pancreas

A

Abdomen , behind stomach

47
Q

Ovaries

A

Uterus

48
Q

Testes

A

Scrotum

49
Q

Hormones

A

Chemical messengers

50
Q

What’s the master gland

A

Pituitary gland

51
Q

What are glucocorticoids

A

Cortisol , from adrenal cortex. Increases blood sugar and is an anti inflammatory

52
Q

What are mineralocorticoids

A

Aldosterone in adrenal cortex. Effects electrolyte imbalance, sodium reabsorption and decreases potassium

53
Q

What hormone increases the rate of cell division

A

Growth hormones

54
Q

What hormone maintain normal blood pressure by maintaining blood volume

A

ADH and Aldosterone
ADH reabsorbs water
Aldosterone retains sodium

55
Q

What hormone increases blood glucose

A

Glucagon (alpha cells)

56
Q

What hormone decreases blood glucose

A

Insulin (beta cells)

Helps sugar be used for energy

57
Q

What hormone increases and decreases blood calcium levels

A

Increase: PTH
Decrease: calcitonin

58
Q

How is body temp regulated

A

By the hypothalamus.
Vasoconstriction : keeps heat
Vasodilation: sweat and keeps cool

59
Q

What layer of skin does mitosis takes place

A

Stratum germinative

60
Q

2 types of sweat glands

A

Eccrine (regulates temp)(forehead, palms, feet)

Apocrine (under arm and genital area) ( stressful situations)

61
Q

2 substances produced when uv rays strike the skin

A

Vit. D, melanin

62
Q

Purpose of subcutaneous adipose tissue

A

Heat, energy, cushion

63
Q

3 layers if skin

A

Epidermis
Dermis
SQ

64
Q

Protein that thickens, waterproofs and protects skin

A

Keratin

65
Q

What gives dermis strength

A

Collegen

66
Q

Virulence

A

Ability for a pathogen to cause disease

67
Q

Sterilization

A

Destroying all microorganisms and spores

68
Q

Transient flora

A

Normal bacteria on the body for a short amount of time

69
Q

Secondary infection

A

Infections caused by a primary infection

70
Q

Contagious

A

Ability to spread form one person to another

71
Q

What organ systems the protect body against pathogens

A

Skin and lymphatic

72
Q

Hypercapnia

A

High co2

A&P Final (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions