Final Flashcards
Over 90 percent of all U.S. cigarettes sold are now:
A. low-tar brands
B. filter cigarettes
C. made outside the U.S.
D. menthol flavored
filter cigarettes
People who switch to low-tar and nicotine brand cigarettes:
A. can avoid most of the health problems of cigarettes.
B. actually generate more secondhand smoke.
C. still have some risk, but it is much lower than with regular cigarettes.
D. typically take more and deeper puffs and probably get no safety benefit.
typically take more and deeper puffs and probably get no safety benefit.
Which of the following statements is true of the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act signed by President Barack Obama in 2009?
A. It includes any product containing nicotine intended for human consumption, except e-cigarettes, pipes, and nicotine gel.
B. It allows for the claims of “modified health risks” by cigarette manufactures until such claims are challenged in the federal courts.
C. It authorizes the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to regulate tobacco products themselves in specific ways.
D. It excludes a variety of electronic cigarettes and other devices from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) rules.
It authorizes the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to regulate tobacco products themselves in specific ways.
One big factor associated with lower rates of cigarette smoking among adults is:
A. caffeine use.
B. age.
C. higher level of education.
D. high self-esteem.
higher level of education.
The biggest health concern for users of smokeless tobacco has been:
A. high blood pressure.
B. cancer of the mouth, pharynx, and esophagus.
C. lung cancer.
D. liver disease.
cancer of the mouth, pharynx, and esophagus.
Although lung cancer is not common, about _____ percent of all lung cancers occur in smokers.
A. 10
B. 80
C. 40
D. 25
80
In 1993, the Environmental Protection Agency declared that:
A. cigarette smoking might be a cause of heart disease.
B. smoking would be banned in all federal facilities.
C. secondhand smoke is a known carcinogen that increases lung cancer risk.
D. sidestream smoke is lower in nitrosamines.
secondhand smoke is a known carcinogen that increases lung cancer risk.
Nicotine acts in the brain by:
A. increasing serotonin reuptake.
B. enhancing GABA’s inhibitory effects.
C. first stimulating and then blocking cholinergic receptors.
D. reducing blood flow to the cerebral cortex.
first stimulating and then blocking cholinergic receptors.
The psychological effect of cigarette smoking is:
A. a combination of arousal and activation—a mild stimulant effect and calm and relaxation—a mild antianxiety effect.
B. arousal and activation—a mild stimulant effect.
C. altered perception—a mild hallucinogenic effect.
D. calm and relaxation—a mild antianxiety effect.
a combination of arousal and activation—a mild stimulant effect and calm and relaxation—a mild antianxiety effect.
About 90 percent of the more than 40 million former smokers in the U.S. report that:
A. they still chew nicotine gum or wear a nicotine patch.
B. they crave cigarettes every day.
C. they quit smoking without a treatment program.
D. they have gained more than 10 pounds since quitting.
they quit smoking without a treatment program.
The use of cocaine by members of the general public in Europe was initially in the form of:
A. coca powder.
B. pills.
C. drinks, such as coca wine.
D. cigarettes.
drinks, such as coca wine.
Which of the following criteria is used to classify barbiturates?
A. Duration of action
B. Chemical structure
C. Strength of hypnotic effect
D. Price
Duration of action
Dr. W. S. Halsted, the “father of American surgery,” experimented with cocaine’s ability to produce:
A. local anesthesia.
B. dependence.
C. a deep sleep.
D. psychosis.
local anesthesia.
The major advantage of the benzodiazepines over the barbiturates seems to be the:
A. great effectiveness.
B. greater safety margin.
C. shorter duration of activity.
D. lower cost.
greater safety margin.
