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MD > final > Flashcards

final Flashcards

1
Q

Internal focus

A

focusing on self

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2
Q

External focus

A

focusing on things outside of the activity

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3
Q

explicit instructions

A

specifically what needs to happen

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4
Q

implicit instructions

A

thinking about activities metaphors such as squating - keeping a ball between your knees

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5
Q

internal cueing

A

cuuings the specifics to contract or specific movements

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6
Q

external cueing

A

giving outside examples of exercise - like press your thigh down into the table

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7
Q

procedural learning comes from

A

cerebellum

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8
Q

declarative learning comes from

A

temporal lobe

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9
Q

segmentation
simplification
fractionization

A

Segmentation - practice parts separately until a certain level of success has been achieved then combine to the whole
Simplification - various aspects of the skills and or environment are simplified
Fractionization - teaching a jumping jack but breaking arms and legs apart → then put together

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10
Q

Fitt’s three stages of ML

A

cognitive stage –> learner attepts to understand how to perform skill
intermediate associative stage –> learner begins to modify or adapt the mvmt pattern as needed
autonomous stage –> dual task can be introduced bc it is autonomous

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11
Q

neo-bernsteinina perspective of ML

A

novice - learner simplifies mvmt
advanced - adds degreees of freedom
expert - additional degrees of freedom and passive forces exploited

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12
Q

intrinsic feedback

A

visual info concerning whether a movement was accurate

ie- mirror

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13
Q

extrinsic feedback

A

verbal or manual guidance while the task is being performed or at the end

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14
Q

blocked vs random

A

blocked - increase performance - everything’s in order

random - increases prblm solving - random order

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15
Q

massed vs distributed

A

mass more practice less rest

distributed - more rest less practice

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16
Q

regulator features of the enviroment

A

aspects of environment shape the movement it self

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17
Q

non regulatory features of environment

A

may affect performance but mvmt does not have the conform to these features - background noise

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18
Q

autonomy vs competence

A

autonomy - have the pt pick what they want to do in their sessions

competence - need to perceive oneself as capable or competent

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19
Q

nonassociative learning

A

Nonassociative - habituation and sensitization

Reflex pathways

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20
Q

associative learning

A 
Associative - Can cause emotional and skeletal mm response
classical conditioning (stimulus to stimulus)
operant conditioning (behavior to consequences)
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21
Q

procedural learning

A

procedural - learning tasks that can be performed automatically w/o attention or conscious thought

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22
Q

habituation

A

Habituation - decrease in responsiveness that occurs as a result of repeated exposure to a non painful stimulus

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23
Q

declarative/explicit learning

A

pt cog thinking about tasks

involves factual knowledge

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24
Q

gentiles taxonomy

A

object manipulation/no object manipulation - hands

body stability/body transport

environment stationary (literally everything is still)/environment in motion (can be just 1 person moving)

no intertrial variability/intertrial variability

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25
Q

AIMs

A

do not Dx
gross motor screening
0-18 mo
age equivalent score - not a standard score - criterion referenced

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26
Q

PDMS

A

standardized evaluation; norm-referenced, gross and fine motor
0-6yrs
standard score
have to get 3 2s in a row

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27
Q

BOT

A

standardized evaluation; norm-referenced, gross and fine motor
age: 4-21 years
don’t have to do entire test
can compare male to male or female to female

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28
Q

body positioning progression

A

Physiological flexion → gravity extension → anti gravity flexion → lateral flexion

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29
Q

stabilization

A

POE early sitting, early standing

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30
Q

why scap ADD

A

help with abdominal and pelvic control

head up

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31
Q

milestones POE (prone on elbows)

A

start at 3 mo - 4

head up at 90 eyes forward

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32
Q

sitting milestone

A

6 mo - ring sitting
scap retracted or arms propped fwd
not free to play with

33
Q

hands and knees crawling

A

9 mo

34
Q

walking indi

A

12-15mo

35
Q

after initial development bones follow

A

wolfs law

36
Q

when does cartilage gradually replaced by ossification

A

8th fetal week

37
Q

what remains cartilaginous at birth

A

epiphysis

clavicle
mandible
sutures

38
Q

galant reflex

A

Galant reflex - stroke their back curve toward the side you stroke - links to scoliosis

39
Q

baby sucking works how

A

2 sucks then breathe

40
Q

phasic bite

A

pressure on gum = bite down

41
Q

pincer grips start when

A

9-13 mo

42
Q

timing of full ossification of each bone

A

they all vary but most ossified by 20 yrs of age

43
Q

appositional growth

A

bone increasing in size - new bone accumulation on the bone surface

44
Q

rapid periods of bone growth

A

prenatal, 7, adolescent

45
Q

joint formation in gestation

A

basic structure develops in 6-8 wks

46
Q

longitudinal loading

A

parallel to the direction of growth - compression/tension

47
Q

hueter-volkmann principle

A

growth plates produce increased growth in response to tension and decreased to excessive compression

48
Q

ilizarod technique

A

limb lengthening where they put screws in your leg and lengthen it by slowly screwing it apart

49
Q

flexure drift

A

bone is able to straighten some decree of malalignment

50
Q

bone formation across a life spane at the knee joint

A

start with genu varum then straighten then slight valgum

51
Q

neonate alignment
spine
legs/arms
hip joint

A

hip knee and elbow FL

kyphotic spine

hips are shallow unstable

52
Q

role of brain in grasp

A

cerebellum - predictive control of grip force

cortical - timing and predictive grip formation/force

53
Q 
head eye coordination 
milestone
1mo
2mo
3mo
4mo
5mo
development of eye mvmt
A

saccadic eye mvmt before smooth pursuit

1 mo  head mvmts in smooth pursuits progresses through age 5
2mo - head arm mvmts become coupled
3 mo - eyes stay on obj most of time
4mo - beginning postural stability
5 mo predictive abilities
54
Q

motor components of reach grasp
0-2mo
4mo
5mo

A

0-2- extension of arm opening of hand difficulty to grasp
4mo - reaching becomes more refined
5mo - visually guided reaching

55
Q

6-9 mo oral development/MC

A

holds bottle indi

eats pureed meats

56
Q

3-6 mo oral develop/MC

A

eats from small infant spoon

sucking rather than phasic bite

57
Q

9-12 mo oral develop/MC

A

self feed
consume mashed table foods
dring through straw

58
Q

12-18mo oral develop and MC

A

bites through crunchy foods

moves food in mouth from side to side while chewing

59
Q

18-24 mo oral develop/MC

A

self feeds

60
Q

physilogical FL

A

full term baby positioning in womb

61
Q

anti grav ext

A

tummy time

62
Q

anti grav fl

A

supine

63
Q

newborn normal development

A

frog legs
rooting reflex
back rounded - pelvis perpendicular
8-9 in away vision

64
Q

1-2 mo normal development

A

increased alertness and visual awareness
elbows behind shoulders prone
begin to see scap retraction in supported sitting
ATNR

65
Q

rooting reflex

A

stroke around mouth baby turns that direction

66
Q

ATNR

A

head turns arms go out - fencing position

67
Q

TLR

A

on stomach more FL tone on back more EX tone

68
Q

STNR

A

when head EX your arms EX and legs FL

when head FL your arms FL and legs EX

69
Q

3mo normal development
prone
supine
other

A

sustained prone on elbows w/ head elevated
supine - chin tuck - foot play
interacts visually w/ caregivers

70
Q

4 mo normal development
prone
UE
other

A

prone head ext at 90 on ext arms - upward dog
WB on forearms prone

visual tracking w/ head turning
ulnar grasp
bring hands together

71
Q 
5 mo  normal development
sitting
prone
UE
other
A

voluntary asymmetrical dissociated and reciprocal mvmt

ring sitting
supine - feet to mouth

prone - push up on hands, rolls to supine

palmar grasp
brings toy to mouth

72
Q

6 mo normal development
sitting
prone
other

A

indi sitting
standing indi holding on to support

prone - pushing backward toward quadraped

more precise reaching

73
Q

7 mo normal development

A

transition for quad to sit

arms free for play

pull to stand - half kneeling

74
Q

8mo normal development

A

begin climbing on furniture

cruising

standing may release 1 handing

75
Q

9 mo normal development

A

indi kneeling

hands and knees crawling

cruising semi turns

76
Q

10 mo normal development

A

3 jaw chuck/pincer grip

reaches across midline

supported walking

77
Q

11 mo normal development

A

stands alone when doing a task

walks with one hand held

neat pincer grip

78
Q

12 mo

A

walk indi - could take up to 15 mo

wide BOS

MD (2 decks)

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