Final Flashcards
When was the term “racist” coined?
1930 - response to nazism
Define racism
There are many definitions
“a system of power based on race”
What is “old” racism?
Based on perceived biological differences
What is “new” racism?
Based on perceived cultural differences -ethnicity
Who leads the deconstruct racism ted talk?
Baratunde
Rafiq
Thurston
How does Thurston define White Supremacy?
A system of structural advantage
Favours white people in social, political, and economic arenas
The narrative of racial difference
What is Thurstons first level?
Reverse the roles
Level 2?
Increase beliveability of the reversal
level 3?
Change the action
Bonus level?
Inclusion
What is the realist approach to racism?
changing physical realities of minorities lives
What is the idealist approach to racism?
changing words, behaviours, and attitudes
What is a polarized stereotype?
Normalizing whiteness
What is being “white”? (Audrey Kobayashi and Linda Peake)
Whiteness is a set of cultural practices and politics based on ideological norms that are lived but not acknowledged
What is cultural appropriation?
Dominant group selectively adopting and de-contextualizing elements of minority cultures without consent
What is “racelessness”?
Coping strategy that involves the suppression of racial identity in order to achieve success
What is colourism?
White ideals of beauty
When was the Canadian Multiculturalism Act created?
1988
What is Canada’s type of Racism? explain
Democratic racism - value conflict between democratic values and negative attitudes toward minorities
Equal lawfully but not socially
What are the Starlight Tours?
Saskatoon - 1970s into the 2000s
Indigenous men taken by police outside of city limits in a remote area to freeze to death
Is there racism in hockey?
YES
Players of colour typically face discrimination by the team and by the audiences
What is Maclean’s “Too Asian”?
U of T having a high percentage of students who are of East Asian decent
Racism and COVID-19
Brought more instances of anti-Asian racism
What is ideological racism?
Racism that exists as a socio-cultural dimension in a society
Cultural values, behaviours, and communication patterns that consistently advance the dominant group
Describe Casual Racism
Everyday practices that are racist, but no not necessarily take form of hate speech or openly invoking hierarchies
What is Implicit Bias? Implicit association test:
Measures implicit attitudes and beliefs that people are either unwilling or unable to report
What is the most common form of racism?
Microaggressions
Where did the term “institutional racism” come from?
1960s USA - Black Power
Lord Macphersons’ report 1999 on institutional racism:
The collective failure of an organization to provide an appropriate and professional service to people because of their colour, culture, or ethnic origin. It can be seen or detected in processes, attitudes and behaviour which amount to discrimination through unwitting prejudice, ignorance, thoughtlessness, and racist stereotyping which disadvantage minority ethnic people.
What was the backlash from Macpheresons’ report?
It generalized racism into institutions rather than focusing on individual attitudes and practices.
Police have a few “rotten apples” rather than focusing on education and reform
Who is William Julius Wilson?
A black sociologist who published ‘The Declining Significance of Race’ 1978.
Black life chances are now more dependent on social class background than ‘race’
What was the 1964 Civil Rights Act?
President Kenny in 1963 - Aimed to end direct and unintentional discriminations and to redress the huge historical imbalance by providing assistance quotas to blacks
What creates the ‘new black middle class’?
Black communities often have lower wages, segregated neighborhoods and unfair disadvantages to this day.
Homicides have increased to the point of being the leading cause of death for black males.
Nearly 30% of black men will spend time in a Federal Prison
What was the quote from President Lyndon B. Johnson in 1965 regarding institutional racism?
“You do not take a person who for years has been hobbled by chains, and liberate him up to the starting line, and then say ‘you are free to compete with all the others’”.
What is the “SS Empire Windrush”?
Many Black and Asian Immigrants came to Britain.
The British Labour Government of Attlee was horrified, they wanted white immigrants, and dubbed those aboard as “undesirable elements” and attempts were made to prevent the ship from sailing
How was the 1948 Nationality Act actually racist?
Allowed freedom of entry to those from the colonies and “old Commonwealth” hoping they would be whites from Australia, New Zealand and Canada
Which specific racialized group has the most challenges in education?
African Caribbean boys
Often are treated the most hostile by teachers and have the most rules at school that oppress their identities
What factors of teacher racism were shown in “‘Race’, Culture and Difference” (1992)
African boys are seen as:
Physically threatening
Sexual predators - white women teachers
Perceptions from the way police treat black men
Taunted as “white” “gay” or being a “pussy” when interested in academic life
What is considered the “longest hatred”
Anti-Semitism
What is identified as the most recent form of racism
Islamophobia
What did the 1984 Commission for Racial Equality reveal?
St. George Medical School systematically penalized British applicants with non-christian surnames
Did ancient Egypt have distinct racist practices?
no
What did Aristotle propose about those living in colder climates?
They produced populations full of spirit but deficient in skill and intelligence
How did the Roman Empire differ in racism?
It viewed environmental and political factors as a basis for judgement. Emperor Septemus Serverrus (193-211 AD) was black
When did “theological anti-semitism” begin?
4th Century AD onward
